100+ Interview Questions and Answers

GST does not cover petroleum products, alcohol, and electricity to avail ITC.

• Petroleum products

• Alcohol

• Electricity

Interview questions for Technician Apprentice Trainee related to distillation process, NPSH, dew and bubble point, and local knowledge.

• Distillation process involves separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• Distillation column height is determined by the number of theoretical plates required for separation.

• NPSH stands for Net Positive Suction Head and is a measure of the pressure required to prevent cavitation in a pump.

• Dew point is the temperature at w...read more

The rate of TDS to deduct under contract payments varies depending on the nature of the contract and the payment amount.

• For individuals and HUFs, the TDS rate is 1% if the payment exceeds Rs. 50 lakhs in a financial year.

• For other entities, the TDS rate is 2% if the payment exceeds Rs. 50 lakhs in a financial year.

• If the payee does not provide their PAN, the TDS rate is 20%.

• If the payee provides a false PAN, the TDS rate is 20%.

• If the payee does not provide their Aadhaar numb...read more

The section that allows to deduct TDS on salaries is Section 192 of the Income Tax Act.

• Section 192 of the Income Tax Act deals with the deduction of TDS on salaries.

• This section specifies the rates at which TDS should be deducted from salaries.

• Employers are required to deduct TDS from the salaries of their employees as per the provisions of this section.

• The TDS deducted under Section 192 needs to be deposited with the government within the specified time frame.

• Employees can c...read more

VLOOKUP is a function in Excel used to search for a specific value in a table and return a corresponding value.

• Syntax: VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

• lookup_value: the value to search for in the first column of the table

• table_array: the range of cells that contains the table

• col_index_num: the column number in the table from which to return a value

• range_lookup: optional argument that specifies whether to find an exact match or an approximate m...read more

Outstanding liability journal entry is a debit to the expense account and a credit to the liability account.

• Outstanding liability refers to the amount of money a company owes to its creditors or suppliers but has not yet paid.

• The journal entry for outstanding liability involves debiting the expense account and crediting the liability account.

• For example, if a company owes $10,000 to its supplier but has not yet paid, the journal entry would be a debit of $10,000 to the expens...read more

An airplane adjusts its height by changing the angle of its wings and using control surfaces.

• An airplane adjusts its height by changing the angle of its wings, which is controlled by the pilot using the control column or yoke.

• To climb, the pilot increases the angle of attack of the wings, which increases lift and allows the airplane to gain altitude.

• To descend, the pilot decreases the angle of attack, reducing lift and causing the airplane to descend.

• Control surfaces such as ...read more

I would inform my supervisor and request for leave to attend to the emergency.

• Inform supervisor immediately

• Request for leave to attend to emergency

• Ensure handover of responsibilities to a colleague

• Stay in communication with team to ensure work is covered

GST returns are periodic filings of tax returns by registered taxpayers under GST. There are various types of GST returns with different due dates.

• GSTR-1: Monthly return for outward supplies - 11th of the next month

• GSTR-3B: Monthly summary return - 20th of the next month

• GSTR-4: Quarterly return for composition scheme taxpayers - 18th of the next month after the quarter

• GSTR-5: Return for non-resident foreign taxpayers - 20th of the next month

• GSTR-6: Return for input service di...read more

A mechanical engineer in a pipeline designs, maintains and troubleshoots mechanical systems and equipment.

• Designing and testing mechanical systems and equipment

• Ensuring compliance with safety and environmental regulations

• Maintaining and repairing equipment

• Troubleshooting and resolving mechanical issues

• Collaborating with other engineers and professionals

• Conducting inspections and audits

• Developing and implementing maintenance schedules

• Monitoring performance and efficiency

• Provid...read more

Section 194C of Income Tax Act deals with TDS for contract payments.

• Section 194C applies to payments made to contractors and sub-contractors.

• TDS is deducted at a rate of 1% for individuals and HUFs, and 2% for others.

• If the payment exceeds Rs. 30,000 in a single transaction or Rs. 1,00,000 in a year, TDS is applicable.

• The TDS deducted must be deposited with the government and a TDS certificate must be issued to the payee.

The maximum percentage of carbon and silicon in cement is typically around 5% and 3% respectively.

• Maximum percentage of carbon in cement is around 5%

• Maximum percentage of silicon in cement is around 3%

• Higher percentages can affect the quality and properties of the cement

Opening or closing a valve suddenly can cause pressure surges and water hammer in the pipeline.

• When a valve is opened suddenly, the sudden increase in flow can cause pressure surges in the pipeline.

• When a valve is closed suddenly, the sudden decrease in flow can cause pressure surges in the pipeline.

• Pressure surges can cause damage to the pipeline and equipment, and can also cause leaks.

• Water hammer can occur when pressure surges cause the water to slam against the walls of t...read more

Petroleum refining is the process of converting crude oil into useful products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.

• Crude oil is first heated and then sent to a distillation tower where it is separated into different components based on their boiling points.

• The separated components are then further processed through various refining processes such as cracking, reforming, and hydrotreating.

• Cracking breaks down heavy hydrocarbon molecules into lighter ones, while reforming conve...read more

The OSI model and TCP/IP model are networking models that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• OSI model has 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• TCP/IP model has 4 layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application.

• Devices used in each layer vary, but examples include hubs, switches, routers, firewalls, etc.

• IPv4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol, while IPv6 is the sixth version.

• Subnetting...read more

CPM and PERT are project management techniques used to plan and control complex projects.

• CPM stands for Critical Path Method and PERT stands for Program Evaluation and Review Technique.

• CPM is a deterministic method that focuses on the time required to complete a project, while PERT is a probabilistic method that considers uncertainties in project duration.

• CPM uses a single estimate for each activity duration, while PERT uses three estimates (optimistic, pessimistic, and most ...read more

Differential is a device that allows wheels to rotate at different speeds, enabling smooth turning of a vehicle.

• Differential is located between the drive wheels of a vehicle.

• It allows the wheels to rotate at different speeds while turning.

• Inside the differential, there are gears that distribute power to the wheels.

• During a turn, the outer wheel travels a longer distance than the inner wheel.

• The differential compensates for this by allowing the outer wheel to rotate faster tha...read more

Cladding is a protective layer applied to a surface, while cathodic protection is a technique to prevent corrosion. The choice depends on the specific requirements and conditions.

• Cladding is the process of applying an external layer to protect a surface from environmental factors such as weather, heat, or corrosion.

• Cathodic protection is a technique used to prevent corrosion by making the protected metal surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

• The choice between claddi...read more

Rickshaw turns by tilting the front wheel and pivoting on the rear wheel.

• Rickshaw has a single front wheel and two rear wheels.

• The driver tilts the front wheel in the direction of the turn.

• The rear wheels pivot around the center of gravity.

• The passenger cabin remains upright due to the design of the frame.

• The turning radius is small due to the compact size of the vehicle.

I would assess the practical problem and respond accordingly, taking into consideration the urgency and available resources.

• Assess the nature and urgency of the practical problem

• Evaluate the available resources and support

• Determine the appropriate response or action

• Implement the response or seek assistance if necessary

• Ensure safety and security measures are in place

• Document the problem and response for future reference

Instrumentation systems are used in companies to monitor and control various processes and equipment.

• Instrumentation systems help in ensuring the safety and efficiency of operations.

• They provide real-time data on process variables such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and level.

• By monitoring these variables, companies can detect and prevent potential issues or failures.

• Instrumentation systems also enable automation and remote control of processes, improving productivity.

• T...read more

Flow measuring devices are used to measure the rate of flow of a fluid, while level measuring devices are used to measure the level of a substance in a container.

• Flow measuring devices include orifice plates, flow meters, and ultrasonic flow meters.

• Level measuring devices include float switches, capacitance level sensors, and ultrasonic level sensors.

Instrumentation is the science of measuring and controlling physical variables.

• Instrumentation involves the use of various instruments and devices to measure and control physical variables such as temperature, pressure, flow, and level.

• It is used in various industries such as manufacturing, oil and gas, and healthcare.

• Instrumentation plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of industrial processes.

• I chose instrumentation because of my interest in physics and...read more

The main components of cement are limestone, clay, and gypsum.

• Limestone: primary raw material used in cement production

• Clay: provides silica, alumina, and iron oxide necessary for cement

• Gypsum: regulates setting time and helps control the rate of hardening

When a cylinder is defective on a consumer's home, I would take the following steps:

• First, I would ensure the safety of the consumer and the surrounding area.

• I would then inspect the defective cylinder to identify the issue.

• If the cylinder is leaking or damaged, I would immediately shut off the gas supply and isolate the cylinder.

• Next, I would inform the consumer about the defect and advise them not to use the cylinder.

• I would then arrange for the defective cylinder to be rep...read more

Marginal costing is related to IOCL in terms of cost analysis and decision-making.

• Marginal costing helps in determining the cost of producing an additional unit of output in IOCL.

• It helps in analyzing the impact of changes in production volume on costs and profitability.

• Marginal costing assists in decision-making regarding pricing, product mix, and cost control in IOCL.

• It focuses on variable costs and contribution margin, which are crucial for IOCL's financial performance.

• For...read more

A kid riding a toy cycle takes a turn by leaning the cycle in the direction of the turn.

• The kid leans the cycle in the direction of the turn

• The handlebar is turned in the direction of the turn

• The kid shifts their weight to the opposite side of the turn

• The speed of the cycle affects the turn radius

Upper and lower yield refer to the stress values at which a material begins to deform plastically.

• Upper yield is the stress value at which a material begins to deform plastically under increasing stress.

• Lower yield is the stress value at which a material begins to deform plastically under decreasing stress.

• These values are important in determining the strength and ductility of a material.

• For example, if a material has a high upper yield and low lower yield, it may be strong b...read more

Efficient maintenance of power system involves regular inspections, preventive maintenance, and timely repairs.

• Regularly inspect power system components for signs of wear and tear

• Perform preventive maintenance tasks such as cleaning, lubricating, and tightening connections

• Schedule regular testing and calibration of equipment

• Implement condition-based maintenance to identify potential issues before they cause failures

• Train and educate maintenance staff to ensure they have the n...read more

NPSH stands for Net Positive Suction Head. It is a measure of the pressure available at the suction side of a pump.

• NPSH is important in determining if a pump can operate without cavitation.

• It is calculated by subtracting the vapor pressure of the fluid from the total suction head.

• If the NPSH available is less than the NPSH required, cavitation may occur.

• Cavitation can damage the pump and reduce its efficiency.

• NPSH is influenced by factors such as fluid properties, pump design...read more

Activity Based Costing is a costing method that assigns costs to specific activities based on their consumption of resources.

• It is a more accurate and detailed approach to cost allocation compared to traditional costing methods.

• It identifies and assigns costs to activities that drive the consumption of resources.

• It helps in understanding the cost drivers and their impact on the overall cost of products or services.

• It provides insights into the profitability of different produ...read more

There are several types of heat exchangers used in various industries.

• Shell and tube heat exchanger

• Plate heat exchanger

• Double pipe heat exchanger

• Spiral heat exchanger

• Air cooled heat exchanger

• Finned tube heat exchanger

It depends on the purpose of the vehicle and personal preference.

• Front-wheel drive is better for fuel efficiency and handling in slippery conditions.

• Rear-wheel drive is better for towing and high-performance driving.

• All-wheel drive is best for off-road and all-weather driving.

• Personal preference plays a big role in choosing between front and rear-wheel drive.

• Ultimately, it depends on the purpose of the vehicle and the driver's needs.

Stainless steels, such as 316 and 904L, have the highest corrosion resistance.

• Stainless steels are known for their excellent corrosion resistance.

• Austenitic stainless steels, like 316 and 904L, offer high resistance to corrosion in various environments.

• Duplex stainless steels, such as 2205, also exhibit good corrosion resistance.

• Other corrosion-resistant steels include superaustenitic stainless steels like AL-6XN and nickel-based alloys like Inconel.

Safety toolbox meetings are conducted to promote safety awareness, discuss potential hazards, and provide training to employees.

• To promote safety awareness among employees

• To discuss potential hazards and how to prevent them

• To provide training on safety procedures and protocols

• To encourage employee participation and feedback

• To ensure compliance with safety regulations and standards

• To share best practices and lessons learned from incidents

• To reinforce safety culture and values ...read more

Line of sight communication involves direct visual contact between sender and receiver.

• Pros: Secure communication as it is difficult to intercept, immediate feedback, no need for additional equipment

• Cons: Limited range, susceptible to interference from obstacles, requires clear line of sight

• Example: Using hand signals to communicate with someone across a crowded room

Pivot Table is a data summarization tool in Excel used to analyze, summarize and present large amounts of data in a concise tabular format.

• Pivot Table allows users to quickly and easily summarize and analyze large amounts of data

• It helps in identifying patterns, trends, and relationships in the data

• Users can group, filter, and sort data based on different criteria

• Pivot Table can be used for various purposes such as financial analysis, sales analysis, and inventory analysis

• Exa...read more

TDS stands for Tax Deducted at Source and is a mechanism to collect income tax in India.

• TDS is deducted by the payer at the time of making payment to the payee.

• The deducted amount is then deposited with the government on behalf of the payee.

• TDS is applicable on various types of payments such as salary, interest, rent, commission, etc.

• The rate of TDS varies depending on the type of payment and the income slab of the payee.

• The payee can claim credit for the TDS deducted while f...read more

24 volt lamps are used in confined space entry jobs for safety reasons.

• 24 volt lamps are considered intrinsically safe as they do not produce sparks that could ignite flammable gases or vapors in confined spaces.

• They are also less likely to cause eye damage or blindness in case of accidental exposure.

• The low voltage also reduces the risk of electrical shock.

• Examples of confined spaces where 24 volt lamps are used include tanks, vessels, and pipelines.

• In addition, 24 volt lamp...read more

It depends on the type of pipeline and the nature of the incident.

• If it's a gas pipeline, there could be an explosion or fire.

• If it's a water pipeline, there could be a leak or contamination.

• If it's an oil pipeline, there could be a spill or environmental damage.

• The response would depend on the severity of the incident and the measures in place to prevent and address such incidents.

I believe that fossil fuels will continue to be phased out in favor of electrification, leading to a decrease in demand for petrol and diesel.

• Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources that contribute to environmental pollution and climate change.

• The shift towards electrification of railways and vehicles is driven by the need to reduce carbon emissions and combat global warming.

• Countries and companies are investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power to rep...read more

Cash flow statement shows inflow and outflow of cash while fund flow statement shows changes in working capital.

• Cash flow statement focuses on cash transactions while fund flow statement focuses on changes in working capital.

• Cash flow statement shows inflow and outflow of cash while fund flow statement shows sources and uses of funds.

• Cash flow statement is a short-term analysis while fund flow statement is a long-term analysis.

• Cash flow statement helps in assessing liquidity ...read more

Flow measurement instruments are devices used to measure the rate of flow of fluids or gases.

• Flow meters are commonly used instruments for flow measurement.

• Some common types of flow meters include electromagnetic flow meters, ultrasonic flow meters, and turbine flow meters.

• Electromagnetic flow meters use Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction to measure flow.

• Ultrasonic flow meters use ultrasonic waves to measure flow.

• Turbine flow meters use a rotating turbine to measure f...read more

I am familiar with microcontrollers such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and ESP8266.

• Arduino

• Raspberry Pi

• ESP8266

Yes, it would be beneficial to retain the apprentice and utilize their knowledge gained during the past year.

• Retaining the apprentice would save time and resources on training a new employee.

• The apprentice has already gained knowledge and experience specific to the company's operations.

• The apprentice may have developed relationships with coworkers and clients that could be beneficial to the company.

• Offering a permanent job to the apprentice could increase their loyalty and mo...read more

In weld visual inspection, we will see the quality of the weld and any defects present.

• Quality of the weld

• Presence of any defects

• Cracks, porosity, lack of fusion, undercutting, etc.

• Weld reinforcement and penetration

• Alignment and dimensions of the weld

• Surface finish and cleanliness

Aerodynamic profile application in fluid machinery

• Aerodynamic profiles are used in fluid machinery to optimize performance and efficiency

• They are designed to minimize drag and maximize lift

• Examples include airfoils in aircraft wings, propeller blades, and turbine blades

• Aerodynamic profiles are also used in pumps, fans, and compressors to improve fluid flow

• They are crucial in the design of vehicles, wind turbines, and other fluid-powered systems

Asset monetization refers to the process of converting assets into cash or generating income from assets.

• Asset monetization involves selling or leasing assets to generate revenue.

• It can also involve using assets as collateral to secure loans or financing.

• Examples of asset monetization include selling real estate properties, leasing out equipment, or licensing intellectual property.

• Asset monetization can help organizations unlock the value of underutilized or non-core assets.

• I...read more

4-20mA signal is used instead of 0-20mA because it allows for a reliable and accurate measurement of the process variable.

• 4-20mA signal provides a clear distinction between zero and full-scale measurement.

• It allows for easy detection of faults or breaks in the circuit.

• The 4mA minimum value ensures that the signal is always present, even if the measurement is at its lowest possible value.

• The 20mA maximum value provides a standardized upper limit for the signal.

• This signal rang...read more

ITC stands for Input Tax Credit in GST.

• ITC is a mechanism to avoid cascading effect of taxes.

• It allows businesses to claim credit for taxes paid on inputs used in production.

• ITC can be claimed only if the supplier has filed their GST returns.

• ITC cannot be claimed for personal or non-business expenses.

• For example, if a manufacturer buys raw materials worth Rs. 10,000 and pays Rs. 1,800 as GST, they can claim ITC of Rs. 1,800 and reduce their tax liability.

• ITC can be claimed fo...read more

The formula of ethyl alcohol is C2H5OH.

• The chemical formula of ethyl alcohol is C2H5OH.

• C2H5OH represents two carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom.

• Ethyl alcohol is also known as ethanol.

Synchronization, similar voltage ratios, and proper phase sequence are required for parallel operation of two transformers.

• Synchronization of the two transformers is crucial to ensure they operate together smoothly.

• The transformers should have similar voltage ratios to prevent imbalance in the system.

• Proper phase sequence must be maintained to avoid damaging the transformers or causing power quality issues.

A pump is used to move fluids, while a compressor is used to increase the pressure of gases.

• Pump is used for fluids, compressor is used for gases

• Pump moves fluids from one place to another, compressor increases the pressure of gases

• Pump operates at lower pressures, compressor operates at higher pressures

• Examples: Water pump, fuel pump, air compressor

G-codes and M-codes are programming languages used in CNC machines to control various functions and operations.

• G-codes are used to command specific movements and functions, such as cutting speed and tool positioning

• M-codes are used to activate auxiliary functions like coolant systems or tool changes

• Examples of G-codes include G00 for rapid movement and G01 for linear interpolation

• Examples of M-codes include M06 for tool change and M08 for coolant on

There are various GST returns that need to be filed at different intervals.

• GSTR-1: Monthly return for outward supplies

• GSTR-2A: Auto-populated return for inward supplies

• GSTR-3B: Monthly summary return

• GSTR-4: Quarterly return for composition dealers

• GSTR-5: Monthly return for non-resident taxpayers

• GSTR-6: Monthly return for input service distributors

• GSTR-7: Monthly return for tax deducted at source

• GSTR-8: Monthly return for e-commerce operators

• GSTR-9: Annual return

• GSTR-10: Final...read more

I landed my most successful sale by building a strong relationship with the client and understanding their needs.

• Focused on building a relationship with the client

• Listened carefully to their needs and concerns

• Provided a tailored solution that addressed their specific pain points

• Followed up consistently and provided excellent customer service

• Closed the deal by demonstrating the value of our solution

The unit of capacitance is Farad (F)

• The unit of capacitance is named after Michael Faraday

• 1 Farad is equal to 1 Coulomb per Volt

• Common multiples of Farad include microfarad (uF) and picofarad (pF)

Heat exchangers can be inspected using various methods such as visual inspection, non-destructive testing, and cleaning.

• Visual inspection of the heat exchanger tubes and fins for any signs of corrosion, erosion, or damage.

• Non-destructive testing methods such as ultrasonic testing, radiography, and eddy current testing can be used to detect any defects or cracks in the heat exchanger.

• Cleaning the heat exchanger regularly to prevent fouling and blockages that can reduce its eff...read more

GPA stands for General Power of Attorney. It is useful in title documents to grant someone the authority to act on behalf of the property owner.

• GPA is a legal document that allows one person to act on behalf of another in legal or financial matters.

• In title documents, GPA can be used to authorize someone to buy, sell, or manage property on behalf of the owner.

• Having a GPA in title documents ensures that the authorized person has the legal authority to act on behalf of the pro...read more

Toughness is the ability to withstand stress without breaking, while hardness is the ability to resist indentation or scratching.

• Toughness is a measure of a material's ability to absorb energy before breaking or fracturing.

• Hardness is a measure of a material's resistance to indentation or scratching.

• Toughness is important in materials that are subjected to impact or shock loading, while hardness is important in materials that need to resist wear or abrasion.

• Examples of tough ...read more

Capital employed refers to the total amount of capital invested in a business.

• Capital employed includes all the long-term and short-term funds invested in a business.

• It is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from total assets.

• Capital employed is an important metric for measuring a company's financial health and efficiency.

• Examples of capital employed include investments in property, plant, and equipment, as well as working capital such as inventory and accounts rece...read more

The first step to stop a hazard is to identify it and assess the situation.

• Identify the hazard and its potential risks

• Assess the situation and determine the appropriate response

• Implement control measures to minimize or eliminate the hazard

• Communicate the hazard and response plan to others in the area

• Regularly review and update hazard assessments and response plans

HR practices, labor laws, sports matters, and financial matters are key areas of focus for a Senior HRM Manager.

• HR practices: Recruitment, training, performance management, employee relations

• Labor laws: Understanding and compliance with employment laws and regulations

• Sports matters: Employee wellness programs, sports events, team building activities

• Financial matters: Budgeting, compensation and benefits management, financial planning

Pipe fit up should be checked for proper alignment, gap, and cleanliness.

• Check for proper alignment of pipes

• Ensure there is no gap between the pipes

• Inspect for cleanliness of the pipes

• Verify that the pipes are properly supported

• Check for any defects or damages in the pipes

My strengths include adaptability, problem-solving, and communication.

• Adaptability: I am able to adjust to new situations and environments quickly. For example, when I started a new job in a different industry, I was able to learn the necessary skills and adapt to the new work environment within a few weeks.

• Problem-solving: I am able to analyze complex problems and come up with effective solutions. For instance, when my team was faced with a difficult project, I was able to b...read more

Sunk cost refers to the cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered.

• Sunk cost is a past cost that is irrelevant to future decision-making.

• It is important to ignore sunk costs when making decisions.

• Examples of sunk costs include money spent on non-refundable tickets or investments that have already lost value.

Sec 194Q refers to the provision under the Income Tax Act that requires buyers to deduct TDS on purchase of goods above a specified threshold.

• Sec 194Q is a provision under the Income Tax Act of India.

• It requires buyers to deduct tax at source (TDS) on purchase of goods.

• The provision applies to buyers whose total turnover exceeds a specified threshold.

• The threshold for applicability is INR 50 crores in the previous financial year.

• Buyers need to deduct TDS at the rate of 0.1% o...read more

The unit of power is the watt (W).

• The unit of power is the watt (W)

• Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred

• 1 watt is equal to 1 joule per second

• Common examples of power units include kilowatts (kW) and horsepower (hp)

Visual test involves using the naked eye to inspect a surface or material for defects or irregularities.

• Ensure proper lighting and angle for optimal visibility

• Look for cracks, corrosion, discoloration, or other abnormalities

• Compare with reference standards or previous inspections

• Use magnifying glasses or borescopes for closer examination

• Document findings and report any issues