Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances with a definite chemical composition, while metals are a type of mineral that have high electrical conductivity and luster.

• Minerals are inorganic substances found in nature, while metals are a subset of minerals with specific properties.

• Metals have high electrical conductivity, malleability, and luster, distinguishing them from other minerals.

• Examples of metals incl...read more

Sponge iron is a metallic product produced through the direct reduction of iron ore in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines.

• Sponge iron is also known as direct reduced iron (DRI).

• It is produced by removing oxygen from iron ore through a chemical reaction using natural gas or coal as a reducing agent.

• Sponge iron is used as a raw material in the production of steel through the electric arc furnace (EAF) or basic oxygen f

WHRB in rotary kiln stands for Waste Heat Recovery Boiler, which is used to recover heat from the exhaust gases of the kiln.

• WHRB is a type of boiler that captures and reuses the heat energy from the exhaust gases of a rotary kiln.

• It helps in improving the overall energy efficiency of the kiln operation.

• The recovered heat can be used for various purposes such as preheating combustion air or generating steam for power ge...read more

Iron smelting process is a method of extracting iron from its ore using heat and reducing agents.

• Iron ore is heated in a blast furnace with coke (carbon) and limestone as reducing agents.

• The coke burns to produce carbon monoxide, which reacts with the iron ore to release the iron metal.

• The limestone helps to remove impurities from the iron ore, forming slag as a byproduct.

• The molten iron is then collected at the bottom...read more

PSI stands for Pounds per Square Inch, a unit of pressure measurement commonly used in engineering and physics.

• PSI is used to measure pressure in various systems, such as in pneumatic tools, hydraulic systems, and air compressors.

• 1 PSI is equal to 0.068046 atmospheres or 6,894.76 Pascals.

• For example, a car tire may require inflation to 32 PSI for optimal performance.

Firing strokes position refers to the position of the firing strokes in an engine.

• Firing strokes position is crucial for the proper functioning of the engine.

• The firing order of the engine determines the position of the firing strokes.

• Incorrect firing strokes position can lead to engine misfires or damage.

• Common firing orders include 1-3-4-2 for a 4-cylinder engine and 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2 for a V8 engine.

To work a hydraulic pump, you need to understand its components and operation.

• Understand the basic components of a hydraulic pump such as the inlet, outlet, and pistons.

• Ensure the pump is properly connected to a power source and the hydraulic system.

• Monitor the pump's pressure and flow rate to ensure optimal performance.

• Regularly check and maintain the pump to prevent any malfunctions or breakdowns.

• Examples: Gear pump,

A torque gun is a tool used to apply torque to fasteners such as nuts and bolts.

• Ensure the torque gun is set to the correct torque value for the fastener being tightened.

• Hold the torque gun perpendicular to the fastener and apply pressure while pulling the trigger.

• Listen for the click or beep indicating the desired torque has been reached.

• Do not over-tighten the fastener as it can cause damage.

• Regularly calibrate and m

Coalesce is a function used to return the first non-null value in a list of expressions.

• Coalesce function is commonly used in SQL to handle null values.

• It takes multiple arguments and returns the first non-null value.

• Example: COALESCE(column1, column2, 'default') will return the value of column1 if not null, else column2, and if both are null, it will return 'default'.

Repartition is the process of redistributing data across partitions in a distributed system.

• Repartitioning helps in balancing the workload and improving performance in distributed computing environments.

• It involves moving data between partitions based on certain criteria such as key values or hash functions.

• Repartitioning can be done in Spark using operations like repartition() or coalesce().

A non repeatable character is a character that appears only once in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and count the frequency of each character

• Identify the characters that have a frequency of 1

• Return the first non repeatable character found

Sort list without using sort method

• Create a custom sorting function using loops

• Compare each element with every other element to determine the correct order

• Swap elements based on the comparison results