Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Project Associate Interview Questions and Answers

Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances with a definite chemical composition, while metals are a type of mineral that have high electrical conductivity and luster.

• Minerals are inorganic substances found in nature, while metals are a subset of minerals with specific properties.

• Metals have high electrical conductivity, malleability, and luster, distinguishing them from other minerals.

• Examples of metals incl...read more

Sponge iron is a metallic product produced through the direct reduction of iron ore in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines.

• Sponge iron is also known as direct reduced iron (DRI).

• It is produced by removing oxygen from iron ore through a chemical reaction using natural gas or coal as a reducing agent.

• Sponge iron is used as a raw material in the production of steel through the electric arc furnace (EAF) or basic oxygen f

WHRB in rotary kiln stands for Waste Heat Recovery Boiler, which is used to recover heat from the exhaust gases of the kiln.

• WHRB is a type of boiler that captures and reuses the heat energy from the exhaust gases of a rotary kiln.

• It helps in improving the overall energy efficiency of the kiln operation.

• The recovered heat can be used for various purposes such as preheating combustion air or generating steam for power ge...read more

Iron smelting process is a method of extracting iron from its ore using heat and reducing agents.

• Iron ore is heated in a blast furnace with coke (carbon) and limestone as reducing agents.

• The coke burns to produce carbon monoxide, which reacts with the iron ore to release the iron metal.

• The limestone helps to remove impurities from the iron ore, forming slag as a byproduct.

• The molten iron is then collected at the bottom...read more