20+ Research Fellow Interview Questions and Answers

Yes, polychromatic X-ray sources can be used in X-ray diffraction experiments.

• Polychromatic X-ray sources can be used in X-ray diffraction experiments to obtain a wide range of diffraction angles.

• The use of polychromatic X-rays can result in overlapping diffraction peaks, making it difficult to interpret the data.

• Monochromatic X-ray sources are preferred for X-ray diffraction experiments as they provide sharper and more distinct diffraction peaks.

• Polychromatic X-ray sources a...read more

MOSFETs are voltage-controlled transistors used for switching and amplifying electronic signals.

• MOSFET stands for Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor.

• It has three terminals: Gate, Drain, and Source.

• The Gate terminal controls the flow of current between Drain and Source.

• When a voltage is applied to the Gate, it creates an electric field that allows current to flow.

• MOSFETs are widely used in digital circuits, such as microprocessors and memory devices.

The dielectric constant is measured by applying an electric field to a material and measuring the resulting polarization.

• Dielectric constant is a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field.

• It is determined by comparing the capacitance of a capacitor with the material as the dielectric to the capacitance of the same capacitor with a vacuum as the dielectric.

• The dielectric constant is calculated as the ratio of the capacitance with the mater...read more

Yes, I have hands-on experience in PCR, electrophoresis, and molecular biology techniques.

• Performed PCR amplification of DNA samples in a research lab

• Ran electrophoresis gels to analyze DNA fragments

• Conducted molecular cloning experiments to insert DNA sequences into plasmids

2D electron gas refers to a system of electrons confined to move in a two-dimensional plane.

• It is formed when electrons are confined to a thin layer or interface between two materials.

• The electrons in a 2D electron gas exhibit unique quantum mechanical properties.

• It is often studied in the field of condensed matter physics.

• Applications include the development of high-speed transistors and quantum devices.

The major problem in Bihar is poverty and lack of development.

• Poverty is rampant in Bihar with a poverty rate of 33.7% in 2020.

• Lack of development in infrastructure, education, and healthcare.

• High crime rate and corruption are also major issues in Bihar.

• Frequent floods and droughts affect the agricultural sector and livelihoods of people.

• Migration of people to other states in search of better opportunities.

• Poor governance and political instability.

• Caste-based discrimination a...read more

The electric field due to an infinitely charged plane is uniform and perpendicular to the plane.

• The electric field is independent of the distance from the plane.

• The electric field lines are parallel and equally spaced.

• The electric field strength is proportional to the surface charge density of the plane.

• The direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the plane.

• The electric field can be calculated using the formula E = σ/2ε0, where σ is the surface charge density and ε...read more

My specialization is in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning.

• I have expertise in developing and implementing machine learning algorithms for various applications.

• I have worked on natural language processing, computer vision, and predictive modeling.

• I have experience in programming languages such as Python, R, and Java.

• I have published research papers in top-tier conferences and journals in the field.

• I have also mentored students and collaborated with indu...read more

Conductivity in semiconductor materials refers to their ability to conduct electricity.

• Semiconductors have a conductivity between that of conductors and insulators.

• Conductivity can be increased by doping the semiconductor with impurities.

• The conductivity of semiconductors can also be affected by temperature.

• Examples of semiconductor materials include silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide.

SST stands for Sea Surface Temperature. An inductor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field.

• SST refers to the temperature of the top millimeter of the ocean's surface.

• Inductors are commonly used in electronic circuits to store and release energy in the form of magnetic fields.

• The unit of inductance is the Henry (H).

• Examples of inductors include coils of wire and ferrite core inductors.

Downstream process refers to the steps involved in the purification and processing of a product after it has been produced.

• Involves purification and processing of a product

• Includes steps such as filtration, chromatography, and drying

• Goal is to isolate and purify the desired product

• Important in industries like pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and food processing

An affine matrix represents linear transformations including translation, scaling, rotation, and shearing in a coordinate space.

• An affine matrix is typically a 2x3 or 3x3 matrix used in 2D and 3D transformations.

• It combines linear transformations (like rotation and scaling) with translation.

• For example, a 2D affine transformation can be represented as: [[a, b, tx], [c, d, ty]] where (tx, ty) is the translation.

• In 3D, an affine matrix is a 4x4 matrix that includes depth transf...read more

HPLC Principle is a technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase.

• HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography

• It involves passing a liquid sample through a column packed with a stationary phase material

• Different components in the sample interact differently with the stationary phase, leading to separation

• The separated components are detected and quantified as they elu...read more

My research areas have primarily focused on environmental sustainability, renewable energy, and climate change.

• Environmental sustainability

• Renewable energy

• Climate change

The Tavis-Cummings model describes the interaction between light and matter in quantum optics, focusing on multiple two-level systems.

• The model extends the Jaynes-Cummings model to multiple atoms or two-level systems interacting with a single mode of the electromagnetic field.

• It is used to study phenomena like superradiance, where multiple atoms emit light coherently, enhancing the overall emission.

• The Hamiltonian of the Tavis-Cummings model includes terms for the coupling be...read more

Dyes are used in RT PCR to visualize and quantify the amplification of DNA fragments.

• Dyes are fluorescent molecules that bind to double-stranded DNA during PCR amplification.

• They allow for real-time monitoring of the amplification process.

• Common dyes used include SYBR Green and TaqMan probes.

• SYBR Green binds to any double-stranded DNA, while TaqMan probes are specific to the target sequence.

Genes in MTB and NTM are important for understanding drug resistance and virulence.

• Genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) play a crucial role in drug resistance mechanisms.

• Understanding the genetic differences between MTB and NTM can help in developing targeted therapies.

• Examples of important genes include those involved in cell wall synthesis, efflux pumps, and drug metabolism.