40+ Interview Questions and Answers

To make the red fishes 98%, 50 fishes have to be removed from the aquarium.

• Calculate 1% of 200 fishes to find out how many fishes represent 1%.

• Multiply the result by 2 to find out how many fishes represent 2%.

• Subtract the result from 200 to find out how many fishes represent 98%.

3G, 4G and 5G bands differ in terms of speed, frequency, and latency.

• 3G operates on frequencies between 850 MHz to 2100 MHz with a maximum speed of 2 Mbps.

• 4G operates on frequencies between 700 MHz to 2600 MHz with a maximum speed of 100 Mbps.

• 5G operates on frequencies between 24 GHz to 100 GHz with a maximum speed of 20 Gbps.

• 5G has lower latency than 4G, which means faster response times.

• 5G also has the ability to support more devices per square kilometer than 4G.

• 5G uses adv...read more

Use parallel processing, cache optimization, and matrix partitioning for efficient matrix multiplication of huge matrices.

• Utilize parallel processing techniques such as multi-threading or GPU acceleration to distribute the workload and speed up computation.

• Implement cache optimization strategies to minimize cache misses and improve memory access efficiency.

• Divide the matrices into smaller submatrices and perform matrix multiplication on these smaller blocks to reduce memory u...read more

Integration of sites involves identifying the systems to be integrated, defining the data flow, and implementing the integration process.

• Identify the systems to be integrated

• Define the data flow between the systems

• Choose the appropriate integration method (API, ETL, etc.)

• Develop and test the integration process

• Deploy the integration process and monitor for errors

• Ensure data security and compliance

• Provide ongoing support and maintenance

Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and sensitive information from unauthorized access, theft, or damage.

• It involves implementing measures to prevent cyber attacks and data breaches

• It includes using firewalls, antivirus software, and encryption techniques

• It also involves educating users about safe online practices and creating strong passwords

• Examples of cyber attacks include phishing, malware, and ransomware

• Cybersecurity is importan...read more

Markdown is a lightweight markup language used for formatting text. Git and GitLab are version control systems. RestructuredText is a markup language used for technical documentation.

• Markdown is used to format text on websites and in documentation

• Git and GitLab are version control systems used for managing code

• RestructuredText is a markup language used for technical documentation in Python projects

Huawei can become the market leader by focusing on key technical parameters such as 5G, AI, and IoT.

• Invest in research and development of 5G technology

• Integrate AI capabilities into their products and services

• Develop IoT solutions for various industries

• Provide excellent customer service and support

• Partner with other companies to expand their reach and offerings

I have experience parallelizing transformers by splitting them across multiple devices to minimize latency.

• I have utilized frameworks like TensorFlow and PyTorch to parallelize transformers.

• I approach splitting transformers by dividing the input data into chunks and distributing them across devices.

• I optimize communication overhead by minimizing data transfer between devices.

• I leverage techniques like data parallelism and model parallelism to efficiently parallelize transform...read more

Call flow process is the sequence of steps followed during a phone call.

• Call initiation by dialing the number

• Call routing to the appropriate network

• Ring tone at the receiver end

• Answering the call

• Conversation between the parties

• Call termination by either party

MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a protocol used in high-performance telecommunications networks to direct data packets along predefined paths.

• MPLS is used to improve network performance by efficiently routing data packets based on labels instead of IP addresses.

• It is commonly used in scenarios where quality of service (QoS) and traffic engineering are important, such as in large enterprise networks or service provider networks.

• MPLS can be used to create virtual privat...read more

WDM stands for Wavelength Division Multiplexing, a technology used in fiber optic communication to transmit multiple signals simultaneously.

• WDM is a technique that combines multiple optical signals onto a single fiber by using different wavelengths of light.

• It increases the capacity and efficiency of fiber optic networks.

• Looping refers to the process of connecting a cable or circuit back to itself, often used for testing or troubleshooting purposes.

• SDH (Synchronous Digital Hi...read more

I am proficient in data entry, file management, troubleshooting computer issues, and operating office equipment.

• Data entry

• File management

• Troubleshooting computer issues

• Operating office equipment

Further optimize by fine-tuning hyperparameters, improving data preprocessing, implementing more advanced algorithms, and parallelizing computations.

• Fine-tune hyperparameters using techniques like grid search or random search.

• Improve data preprocessing by handling missing values, scaling features, and encoding categorical variables.

• Implement more advanced algorithms such as ensemble methods like Random Forest or Gradient Boosting.

• Parallelize computations using tools like Spar...read more

Distributed computing involves breaking down tasks into smaller parts and distributing them across multiple computers for faster processing.

• Distributed systems allow for parallel processing of tasks, improving efficiency and scalability.

• Topics include distributed file systems (e.g. HDFS), distributed databases (e.g. Cassandra), and distributed computing frameworks (e.g. Apache Spark).

• Consistency, fault tolerance, and communication protocols are key considerations in distribut...read more

Hybrid cloud offers flexibility and cost savings but comes with integration challenges and security concerns.

• Benefits include flexibility to choose where to host workloads based on requirements, cost savings by utilizing public cloud for non-sensitive data, and improved disaster recovery capabilities.

• Challenges include integration complexities between on-premises and cloud environments, potential security risks due to data transfer between environments, and the need for speci...read more

TCP/IP is a protocol used for communication over the internet. UDP is a connectionless protocol. OSPF is a routing protocol.

• TCP/IP is a suite of communication protocols used for transmitting data over the internet.

• UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not establish a dedicated end-to-end connection.

• OSPF is a routing protocol used to determine the best path for data to travel in a network.

• TCP/IP and UDP are transport layer protocols, while OSPF is a network layer protocol...read more

Inheritance is a mechanism in OOP where a class inherits properties and behaviors from another class. Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. Virtual constructor is a constructor that can be overridden in a derived class.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class.

• Polymorphism enables objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Virtual constructor i...read more

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or component to determine if it satisfies specified requirements.

• Testing is done to identify defects or errors in software or hardware.

• It involves executing a system or component with the intent of finding bugs or verifying its functionality.

• Testing can be performed at various levels such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Different types of testing include functional testing, performance ...read more

Three different INTER_AS solutions and their advantages and disadvantages

• Option 1: Option A - Advantages: Scalability, Disadvantages: Complexity

• Option 2: Option B - Advantages: Simplicity, Disadvantages: Limited scalability

• Option 3: Option C - Advantages: Flexibility, Disadvantages: Potential security risks

To troubleshoot network problems, the 'ping' command is commonly used.

• Use 'ping' command to check connectivity between devices

• Check for packet loss and latency with 'ping'

• Use 'traceroute' command to identify network hops and latency issues

Memory leaks in frameworks can be fixed by identifying and removing the root cause of the leak.

• Identify the source of the leak using memory profiling tools

• Analyze the code to find the root cause of the leak

• Fix the code by releasing unused memory or optimizing memory usage

• Test the framework thoroughly to ensure the leak has been fixed

Testing is done to ensure that the software meets the requirements and is of high quality.

• To identify defects and errors in the software

• To ensure that the software meets the specified requirements

• To improve the quality of the software

• To increase customer satisfaction

• To reduce the risk of software failure

• To ensure that the software is reliable and secure

Debugging with gdb involves setting breakpoints, stepping through code, inspecting variables, and analyzing memory.

• Set breakpoints at specific lines of code using 'break' command

• Step through code using 'next' or 'step' commands

• Inspect variables using 'print' command

• Analyze memory using 'x' command

• Use 'continue' command to resume execution

Optimization is the process of finding the best solution to a problem within given constraints.

• Optimization involves maximizing or minimizing a certain objective function.

• It often involves finding the optimal values for variables in a mathematical model.

• Common optimization techniques include linear programming, genetic algorithms, and gradient descent.

• Examples include optimizing production schedules to minimize costs or maximizing profits.

• Optimization is used in various field...read more

Covid 19 has had a significant impact on India.

• India has reported a high number of Covid cases and deaths.

• The pandemic has affected the economy, leading to job losses and reduced income.

• The healthcare system has been overwhelmed, with shortages of hospital beds, oxygen, and medicines.

• The government has implemented lockdowns and other measures to control the spread of the virus.

• Vaccination efforts have been ramped up, but there are still challenges in reaching all segments of ...read more

International MT messages flow through a series of steps involving message creation, routing, transmission, and delivery.

• The message is created by the sender using a messaging application or platform.

• The message is then routed to the appropriate gateway or operator for transmission.

• The message is transmitted through the operator's network to the recipient's operator.

• The recipient's operator delivers the message to the recipient's device.

• Delivery reports may be sent back to th...read more

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol. It is a network protocol used to prevent loops in Ethernet networks.

• STP is used to create a loop-free logical topology in a network.

• It works by selecting a root bridge and calculating the shortest path to reach each network segment.

• STP uses Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) to exchange information between switches.

• It identifies and blocks redundant paths to avoid broadcast storms and network congestion.

• STP operates at the Data Link Layer...read more

IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS are different cloud service models. IaaS provides virtualized computing resources, PaaS offers a platform for developing and deploying applications, and SaaS delivers software over the internet.

• IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) - provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, such as virtual servers, storage, and networking. Examples include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform.

• PaaS (Platform as a Service) - offe...read more

VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) is a network protocol that provides automatic failover for routers in a network.

• VRRP allows multiple routers to work together as a virtual router, providing redundancy and high availability.

• It uses a virtual IP address that can be shared among the routers, with one router acting as the master and others as backups.

• If the master router fails, one of the backup routers takes over the virtual IP address and becomes the new master.

• VRRP op...read more

There are approximately 4.3 billion IPv4 addresses and 340 undecillion IPv6 addresses.

• There are approximately 4.3 billion IPv4 addresses.

• IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers, allowing for a total of 2^32 addresses.

• There are 340 undecillion IPv6 addresses.

• IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers, allowing for a total of 2^128 addresses.

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model.

• It helps in understanding how different networking protocols work together.

• The seven layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has specific functions and communicates with the adjacent layers.

• For example, HTTP operates at the ...read more

I'm sorry, but I cannot answer that question as I do not have information about your company.

A call/SMS works by transmitting data through a cellular network to the recipient's device.

• When a call is made, the voice is converted into digital data and transmitted through the cellular network to the recipient's device.

• When an SMS is sent, the message is also converted into digital data and transmitted through the cellular network to the recipient's device.

• The cellular network uses radio waves to transmit the data between the devices.

• The recipient's device receives the d...read more

To improve the business, focus on increasing sales, expanding customer base, improving customer satisfaction, and implementing effective marketing strategies.

• Increase sales by targeting new markets and customers

• Expand customer base by offering personalized services and incentives

• Improve customer satisfaction by providing excellent customer support and addressing their needs

• Implement effective marketing strategies such as social media campaigns and collaborations with influenc...read more

Design an interruptible power supply for a booster

• Determine power requirements of the booster

• Select appropriate battery capacity and type

• Design circuit with automatic switch-over to battery power during power outage

• Include surge protection and voltage regulation

• Test the system for reliability and efficiency

VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network and is used to logically separate a network into smaller segments.

• VLANs are used to improve network performance and security.

• They allow for better network management and easier troubleshooting.

• VLANs can be configured on switches and routers.

• Examples of VLANs include separating guest and employee networks or separating different departments within a company.

RESTful api is an architectural style for designing networked applications.

• REST stands for Representational State Transfer

• Uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE

• Resources are identified by URIs

• Stateless communication between client and server

• Responses are typically in JSON or XML format

A media player design framework should prioritize user experience, ease of use, and accessibility.

• Include intuitive controls for playback, volume, and playlist management

• Ensure compatibility with a variety of media formats

• Consider incorporating features such as equalizer settings and visualizations

• Design for accessibility with options for closed captioning and audio descriptions

• Prioritize a clean and visually appealing interface

General work principles for a Transmission Engineer

• Understanding of electrical systems and components

• Knowledge of transmission line design and maintenance

• Ability to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues

• Adherence to safety regulations and protocols

• Effective communication with team members and stakeholders

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven layers.

• The OSI model is used to understand and describe how different network protocols and technologies interact with each other.

• Each layer in the OSI model has a specific function and communicates with the layers above and below it.

• The seven layers of the OSI model are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and...read more

I am currently earning a competitive salary and my expectations are aligned with the responsibilities and market standards for the Deputy General Manager role.

• My current CTC is in line with industry standards for a professional at my level.

• I have researched the market and have a clear understanding of the salary range for the Deputy General Manager position.

• Considering my experience, skills, and the level of responsibility associated with the role, my salary expectations are ...read more

Websocket is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex communication channels over a single TCP connection.

• Websocket allows for real-time, two-way communication between a client and a server.

• It is commonly used in web applications for features like live chat, real-time updates, and online gaming.

• Websocket connections are initiated through a handshake process and can be kept open for as long as needed.

• Popular libraries for working with websockets include Socket.IO, ws...read more

Sorting an array of strings using Python code

• Use the sorted() function to sort the array of strings

• You can specify the key parameter to sort based on a specific criteria

• You can also use the sort() method to sort the array in place

Test types include functional, non-functional, regression, integration, acceptance, and performance testing.

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the specified requirements.

• Non-functional testing checks the software's performance, usability, and security.

• Regression testing ensures that changes to the software do not affect existing functionality.

• Integration testing checks if different modules of the software work together.

• Acceptance testing ensures that the software...read more

Types of testing include functional, non-functional, manual, automated, regression, performance, and security testing.

• Functional testing ensures that the software meets the specified requirements.

• Non-functional testing checks the software's performance, usability, and security.

• Manual testing involves human testers executing test cases.

• Automated testing uses tools to run tests and compare actual results with expected results.

• Regression testing checks if changes to the software...read more