Huawei Technologies Packet Core Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

GSM architecture includes multiple layers of OSI model for connectivity. Each layer has a specific function.

• GSM architecture consists of physical, data link, network, transport, and application layers.

• Physical layer handles the transmission of bits over the air interface.

• Data link layer provides error-free transmission of data frames.

• Network layer handles routing and addressing of data packets.

• Transport layer ensures r...read more

Modulation techniques are used to encode information onto a carrier signal for transmission over a communication channel.

• Modulation techniques vary in terms of the type of carrier signal used (analog or digital), the type of modulation (amplitude, frequency, phase), and the complexity of the modulation scheme.

• Examples of modulation techniques include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulatio...read more

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a network protocol that assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DHCP automates the process of assigning IP addresses to devices on a network.

• It helps to avoid IP address conflicts and makes it easier to manage a large network.

• DHCP also provides other network configuration information, such as subnet mask and default gateway.

• Without DHCP, network administra...read more

GSM and CDMA are two different technologies used in mobile communication.

• GSM uses SIM cards while CDMA does not.

• GSM allows for easy switching of phones while CDMA does not.

• GSM has better international roaming capabilities than CDMA.

• CDMA has better call quality and network capacity than GSM.

• GSM is more widely used globally while CDMA is mostly used in the US and parts of Asia.

NOC team monitors and maintains network infrastructure to ensure smooth operations.

• Monitor network performance and troubleshoot issues

• Maintain network infrastructure and ensure uptime

• Respond to alerts and incidents in a timely manner

• Collaborate with other teams to resolve complex issues

• Document network changes and maintain network documentation

• Implement network security measures

• Provide technical support to end-users

ITIL fundamentals are a set of best practices for IT service management.

• ITIL stands for Information Technology Infrastructure Library

• It includes processes for service strategy, design, transition, operation, and continual improvement

• ITIL helps organizations align their IT services with business needs and improve efficiency

• Examples of ITIL processes include incident management, problem management, and change management

HLR, VLR, AuC, EIR are components of a mobile network that handle subscriber information and authentication.

• HLR (Home Location Register) stores subscriber information and location data

• VLR (Visitor Location Register) stores temporary subscriber information when they roam outside their home network

• AuC (Authentication Center) stores authentication and encryption keys for subscribers

• EIR (Equipment Identity Register) stores...read more

BGP is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different networks on the internet.

• BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol.

• It is used to connect different autonomous systems (AS) on the internet.

• BGP is a path-vector protocol, which means it selects the best path for data to travel based on a number of factors such as shortest path, least number of hops, etc.

• BGP is used by internet service provider...read more

MPLS stands for Multiprotocol Label Switching, a protocol used for efficient data transfer in telecommunications networks.

• MPLS is a routing technique that uses labels to forward data packets.

• It allows for faster and more efficient data transfer by reducing the time it takes for a packet to reach its destination.

• MPLS is commonly used in large-scale networks such as those used by internet service providers.

• It can be used...read more

CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check. It is an error-detecting code used in network communication to ensure data integrity.

• CRC is a mathematical algorithm that generates a fixed-size checksum for a block of data.

• The checksum is appended to the data and is recalculated at the receiving end to check for errors.

• If the calculated checksum doesn't match the received checksum, it indicates that the data has been corrupted ...read more

Default loopback IP address is 127.0.0.1 and private IPs are reserved for internal networks.

• Default loopback IP address is used to test network software without connecting to a network.

• Private IPs are reserved for internal networks and cannot be accessed from the internet.

• Private IP ranges include 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.

To configure DHCP in a router through CMD, use the 'ip dhcp pool' command and specify the network and default gateway.

• Open CMD and access the router's CLI

• Enter 'enable' to access privileged mode

• Enter 'configure terminal' to enter global configuration mode

• Enter 'ip dhcp pool [pool name]' to create a DHCP pool

• Specify the network and default gateway using the 'network' and 'default-router' commands

• Exit configuration mode ...read more

To configure VLAN in a router through CMD, use the 'vlan' command and specify the VLAN ID and name.

• Open CMD and connect to the router's console

• Enter 'enable' to access privileged mode

• Enter 'configure terminal' to enter global configuration mode

• Enter 'vlan [VLAN ID]' to create the VLAN

• Enter 'name [VLAN name]' to assign a name to the VLAN

• Exit configuration mode by entering 'exit'

• Save the configuration by entering 'write ...read more

To check IP route through CMD, use the 'route print' command.

• Open Command Prompt

• Type 'route print' and press Enter

• The IP route table will be displayed

• You can filter the results using various parameters like destination IP, interface, etc.

4G parameters in KPI are key performance indicators that measure the performance of a 4G network.

• 4G parameters in KPI include metrics such as signal strength, signal quality, throughput, latency, and handover success rate.

• These parameters help assess the overall performance and quality of a 4G network.

• For example, signal strength is measured in dBm and indicates the power level of the received signal.

• Throughput measure...read more

SINR stands for Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio, a measure of signal quality in wireless communication.

• SINR is a ratio of the desired signal power to the interference and noise power.

• It is used to evaluate the quality of a wireless signal in a given environment.

• Higher SINR values indicate better signal quality and stronger signal-to-noise ratio.

• SINR is commonly used in cellular networks to optimize network perf