40+ Interview Questions and Answers

Solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun.

• Solar wind is composed of electrons, protons, and alpha particles.

• It can have speeds ranging from 250 to 800 km/s.

• Solar wind can cause auroras and geomagnetic storms on Earth.

• It can also affect satellite and spacecraft operations.

• Solar wind is influenced by the Sun's magnetic field and can vary in intensity.

• It is a key factor in space weather and space exploration.

SNMP is the protocol used for monitoring network devices.

• SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol

• It is used to manage and monitor network devices such as routers, switches, servers, etc.

• SNMP allows network administrators to collect information about network performance, usage, and errors.

• Examples of SNMP monitoring tools include Nagios, Zabbix, and PRTG Network Monitor.

Technical Specialist interview questions on HANA replication, fencing, migration, minimizing downtime, and export/import files.

• HANA replication is the process of copying data from one HANA system to another.

• Fencing is a mechanism to prevent split-brain scenarios in a high-availability setup.

• Near zero downtime technique involves careful planning and execution to minimize downtime during system upgrades or migrations.

• Migration process involves moving data from one system to ano...read more

The reason for a database coming online late after restarting SQL server could be due to various factors such as large database size, heavy transactional activity, or insufficient server resources.

• Large database size can result in longer recovery time during startup.

• Heavy transactional activity can delay the recovery process.

• Insufficient server resources like CPU, memory, or disk I/O can slow down the startup process.

• Other factors like network issues or conflicts with other s...read more

To reduce/extend size of a lvm partition, use lvresize command.

• Use lvresize command with appropriate options to reduce/extend the size of a lvm partition.

• To reduce the size, use the option --resizefs to resize the file system as well.

• To extend the size, use the option --resizefs only if the file system supports online resizing.

• Example: lvresize --resizefs --size -2G /dev/vg01/lv01 to reduce by 2GB.

• Example: lvresize --resizefs --size +2G /dev/vg01/lv01 to extend by 2GB.

To troubleshoot a Mac that is not powering on, start by checking the power source and connections.

• Check if the power source is working properly

• Check if the power cable is properly connected to the Mac

• Try resetting the SMC (System Management Controller)

• Try resetting the PRAM (Parameter RAM)

• Check if there are any hardware issues such as a faulty battery or power supply

• Try booting the Mac in Safe Mode

STP is a protocol used to prevent network loops. HSRP is a protocol used for redundancy. RSTP is an updated version of STP.

• STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol

• HSRP stands for Hot Standby Router Protocol

• RSTP stands for Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

• STP prevents network loops by blocking redundant paths

• HSRP provides redundancy by allowing multiple routers to share a virtual IP address

• RSTP is an updated version of STP that provides faster convergence times

• VTP stands for VLAN Trun...read more

Traffic flow between different networks can be explained using a diagram.

• Traffic flows between networks through routers or gateways.

• Each network has its own unique IP address range.

• Routing protocols are used to determine the best path for traffic to take.

• Firewalls can be used to control and filter traffic between networks.

• Examples of different networks include LAN, WAN, and the internet.

Change management flow involves planning, implementing, and monitoring changes to ensure successful adoption.

• Identify the need for change and create a change request

• Evaluate the impact of the change on stakeholders and systems

• Develop a change management plan including communication and training

• Implement the change and monitor its progress

• Review and assess the change to ensure objectives are met

• Update documentation and templates as needed

• Example: Changing a software template t...read more

Azure offers various pass services for different purposes.

• Azure App Service - for web and mobile app development

• Azure Functions - for serverless computing

• Azure Logic Apps - for workflow automation

• Azure Event Grid - for event-driven architectures

• Azure API Management - for API management and publishing

• Azure Stream Analytics - for real-time data streaming and analytics

Our infrastructure for SEPM tool includes a centralized server, multiple clients, and regular updates.

• We have a dedicated server for SEPM that manages all the clients

• We regularly update the tool to ensure the latest security features

• We have multiple clients across different departments and locations

• We have implemented policies to ensure proper usage and security of the tool

• We have a backup system in place to prevent data loss in case of any issues

Server and endpoint security and patch update require detailed analysis to ensure protection against vulnerabilities.

• Perform regular vulnerability assessments to identify potential security risks.

• Implement strong access controls and authentication mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access.

• Utilize intrusion detection and prevention systems to monitor and block malicious activities.

• Regularly update and patch server and endpoint software to address known vulnerabilities.

• Implemen...read more

Service request is a formal request for help or support, while an incident is an unplanned interruption to a service.

• Service request is a formal request for help or support from users or customers

• Incident is an unplanned interruption to a service that causes a disruption

• Service requests are usually routine and can be planned in advance

• Incidents are unexpected and require immediate attention to restore service

• Examples: Service request - password reset, software installation. I...read more

TCP port no for BGP connection is 179.

• BGP uses TCP port 179 for establishing connections.

• This port is used for exchanging routing information between BGP routers.

• BGP is a protocol used for routing in large networks such as the internet.

I am a Technical Specialist with experience in various roles in previous companies.

• Previous company: ABC Tech - Role: Software Engineer

• Previous company: XYZ Solutions - Role: Systems Analyst

• Previous company: DEF Innovations - Role: Technical Lead

Resolved a major issue by identifying the root cause and implementing a solution

• Identified the root cause of the issue through thorough analysis

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to develop and implement a solution

• Conducted testing and validation to ensure the solution was effective

• Provided training and support to end-users to prevent future occurrences

IMA and FMA are two different types of instruction set architectures used in computer processors.

• IMA stands for Immediate Addressing Mode, where the operand is a constant value.

• FMA stands for Floating Point Multiply-Add, which is a type of instruction used in floating point arithmetic.

• IMA instructions are used for simple arithmetic operations, while FMA instructions are used for complex mathematical operations.

• IMA instructions are faster than FMA instructions, but FMA instruc...read more

NSSA is a type of OSPF area that allows external routes to be imported as Type 7 LSAs.

• NSSA stands for Not-So-Stubby Area

• It is used to connect stub areas to the OSPF backbone

• NSSA allows external routes to be imported as Type 7 LSAs, which are then translated to Type 5 LSAs by the ABR

• E1 and E2 routes are two types of external routes that can be imported into OSPF

• E1 routes have a metric that is added to the OSPF cost, while E2 routes have a fixed metric that is not affected by t...read more

Recovery mode is a troubleshooting mode in which a device is booted with minimal resources to fix issues.

• Recovery mode is used to fix software issues on devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers.

• It allows the user to access a limited set of tools and features to diagnose and fix problems.

• In recovery mode, the device may be able to perform tasks such as wiping the cache partition, factory resetting, or installing updates.

• To enter recovery mode, the user typically nee...read more

Switching & routing are key functions in networking. Switching directs data within a network, while routing determines the best path for data to travel.

• Switching involves forwarding data packets between devices on the same network segment.

• Routing involves determining the best path for data packets to travel between different networks.

• Switches operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model, while routers operate at Layer 3.

• Examples of switches include Ethernet switches, while examples of...read more

Host service is a software program that runs in the background and provides services to other programs or devices.

• Host service is responsible for managing and coordinating communication between different devices or programs.

• It can provide services such as file sharing, printing, and remote access.

• Examples of host services include Windows Remote Desktop, Apache web server, and FTP server.

• Host services can be run on a dedicated server or on a personal computer.

• They are essentia...read more

Threading is a way for a program to split itself into multiple simultaneous tasks, and threads share data through shared memory.

• Threading allows a program to perform multiple tasks concurrently

• Threads share data through shared memory, which can lead to race conditions if not properly synchronized

• Examples of threading in programming languages include Java's Thread class and Python's threading module

Creating an Azure VM involves several steps.

• Log in to the Azure portal

• Click on 'Create a resource'

• Search for 'Windows Server' or 'Linux' depending on your preference

• Select the appropriate image and size

• Configure networking and storage options

• Review and create the VM

• Wait for the VM to be created and deployed

Keyword and positional parameters are used in programming to pass arguments to functions.

• Keyword parameters allow arguments to be passed by name, making the code more readable and flexible.

• Positional parameters are passed based on their position in the function call.

• Example: def greet(name, age): print(f'Hello {name}, you are {age} years old.') greet(age=25, name='John')

• Example: def greet(name, age): print(f'Hello {name}, you are {age} years old.') greet('John', 25)

Windows Server versions differ in features, capabilities, and support.

• Different versions include Windows Server 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2019.

• Newer versions offer improved security, performance, and management tools.

• Each version may have different system requirements and licensing options.

• Features like Hyper-V virtualization, Active Directory, and Remote Desktop Services may vary.

• Support and updates also vary between versions.

Incident management is the process of identifying, analyzing, and resolving incidents to minimize their impact on business operations.

• It involves the systematic handling of incidents from their initial detection to their resolution.

• The goal is to restore normal service operation as quickly as possible and minimize the adverse effects on business processes.

• Incident management includes incident logging, categorization, prioritization, investigation, diagnosis, escalation, resol...read more

Firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic.

• Firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted, secure internal network and another network like the Internet.

• It can be hardware, software, or a combination of both.

• Firewall can be configured to allow or block specific traffic based on predefined security rules.

• Examples of firewalls include Cisco ASA, Fortinet FortiGate, and pfSense.

Priority is determined based on the urgency and importance of the task at hand.

• Urgency is determined by the deadline or time sensitivity of the task

• Importance is determined by the impact the task has on the overall goals and objectives

• Priority can also be influenced by the resources available and the level of risk involved

• Communication with stakeholders can also play a role in determining priority

Control statement of sort cards for Technical Specialist interview

• Use SORT FIELDS statement to specify the fields to sort on

• Use SORT statement to sort the input records based on specified fields

• Use OUTFIL statement to write the sorted records to output file

Test cases are scenarios designed to validate the functionality of a system, while a test plan outlines the approach, resources, and schedule for testing.

• Test cases are specific conditions or scenarios that are used to validate the functionality of a system.

• Test plans outline the approach, resources, and schedule for testing a system.

• Test cases are derived from requirements and are used to ensure that the system meets those requirements.

• Test plans include details such as test...read more

Comparing two tables and fetching records based on specified criteria.

• Identify common column(s) between the two tables

• Use JOIN operation to combine the tables based on the common column(s)

• Apply WHERE clause to filter records based on specified criteria

Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that uses tickets to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another in a secure manner.

• Kerberos is commonly used in Active Directory environments for authentication.

• It uses a Key Distribution Center (KDC) to issue tickets to users and services.

• Tickets are encrypted and can only be decrypted by the intended recipient.

• Kerberos helps prevent unauthorized access to network resources.

• Example:...read more

Tombstone scenario for an ad refers to when an ad is shown after the product or service being advertised is no longer available.

• Tombstone scenario occurs when an ad is displayed for a product or service that is no longer available for purchase.

• This can happen due to delays in updating ad campaigns or inventory changes.

• It can lead to a poor user experience and wasted ad spend.

• For example, showing an ad for a sold-out concert or a discontinued product.

Boot from Image option allows a computer to start up using an image file instead of a physical disk.

• Allows for quick and easy deployment of operating systems or software

• Useful for testing new configurations without affecting the main system

• Commonly used in virtual environments like VMWare or VirtualBox

The registry path of TLS1.0 is located in the Windows Registry under the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Protocols\TLS 1.0

• HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Protocols\TLS 1.0

• Look for the 'Enabled' DWORD value under the TLS 1.0 key to check if it is enabled or disabled

• TLS 1.0 can be disabled by setting the 'Enabled' value to 0

Notifications can be triggered by setting up event listeners and using a notification service.

• Set up event listeners for specific triggers such as user actions or system events

• Use a notification service like Firebase Cloud Messaging or Apple Push Notification Service to send the notification

• Include relevant information in the notification such as message, title, and action buttons

AWS is a cloud computing platform that provides a wide range of services for building and deploying applications.

• AWS offers services such as compute, storage, databases, and networking

• It allows for easy scalability and flexibility

• AWS also provides tools for monitoring, security, and management

• Examples of popular AWS services include EC2, S3, RDS, and Lambda

Negotiable based on job responsibilities, industry standards, and benefits package.

• Consider job responsibilities and required skills

• Research industry standards for similar positions

• Factor in benefits package such as healthcare, retirement plans, etc.

KEDB stands for Known Error Database, which is a repository of all known errors and their workarounds.

• KEDB is used in IT service management to improve incident management and problem management processes.

• It helps in identifying and resolving known errors quickly, reducing downtime and improving service quality.

• KEDB contains information about the root cause of the error, its symptoms, and the steps to resolve it.

• Examples of KEDB tools include ServiceNow, BMC Remedy, and Cherwe...read more

BGP has four states: Idle, Connect, OpenSent, and Established.

• Idle state is the initial state where BGP waits for a start event.

• Connect state is when BGP tries to establish a TCP connection with the peer.

• OpenSent state is when BGP sends an Open message to the peer.

• Established state is when BGP has successfully established a connection with the peer and can exchange routing information.

• BGP can transition between states based on events such as timers, messages, and errors.

SLA stands for Service Level Agreement, which is a contract between a service provider and a customer. TAT stands for Turnaround Time, which is the time taken to complete a task.

• SLA is a commitment between a service provider and a customer regarding the level of service expected.

• TAT is the time taken to complete a specific task or process.

• SLA often includes details such as response time, resolution time, and availability.

• TAT can vary depending on the nature of the task, urgen...read more

SGA and PGA are memory structures in Oracle database used for managing data and queries.

• SGA stands for System Global Area and is a shared memory region that stores data and control information for Oracle instance.

• PGA stands for Program Global Area and is a memory region that stores data and control information for a single user process.

• SGA includes shared pool, buffer cache, redo log buffer, large pool, and Java pool.

• PGA includes stack space, sort area, and session memory.

• SGA...read more

Histograms are graphical representations of data distribution using bars of different heights.

• Histograms show the frequency of data within specific intervals or bins.

• They are commonly used in statistics to analyze data distribution.

• Histograms can help identify outliers and patterns in data.

• Example: A histogram of student grades in a class can show the distribution of grades.

• Example: A histogram of the ages of people in a population can show the age distribution.

DNS resolves domain names to IP addresses, while DHCP assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DNS translates domain names to IP addresses

• DHCP dynamically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network

• DNS is used for name resolution, while DHCP is used for IP address management

VMware and Hyper-V are both virtualization platforms used to create and manage virtual machines.

• VMware is a virtualization software developed by VMware Inc.

• Hyper-V is a virtualization software developed by Microsoft.

• Both VMware and Hyper-V allow users to create and manage virtual machines on a single physical server.

• VMware uses ESXi hypervisor while Hyper-V uses Microsoft's own hypervisor technology.

• Both platforms offer features like live migration, high availability, and vir...read more

Patching process involves applying updates to software or systems to fix vulnerabilities and improve performance.

• Identify vulnerabilities in software or systems

• Develop patches to address vulnerabilities

• Test patches to ensure they do not cause any issues

• Deploy patches to the affected software or systems

• Verify that patches have been successfully applied

Active Directory is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks.

• Centralized database for managing network resources

• Stores information about users, computers, groups, etc.

• Allows for authentication and authorization within a network

• Enables single sign-on for users across multiple applications

• Supports group policies for managing security and access control