90+ Google Interview Questions and Answers

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React Hooks are a feature introduced in React 16.8 to manage state and lifecycle in functional components.

• React is used for creating reusable UI components

• React allows for efficient rendering and updating of components

• React Hooks provide a way to use state and other React features in functional components

• Hooks like useState and useEffect are commonly used in React applications

Designing a service layer for a highly scalable application requires careful consideration of architecture and technology choices.

• Use a microservices architecture to break down the application into smaller, more manageable components.

• Implement load balancing and auto-scaling to ensure that the service layer can handle high traffic volumes.

• Choose a technology stack that is well-suited to the specific needs of the application, such as high throughput or low latency.

• Implement ca...read more

Finally block will always execute, even if an exception is thrown in the try or catch block.

• Finally block is used to execute code that must always run, regardless of whether an exception was thrown or not.

• If an exception is thrown in the try or catch block, the finally block will still execute.

• Finally block is often used to release resources like file handles, database connections, etc.

Different types of joins are Inner Join, Left Join, Right Join, and Full Outer Join.

• Inner Join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Left Join returns all the rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right Join returns all the rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Full Outer Join returns all the rows from both tables, with NULL values in the columns where there is no match.

• Join types can be combined with other SQL cla...read more

Program to find student names against a subject using stream API

• Create a list of students with their subjects

• Use stream API to filter the list based on the subject

• Map the filtered list to get only the names of students

• Collect the names in a list or any other data structure

• Return the list of names

The different types of controllers in SAP CRM webui include Component Controller, View Controller, Context Controller, and Custom Controller.

• Component Controller: Controls the entire component and manages the context data.

• View Controller: Controls the layout and rendering of the UI elements.

• Context Controller: Manages the context data and communication between controllers.

• Custom Controller: Allows for custom logic and functionality to be implemented.

To test printer performance, check print speed, quality, and connectivity.

• Print a test page to check for print speed and quality.

• Print a large document to test for any potential jams or errors.

• Test connectivity by printing from different devices and checking for any connection issues.

• Check ink or toner levels and replace if necessary.

• Test different paper types and sizes to ensure compatibility.

• Check for any software updates or driver issues.

• Perform regular maintenance such as...read more

In case of delayed food delivery, the food delivery company should take prompt actions to rectify the situation and compensate the customer.

• Apologize to the customer for the delay and inconvenience caused.

• Offer a discount or a free meal to the customer as compensation.

• Ensure that the food is delivered as soon as possible and in good condition.

• Investigate the cause of the delay and take measures to prevent it from happening again.

• Maintain good communication with the customer t...read more

Different ways to implement and break Singleton pattern.

• Implement: Eager initialization, Lazy initialization, Thread-safe initialization, Bill Pugh Singleton Implementation

• Break: Reflection, Serialization/Deserialization, Cloning, Multithreading

• Example: Eager initialization - private static final Singleton instance = new Singleton();

• Example: Reflection - Constructor constructor = Singleton.class.getDeclaredConstructor(); constructor.setAccessible(true); Singleton instance2 = ...read more

Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.

• Redux is a library for managing application state

• It provides a predictable state container by enforcing a strict unidirectional data flow

• Redux can be used with any UI library or framework

• It is commonly used with React to manage state in complex applications

• Redux allows for easy debugging and testing of state changes

• Actions are dispatched to update the state, and reducers handle the updates

• Selectors can be used to retr...read more

intern() method of String returns a canonical representation of the string object.

• The intern() method returns a string that has the same contents as the original string, but is guaranteed to be from a pool of unique strings.

• This method is useful when comparing strings for equality as it compares the references instead of the contents.

• Example: String s1 = new String("hello"); String s2 = s1.intern(); // s2 will be from the string pool

Defect leakage is a serious issue. I would take immediate action to identify the root cause and implement corrective measures.

• Analyze the defect leakage data to identify the root cause

• Implement corrective measures to fix the issue

• Conduct a thorough review of the testing process to prevent future leakage

• Communicate the issue and resolution to stakeholders

• Track and monitor the effectiveness of the corrective measures

I handled performance testing end to end by conducting thorough analysis, creating test plans, executing tests, analyzing results, and implementing optimizations.

• Conducted thorough analysis to identify key performance metrics and testing requirements

• Created detailed test plans outlining scenarios, tools, and success criteria

• Executed tests using appropriate tools and techniques, monitoring system behavior and performance

• Analyzed test results to identify bottlenecks, performanc...read more

Data can be fetched into a view from another view by passing data through a shared ViewModel or using LiveData.

• Use a shared ViewModel to hold the data and access it from both views

• Use LiveData to observe changes in the data and update the view accordingly

• Pass data between views using Intent extras or Bundle

The main purpose of using CRM system is to manage and analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle.

• Centralize customer data for easy access and analysis

• Improve customer relationships and satisfaction

• Increase sales and marketing effectiveness

• Automate repetitive tasks and streamline processes

• Track customer interactions and communication history

To check string nullability using optional class, use optional binding to safely unwrap the optional string.

• Use if let or guard let statements to safely unwrap the optional string.

• If the optional string is nil, the code inside the if or guard statement will not execute.

• Example: if let myString = optionalString { //code to execute }

• Example: guard let myString = optionalString else { return } //code to execute if optionalString is nil

Java code to print all the zeros at the end of the array

• Iterate through the array from the end

• Check if the element is '0'

• Print the element if it is '0'

Java code to print the repeated words in a sentence

• Split the sentence into words using split() method

• Create a HashMap to store word frequency

• Iterate through the words and update the frequency in the HashMap

• Print the words with frequency greater than 1

Java code to print the repeated letters in a given name/words

• Iterate through each character in the input string

• Use a HashMap to store the count of each character

• Print the characters with count greater than 1

Use synchronization mechanisms like locks, semaphores, or monitors to access variables in multi-threaded applications.

• Use synchronized keyword in Java to ensure only one thread can access the variable at a time.

• Use locks and mutexes in C++ to protect shared resources.

• Use atomic variables in C# to ensure thread safety.

• Use thread-safe data structures like ConcurrentHashMap in Java.

• Avoid using global variables in multi-threaded applications.

• Use thread-local storage to store thre...read more

Call ID and CSequence are used in SIP protocol for identifying and sequencing SIP messages.

• Call ID is a unique identifier for a SIP call and is used to match requests and responses.

• CSequence is a sequence number for a SIP message and is used to ensure proper sequencing of messages.

• Both Call ID and CSequence are important for reliable communication in SIP protocol.

• Example: Call ID: 1234567890, CSequence: 1

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.

• It helps to eliminate data redundancy and inconsistencies.

• Normalization is achieved through a series of normal forms, such as first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and so on.

• Each normal form has a set of rules that must be followed to ensure data is pr...read more

The product life cycle consists of several stages including ideation, development, launch, growth, maturity, and decline.

• Ideation: Generating ideas for a new product or improvement.

• Development: Designing and creating the product.

• Launch: Introducing the product to the market.

• Growth: Increasing sales and market share.

• Maturity: Product reaches its peak and sales stabilize.

• Decline: Sales decline due to market saturation or obsolescence.

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to quickly retrieve values based on keys.

• HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.

• To retrieve a value, the key is hashed again to find the corresponding index and then the linked l...read more

Reliability testing is a type of testing that checks the ability of a system to perform consistently under different conditions.

• It involves subjecting the system to various stress tests to identify potential failures

• It helps in identifying and fixing issues before they occur in real-world scenarios

• Examples include load testing, performance testing, and stress testing

• Reliability testing is important for ensuring customer satisfaction and avoiding costly downtime

• It is often use...read more

Comparison of HashMap, ConcurrentHashMap, and SynchronizedMap.

• HashMap is not thread-safe, ConcurrentHashMap is thread-safe and faster than SynchronizedMap.

• ConcurrentHashMap uses a different locking mechanism than SynchronizedMap.

• SynchronizedMap uses a single lock for all operations, while ConcurrentHashMap uses multiple locks.

• ConcurrentHashMap is suitable for high-concurrency environments.

• SynchronizedMap is suitable for low-concurrency environments.

• HashMap is suitable for sin...read more

Ingress manages external access to services, while load balancer distributes traffic within the cluster.

• Ingress is an API object that manages external access to services in a cluster.

• Ingress typically provides HTTP and HTTPS routing.

• Load balancer is a service that distributes incoming network traffic across multiple backend services.

• Load balancer ensures that no single service is overwhelmed with traffic.

• In Kubernetes, LoadBalancer service type provisions a load balancer for ...read more

The components in the working application are the frontend, backend, database, and any third-party integrations.

• The frontend is responsible for the user interface and user experience.

• The backend handles the business logic and communicates with the database.

• The database stores and retrieves data.

• Third-party integrations may include APIs, libraries, or services used by the application.

• Examples of third-party integrations include payment gateways, social media APIs, and analytic...read more

Previous job: Software Engineer at XYZ. Current job: Technical Lead at ABC.

• Previous job involved developing and maintaining web applications using Java and Spring framework.

• Current job involves leading a team of developers, designing and implementing software solutions, and ensuring project deadlines are met.

• Both jobs require strong technical skills, problem-solving abilities, and effective communication with team members and stakeholders.

Agile is a set of principles and values for software development, while SAFe is a framework for scaling agile practices across an organization.

• Agile focuses on individuals and interactions over processes and tools, while SAFe emphasizes alignment, collaboration, and delivery at scale.

• Agile promotes flexibility and adaptability in responding to change, whereas SAFe provides a structured approach for implementing agile practices in large organizations.

• Agile encourages self-orga...read more

Product life cycle refers to the stages a product goes through from its introduction to its decline.

• Introduction: The product is launched in the market.

• Growth: Sales and market share increase as more customers adopt the product.

• Maturity: Sales stabilize as the product reaches its peak market penetration.

• Decline: Sales decline due to market saturation or the introduction of newer products.

• Example: The iPhone product life cycle - introduced in 2007, experienced rapid growth, re...read more

To create a thread in Linux, use the pthread_create() function.

• Include the pthread.h header file

• Declare a pthread_t variable to hold the thread ID

• Call pthread_create() function with the thread ID, attributes, start routine, and arguments

• Example: pthread_t tid; pthread_create(&tid, NULL, start_routine, NULL);

Load failures in Snowflake can be handled by monitoring the load process, identifying the root cause, and taking appropriate actions.

• Monitor the load process regularly to identify any failures

• Check the error messages and logs to determine the root cause of the failure

• Retry the load operation after fixing the issue, such as data format errors or network connectivity problems

• Consider using Snowflake's automatic retry feature for transient errors

• Utilize Snowflake's error handlin...read more

To create a Spring Boot application, use Spring Initializr and configure dependencies and properties.

• Go to start.spring.io and select the required dependencies and properties

• Download the generated project and import it into your IDE

• Add your code and run the application

Managing a large scale database involves optimizing performance, ensuring data integrity, and implementing disaster recovery plans.

• Implementing proper indexing to improve query performance

• Regularly monitoring and tuning database performance

• Utilizing sharding or partitioning to distribute data across multiple servers

• Implementing backup and recovery strategies to prevent data loss

• Ensuring data security and compliance with regulations

• Scaling the database infrastructure as needed...read more

Different types of databases serve different purposes, such as relational databases for structured data and NoSQL databases for unstructured data.

• Relational databases: used for structured data and follow a tabular format (e.g. MySQL, PostgreSQL)

• NoSQL databases: used for unstructured data and provide flexibility in data storage (e.g. MongoDB, Cassandra)

• Graph databases: used for data with complex relationships (e.g. Neo4j)

• In-memory databases: store data in main memory for faste...read more

Please provide more specific details about the tech requirements for the position.

• Ask for clarification on the specific technologies and tools required for the role

• Determine the level of expertise needed for each technology

• Discuss any potential challenges or limitations with the current tech stack

• Explore opportunities for implementing new technologies or improving existing ones

Pipes in Angular are used for transforming data before displaying it in the view.

• Pipes are used to format data in Angular templates.

• They can be used for currency, date, uppercase/lowercase transformations, etc.

• Custom pipes can also be created for specific data transformations.

• Pipes are applied using the '|' symbol in template expressions.

Microservices communicate through lightweight protocols like HTTP, messaging queues, and RPC.

• HTTP: RESTful APIs are commonly used for communication between microservices.

• Messaging queues: Services can communicate asynchronously through message brokers like RabbitMQ or Kafka.

• RPC (Remote Procedure Call): Services can make direct calls to each other using protocols like gRPC.

Collection is a single object that groups multiple elements, while Collections is a utility class in Java for working with collections. Interface defines a contract for classes to implement, while abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.

• Collection is a single object that represents a group of objects, like List, Set, Queue, etc.

• Collections is a utility class in Java that provides static methods for working with collections, like sorting, searching, etc.

• Inte...read more

Different datatypes are used to represent different types of data in programming, such as integers, strings, and booleans.

• Integers: used to represent whole numbers, such as 1, 2, -5

• Strings: used to represent text, such as 'hello world'

• Booleans: used to represent true or false values, such as true or false

Clean code is readable, maintainable, and follows best practices.

• Follows consistent naming conventions

• Has proper indentation and formatting

• Avoids duplication and unnecessary complexity

• Has clear and concise comments

• Follows SOLID principles

• Has unit tests for critical functionality

Git workflow is a process of managing and tracking changes in codebase.

• Git workflow involves creating branches for new features or bug fixes

• Changes are made in the branch and then merged back to the main branch

• Pull requests are used for code review and approval before merging

• Common workflows include Gitflow, GitHub flow, and GitLab flow

A program demonstrating multithreading in Java

• Create a class that extends Thread or implements Runnable interface

• Use the start() method to begin execution of a thread

• Synchronize shared resources to avoid race conditions

Java Hibernate, JPA, JDBC, and Spring Boot are commonly used technologies in Java development for database interaction and application development.

• Java is a popular programming language used for developing various applications.

• Hibernate is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework that simplifies database interactions in Java.

• JPA (Java Persistence API) is a specification for managing relational data in Java applications.

• JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is an API for conne...read more

Collections in Java are classes and interfaces that provide a way to store and manipulate groups of objects.

• Collections framework includes interfaces like List, Set, and Map, along with classes like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap.

• Collections provide methods for adding, removing, and accessing elements in a group.

• Collections also provide algorithms for sorting, searching, and manipulating groups of objects.

• Example: List names = new ArrayList<>(); names.add("Alice"); names.add...read more

A functional interface is an interface with only one abstract method, used in Java to enable lambda expressions.

• Functional interfaces can have multiple default or static methods, but only one abstract method.

• They are used in Java to enable the use of lambda expressions.

• Examples of functional interfaces in Java include Runnable, Callable, and ActionListener.

Method reference is a shorthand syntax for lambda expressions to call a method.

• Method reference is used to refer to a method without invoking it.

• It can be used to make the code more concise and readable.

• There are four types of method references: static, instance, constructor, and array constructor references.

To lead a team of technical professionals, set clear expectations, provide guidance and support, and ensure successful project delivery.

• Set clear goals and objectives for the team

• Communicate expectations clearly and regularly

• Provide guidance and support to team members

• Ensure project deadlines are met

• Encourage collaboration and teamwork

• Lead by example

Promises are used for asynchronous operations and return a single value while observables can return multiple values over time.

• Promises are eager and execute immediately upon creation while observables are lazy and only execute when subscribed to.

• Promises can only return a single value or an error while observables can return multiple values over time.

• Observables can be cancelled while promises cannot be cancelled once they are created.

• Observables have operators that can tran...read more

Method overriding is a feature in object-oriented programming where a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• Occurs in inheritance when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class

• The method in the subclass must have the same name, return type, and parameters as the method in the parent class

• Allows for polymorphism, where a subclass can define its own unique...read more

A filter in Spring is a component that intercepts incoming requests and outgoing responses, allowing for pre-processing and post-processing.

• Filters are used for tasks such as logging, authentication, authorization, and more

• Filters can be configured in the Spring application context

• Examples of filters in Spring include CharacterEncodingFilter, HiddenHttpMethodFilter, and CorsFilter

Abstract Factory pattern is a design pattern that provides an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.

• Provides an interface to create families of related objects

• Decouples the client code from the actual implementation classes

• Promotes code reusability and flexibility

• Examples: GUI libraries where different components like buttons, text fields, etc. are created using a factory

Default and static methods are introduced in Java 8 to provide additional functionality in interfaces.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations, reducing the need for abstract classes.

• Static methods in interfaces can be called using the interface name, similar to static methods in classes.

• Default methods can be overridden in implementing classes, while static methods cannot be overridden.

• Example: interface MyInterface { default void myMethod() { System.o...read more

DevOps is a software development approach that combines development and operations, while AWS is a cloud computing platform provided by Amazon.

• DevOps is a cultural and technical approach that aims to bridge the gap between development and operations teams.

• It emphasizes collaboration, automation, and continuous integration and delivery.

• AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a comprehensive cloud computing platform that offers a wide range of services like computing power, storage, datab...read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to efficiently retrieve values.

• HashMap is implemented using an array of linked lists, where each element in the array is a bucket that can store multiple key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added to the HashMap, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where the pair will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a collision occurs and the key-value pairs are stored in a linked...read more

The expected CTC depends on various factors such as experience, skills, industry, location, and company size.

• CTC can vary based on the candidate's level of experience and expertise.

• Industry standards and company policies also play a significant role in determining the expected CTC.

• Location can impact the CTC due to cost of living differences.

• Company size and financial stability may influence the salary offered.

• Negotiation skills can also affect the final CTC package.

• For examp...read more

List is mutable, Tuple is immutable in Python.

• List can be modified after creation, Tuple cannot be modified.

• List uses square brackets [], Tuple uses parentheses ().

• List is used for collections of items that may need to be changed, Tuple is used for fixed collections of items.

• Example: list_example = [1, 2, 3], tuple_example = (4, 5, 6)

CQRS Pattern separates read and write operations in an application.

• CQRS stands for Command Query Responsibility Segregation.

• It separates the read and write operations of an application into two different models.

• Commands are used for write operations, while queries are used for read operations.

• CQRS helps in achieving better scalability, performance, and maintainability.

• Example: Using CQRS, an e-commerce application can have separate models for placing orders (write) and viewin...read more

Cucumber is a BDD framework that allows writing test cases in simple English sentences.

• Uses Gherkin syntax to write feature files in plain English

• Supports automation testing for behavior-driven development

• Integrates with various programming languages like Java, Ruby, etc.

• Helps in collaboration between technical and non-technical team members

Protocols and block diagrams are essential in designing and implementing complex systems.

• Protocols are a set of rules that govern the communication between different components of a system.

• Block diagrams are graphical representations of a system that show the flow of information and the relationships between different components.

• Protocols and block diagrams are used in various fields such as networking, electronics, and software engineering.

• Examples of protocols include TCP/I...read more

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (object)

• Inheritance: allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Polymorphism: the ability to present the same interface for different data types

Decorator is a design pattern in object-oriented programming that allows behavior to be added to individual objects, either statically or dynamically.

• Decorator pattern involves a set of decorator classes that are used to wrap concrete components.

• It allows behavior to be added to individual objects without affecting the behavior of other objects from the same class.

• Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending functionality.

• Example: Adding borders, col...read more

React hooks are functions that allow functional components to use state and lifecycle methods.

• useState() hook is used to manage state in functional components

• useEffect() hook is used to manage lifecycle methods in functional components

• useContext() hook is used to access context in functional components

• useReducer() hook is used to manage complex state in functional components

• useCallback() and useMemo() hooks are used for performance optimization

• Examples: useState() - const [co...read more

Microservice architecture is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services.

• Each service is self-contained and can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently

• Services communicate with each other over lightweight protocols like HTTP or messaging queues

• Each service is responsible for a specific business function

• Microservices allow for better scalability, flexibility, and resilience compared to monolithic architectures

OSPF packet fields include source and destination IP addresses, packet type, area ID, checksum, and authentication.

• OSPF packets are sent using IP protocol 89.

• The source and destination IP addresses indicate the routers sending and receiving the packet.

• Packet types include hello, database description, link state request, link state update, and link state acknowledgment.

• The area ID identifies the OSPF area the packet belongs to.

• The checksum is used to verify the integrity of th...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a function or method to behave differently based on the object it is acting upon.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• It enables a single interface to be used for different data types or classes.

• Examples include method overloading and method overriding in object-oriented programming.

An interceptor is a design pattern commonly used in software development to capture and manipulate incoming and outgoing requests.

• Interceptors can be used for logging, authentication, authorization, error handling, and more

• In Angular, interceptors can be used to modify HTTP requests before they are sent to the server

• In Spring framework, interceptors can be used to intercept client requests and server responses

Best practices and configurations for technical leads

• Follow industry standards and guidelines

• Regularly review and update configurations

• Document configurations and best practices

• Implement automation for configuration management

• Ensure security measures are in place

• Collaborate with team members for input and feedback

Microservices architecture using Docker containers and Kubernetes for scalability and flexibility.

• Utilized Docker containers for easy deployment and scaling of services

• Implemented microservices architecture to break down the application into smaller, manageable components

• Used Kubernetes for container orchestration and management

• Ensured high availability and fault tolerance through load balancing and auto-scaling

• Separated concerns by dividing functionality into separate servic...read more

Constants are compile-time constants, while readonly variables can be assigned a value at runtime but cannot be changed after initialization.

• Constants are declared using the 'const' keyword, while readonly variables are declared using the 'readonly' keyword.

• Constants are evaluated at compile time, while readonly variables are evaluated at runtime.

• Constants can only be assigned a value at declaration, while readonly variables can be assigned a value in the constructor.

• Constant...read more

Yes, I have extensive medical writing experience.

• I have written clinical study reports, protocols, and regulatory documents for pharmaceutical companies.

• I am familiar with medical terminology and have experience translating complex scientific data into clear and concise language.

• I have also written patient education materials and articles for medical journals.

• I am comfortable working with cross-functional teams and collaborating with subject matter experts.

• Examples of my work...read more

Streams and tasks in Snowflake are used for real-time data processing and scheduling automated tasks.

• Streams in Snowflake capture changes to data in a table and can be used for real-time data processing

• Tasks in Snowflake are used for scheduling automated tasks like data loading, data transformation, etc.

• Streams can be used in combination with tasks to create real-time data pipelines

• Example: Using a stream to capture changes in a table and a task to load the changed data into ...read more

SOLID is a set of five design principles that help make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affecting the functionality.

• I - Interface Segregation ...read more

Util class is a class that contains static methods for common utility functions, while an interface is a contract that defines a set of methods that a class must implement.

• Util class is used for grouping related static methods together, while an interface is used for defining a contract that classes must adhere to.

• Util class cannot be instantiated or extended, while an interface can be implemented by multiple classes.

• Util class is used for code organization and reusability, w...read more

IP header is a part of the network layer protocol that contains information about the source and destination of data packets.

• IP header is added to the beginning of each packet in the network layer.

• It contains information such as source and destination IP addresses, protocol version, time to live, and checksum.

• The header length can vary depending on the options included.

• IP header is used by routers to forward packets to their destination.

• It is an essential component of the Int...read more

Hana is an in-memory database while ECC is a traditional database used in SAP systems.

• Hana is faster than ECC due to its in-memory technology

• Hana can handle larger amounts of data than ECC

• Hana has a different data modeling approach than ECC

• Hana has a different licensing model than ECC

• Hana is a newer technology than ECC

Adverse events information refers to the collection and analysis of data related to negative outcomes associated with a particular product or service.

• Adverse events can include side effects, complications, and injuries.

• This information is important for identifying potential safety concerns and improving product or service quality.

• Examples of adverse events include allergic reactions to medication, complications from surgery, and injuries from defective products.

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to quickly retrieve values based on keys.

• HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.

• Retrieving a value involves hashing the key to find the correct index and then traversing the link...read more

Yes, I am open to location change.

• I am willing to relocate for the right opportunity.

• I have experience working in different locations.

• I am open to exploring new cities and cultures.

SOLID principles are a set of five design principles that help in creating maintainable and scalable software applications.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open-Closed Principle: A class should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Subtypes should be substitutable for their base types.

• I - Interface Segregation Principle: A client should not be forced to implement interfaces th...read more

String is immutable while StringBuilder is mutable.

• String is a final class and cannot be modified once created.

• StringBuilder is a mutable class and can be modified without creating a new object.

• String concatenation creates a new String object each time, while StringBuilder is more efficient for frequent modifications.

• Use String for small, infrequent modifications and StringBuilder for large, frequent modifications.

str.equals compares the content of two strings, while == compares the memory address of the strings.

• str.equals compares the actual content of two strings, while == compares the memory address of the strings.

• str.equals is a method of the String class in Java, while == is an operator for comparison.

• Example: String str1 = 'hello'; String str2 = 'hello'; str1.equals(str2) will return true, but str1 == str2 will return false.

Google Cloud Dataflow is a fully managed service for stream and batch processing of data.

• Fully managed service for processing data in real-time or batch mode

• Supports Apache Beam for defining data processing pipelines

• Automatically scales resources based on workload

• Integrates with other Google Cloud services like BigQuery and Pub/Sub

Apache Beam SDK is a unified programming model for both batch and streaming data processing.

• Apache Beam SDK allows for defining data processing pipelines in a language-agnostic way.

• It supports multiple execution engines such as Apache Flink, Apache Spark, and Google Cloud Dataflow.

• The SDK provides a set of high-level APIs for building data processing pipelines.

• It enables parallel execution of data processing tasks for efficient and scalable processing.

• Apache Beam SDK supports...read more

IEnumerable is a simple interface for iterating over a collection, while IQueryable is used for querying data from a data source.

• IEnumerable is in-memory data manipulation, while IQueryable is for querying data from a database.

• IEnumerable is suitable for LINQ to Objects, while IQueryable is suitable for LINQ to SQL.

• IEnumerable is evaluated on the client-side, while IQueryable is evaluated on the database server.

• IEnumerable is more flexible but less efficient, while IQueryable...read more

I have extensive experience in the semiconductor industry, including design, fabrication, and testing of semiconductor devices.

• Designed and tested semiconductor devices for various applications

• Worked on process development and optimization for semiconductor fabrication

• Experience in semiconductor packaging and assembly

• Familiarity with industry standards and regulations

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to ensure project success

Query to retrieve all employees from a table

• Use SELECT * FROM employees;

• Replace 'employees' with the actual table name

• Make sure to include the semicolon at the end

Use Floyd's Tortoise and Hare algorithm to detect loop in a linked list.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, at the head of the linked list.

• Move slow pointer by one step and fast pointer by two steps.

• If they meet at any point, there is a loop in the linked list.

Path attributes in BGP are used to provide information about the path a route has taken.

• Path attributes include AS path, next hop, origin, local preference, etc.

• AS path shows the AS numbers the route has traversed.

• Next hop is the IP address to reach the next router.

• Origin indicates how the route was originated (IGP, EGP, or incomplete).

• Local preference is used to influence outbound traffic.

• Other attributes include MED, community, and atomic aggregate.

Handling of pipes involves managing the flow of data between processes in a Unix-based system.

• Pipes are used to transfer the output of one command as input to another command

• They are represented by the | symbol in Unix commands

• Pipes allow for communication between processes without the need for temporary files

• Example: ls | grep 'file'

• Example: cat file.txt | grep 'keyword' | wc -l