Goldman Sachs Analyst Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

I want to join GS because of their reputation for excellence and the opportunity to work on challenging projects.

• GS is known for its prestigious reputation in the financial industry

• I am attracted to the opportunity to work on complex and challenging projects

• I admire GS's commitment to innovation and cutting-edge technology

• I believe GS will provide me with valuable learning and growth opportunities

The Convex Hull is the smallest convex polygon that encloses all given points.

• Sort the points based on their x-coordinate.

• Find the upper hull by starting from the leftmost point and moving clockwise.

• Find the lower hull by starting from the rightmost point and moving counterclockwise.

• Combine the upper and lower hulls to form the convex hull.

The strategy is to always subtract the number chosen by the friend from 4 to ensure reaching 16 first.

• Start with 20 and subtract the number chosen by the friend from 4.

• Continue this strategy until reaching 16 before the friend reaches 17-19.

• Ensure the friend ends up at any number between 17 to 19 before reaching 16.

The problem involves finding an element in a matrix that is sorted both row-wise and column-wise.

• Start from the top-right corner of the matrix

• Compare the target element with the current element

• If the target is smaller, move left; if larger, move down

• Repeat until the target is found or the matrix boundaries are crossed

I am a highly motivated individual with a passion for learning and a strong work ethic.

• I have a degree in computer science and have worked as a software developer for 3 years.

• I am proficient in multiple programming languages including Java, Python, and C++.

• I am a quick learner and enjoy taking on new challenges.

• In my free time, I enjoy hiking and playing guitar.

Flip the coin twice and consider the outcome as follows.

• Flip the coin twice and consider the outcome as follows:

• - If both flips are heads or both are tails, discard and flip again.

• - If the first flip is heads and the second is tails, consider it as heads.

• - If the first flip is tails and the second is heads, consider it as tails.

• This method ensures a 50-50 chance of getting either heads or tails.

• Alternatively, use a phy...read more

Count number of ways to reach 20 on number line starting from 0 in steps of 1 or 2. Derive recursive formula for n+1.

• Use dynamic programming to count number of ways for each step.

• For each step, number of ways is sum of number of ways for previous 1 or 2 steps.

• Recursive formula: ways[n+1] = ways[n] + ways[n-1]

Probability of a rod of length L covering an integer on a number line.

• The probability depends on the length of the rod and the distance between adjacent integers on the number line.

• If the length of the rod is less than the distance between adjacent integers, the probability is zero.

• If the length of the rod is greater than or equal to the distance between adjacent integers, the probability is (L - d)/d, where d is the d...read more

There are (N-1)! ways to eat chocolates from left to right.

• The first chocolate can be chosen in N ways, the second in (N-1) ways, and so on.

• However, since the order of chocolates eaten matters, we need to divide by the number of ways to order N chocolates, which is N!.

• Therefore, the total number of ways to eat chocolates is (N-1)!

• For example, if N=4, there are 3! = 6 ways to eat the chocolates.

No, it is not possible for each person to give gifts to 3 people and receive a gift from them in a party of 9 people.

• In this scenario, each person would need to receive 3 gifts, which is not possible if there are only 9 people.

• This scenario would be possible if there were at least 10 people at the party.

• In general, for a party of n people, each person can give gifts to n-1 people and receive gifts from n-1 people.

Conditions for overflow and steady state in a tank with inflow and outflow

• Overflow occurs when the inflow rate is greater than the outflow rate

• Steady state is achieved when the inflow rate equals the outflow rate

• Overflow can be prevented by adjusting the inflow rate or increasing the outflow rate

• Steady state can be maintained by balancing the inflow and outflow rates

I am interested in data analysis, technology, and staying up-to-date with industry trends.

• Data analysis and visualization

• Machine learning and AI

• Technology advancements and innovations

• Industry conferences and events

• Networking with professionals in the field

The most probable number on the last toss is 6.

• The probability of getting a sum of 100 or more is highest when the sum is 99.

• The last toss will be made to reach the sum of 100, so the most probable number is the one that will take the sum closest to 100.

• The sum of 94 can be achieved by rolling a 6 on the last toss, which is the most probable number.

Options are financial contracts that give the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price.

• Options can be used for hedging or speculation

• There are two types of options: call options and put options

• Call options give the buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a predetermined price, while put options give the buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at a ...read more

A call option is a financial contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy an underlying asset at a predetermined price within a specified time period.

• Call options are bought by investors who believe that the price of the underlying asset will rise in the future.

• The buyer of a call option pays a premium to the seller for the right to buy the asset at a predetermined price, known as the strike ...read more

You can buy fuel from us through our fuel card program.

• We offer a fuel card program that allows you to purchase fuel from our network of stations.

• Our fuel card program offers discounts and rewards for frequent users.

• You can easily track your fuel expenses and usage through our online portal.

• We also offer customized fuel solutions for businesses and fleets.

• Our fuel is high-quality and meets all industry standards.

Increasing stock volatility increases the price of a call option.

• Higher volatility means higher potential for the stock to move in the option holder's favor, increasing the option's value

• The option's delta and gamma will also increase with higher volatility

• Example: If a call option on a stock with a strike price of $50 has a premium of $2 when the stock has a volatility of 20%, increasing the volatility to 30% may incr

The price of a call option is calculated using the Black-Scholes model which takes into account the underlying asset price, strike price, time to expiration, risk-free interest rate, and volatility.

• Determine the current price of the underlying asset

• Determine the strike price of the option

• Determine the time to expiration of the option

• Determine the risk-free interest rate

• Determine the volatility of the underlying asset

• Pl...read more

The price of a barrier option is generally less than a normal option.

• Barrier options have a condition that must be met for the option to be activated, which reduces the likelihood of the option being exercised.

• This reduced likelihood of exercise means that barrier options are generally cheaper than normal options.

• However, the price of a barrier option can vary depending on the specific conditions and terms of the optio...read more

To create a uniform distribution from 1 to 200 using an unbiased coin, we can use the rejection sampling method.

• Divide the range into equal parts based on the number of outcomes of the coin toss.

• Toss the coin and select the corresponding part of the range.

• If the selected number is outside the desired range, reject it and repeat the process.

• Repeat until a number within the desired range is obtained.

• Example: If the coin ...read more

Expected number of tosses of a fair coin to get 3 consecutive heads.

• The probability of getting 3 consecutive heads is 1/8

• The expected number of tosses to get 3 consecutive heads is 14

• This can be calculated using the formula E(X) = 2^k + 2^(k-1) + 2^(k-2) + ... + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^0, where k is the number of consecutive heads required

Go second. The probability of winning is higher when going second.

• The probability of winning when going first is (1/n+1), while the probability of winning when going second is (n/n+1)

• This is because the first player has a chance of drawing the black ball on their turn, while the second player has a chance of drawing the black ball on their turn or the first player's turn

• For example, if there are 10 red balls and 1 blac...read more

What is the most likely value of the last roll in a game where a die is rolled until the sum of all rolls is at least 100?

• The last roll must be at least 4 to reach a sum of 100

• The probability of rolling a 4, 5, or 6 is 1/2

• The most likely value of the last roll is 4 or 5

Algorithm to search for a number in an n x n matrix with sorted rows and columns.

• Start from the top-right corner of the matrix

• If the current element is greater than the target, move left

• If the current element is less than the target, move down

• Repeat until the target is found or the bottom-left corner is reached

Algorithm to find largest common subarray of two arrays of size n

• Create a 2D array to store the lengths of common subarrays

• Traverse both arrays and fill the 2D array with lengths of common subarrays

• Find the maximum length and its corresponding ending index in the 2D array

• Use the ending index to retrieve the largest common subarray from either of the arrays

I am excited to join Goldman Sachs because of its reputation for excellence and the opportunities it offers for professional growth.

• Goldman Sachs is a leader in the financial industry and has a strong reputation for excellence.

• I am impressed by the firm's commitment to innovation and its focus on delivering value to clients.

• I believe that working at Goldman Sachs will provide me with the opportunity to learn from some ...read more

I have experience in marketing and sales, with a focus on digital marketing and lead generation.

• Started career as a marketing intern at XYZ company

• Managed social media accounts and email campaigns for ABC company

• Implemented SEO strategies and increased website traffic by 30%

• Led a team of 5 sales representatives and exceeded quarterly sales goals by 20%

• Currently working as a digital marketing specialist at DEF company

Probability of a randomly dropped rod of length L intersecting a line on a 2D plane with infinite parallel, vertical lines.

• The probability depends on the length of the rod L.

• The probability can be calculated using geometric probability.

• The probability is 1 - (2L - 1) / infinity.

• For example, if L = 1, the probability is 0.5.

• If L = 2, the probability is 0.75.