70+ Interview Questions and Answers

Cylinder gasket heads are typically made of materials like graphite, asbestos, or metal.

• Graphite is a common material used in cylinder gasket heads due to its excellent sealing properties.

• Asbestos was previously used in gaskets but has been phased out due to health concerns.

• Metal gaskets, such as those made of steel or aluminum, are also used in certain applications.

• Other materials like rubber or composite materials may be used depending on the specific requirements of the en...read more

Oil pan gaskets are typically made from materials such as rubber, cork, silicone, or a combination of these.

• Rubber is a common material used in oil pan gaskets due to its flexibility and resistance to oil and heat.

• Cork is another material used in gaskets as it provides a good seal and is resistant to oil and chemicals.

• Silicone gaskets are known for their durability and ability to withstand high temperatures.

• Some gaskets may be made from a combination of these materials to pro...read more

There are several types of gaskets used in automobiles for various purposes.

• Cylinder head gasket

• Exhaust manifold gasket

• Intake manifold gasket

• Valve cover gasket

• Oil pan gasket

• Water pump gasket

• Transmission gasket

• Differential gasket

• Timing cover gasket

• Turbocharger gasket

There are various types of engines based on the number of cylinders.

• Engines can have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, or even more cylinders.

• The number of cylinders affects the engine's performance, power, and fuel efficiency.

• Examples include inline engines (4-cylinder), V engines (6-cylinder), and W engines (12-cylinder).

There are two types of manifolds: intake manifold and exhaust manifold.

• Intake manifold: It supplies the air-fuel mixture to the cylinders.

• Exhaust manifold: It collects and expels the exhaust gases from the cylinders.

• Examples: Cast iron and stainless steel manifolds.

Use Python to read a txt file and convert its contents into structured data.

• Open the txt file using the 'open' function in Python.

• Read the contents of the file using the 'read' method.

• Parse the data into structured format such as dictionaries or lists.

BSVI petrol & diesel vehicles have different fuel compositions & emission standards. Components vary based on vehicle type.

• BSVI petrol vehicles have lower sulfur content in fuel compared to diesel vehicles

• Diesel vehicles have higher fuel efficiency and torque compared to petrol vehicles

• Components in petrol vehicles include spark plugs, fuel injectors, and carburetors

• Components in diesel vehicles include fuel injectors, glow plugs, and turbochargers

Yes, the flywheel is used as a part of a mechanism.

• The flywheel is a mechanical device used to store rotational energy.

• It is typically used in engines to maintain a steady rotational speed and provide smooth power delivery.

• In automobiles, the flywheel is connected to the crankshaft and helps in starting the engine, storing energy during deceleration, and providing rotational inertia.

• It also helps in reducing engine vibrations and maintaining a consistent speed during gear cha...read more

There are two kinds of two-stroke engines: spark ignition and compression ignition.

• Spark ignition two-stroke engines: These engines use a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture, commonly found in motorcycles, chainsaws, and outboard motors.

• Compression ignition two-stroke engines: These engines rely on the heat generated by compression to ignite the fuel-air mixture, commonly found in large marine engines and some industrial applications.

There are several types of manifold gaskets used in automobile engines.

• Exhaust manifold gaskets

• Intake manifold gaskets

• Throttle body gaskets

• EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) gaskets

• Turbocharger gaskets

• Supercharger gaskets

Pump gaskets are made of various materials.

• Pump gaskets can be made of rubber, cork, paper, or metal.

• Rubber gaskets are commonly used due to their flexibility and resistance to fluids.

• Cork gaskets are known for their compressibility and ability to seal irregular surfaces.

• Paper gaskets are used in low-pressure applications.

• Metal gaskets, such as those made of steel or copper, are used in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

Sound transmission loss refers to the phenomenon of sound being either transmitted, reflected or absorbed when passing through a wall or structure.

• Sound transmission loss is measured in decibels (dB).

• The higher the transmission loss, the less sound is transmitted through the wall or structure.

• Transmission loss can be improved by adding sound insulation materials such as acoustic foam or mass loaded vinyl.

• Examples of structures with high transmission loss include concrete wall...read more

Yes, it is possible to install Docker inside Docker using a feature called Docker-in-Docker (DinD).

• Docker-in-Docker (DinD) allows you to run a Docker container inside another Docker container.

• It is commonly used for testing and development environments where nested containers are required.

• To enable DinD, you need to mount the Docker socket inside the container and run the container with the necessary privileges.

• Keep in mind that running Docker inside Docker can have performan...read more

AR stands for Accounts Receivable, AP stands for Accounts Payable, BR stands for Bank Reconciliation, BP stands for Budget Planning. Outstanding arrears are unpaid debts, prepaid expenses are expenses paid in advance, and amortization is the process of spreading out the cost of an intangible asset over its useful life.

• AR (Accounts Receivable) - money owed to a company by its customers for goods or services provided on credit

• AP (Accounts Payable) - money owed by a company to i...read more

There are two types of air cleaners: mechanical air cleaners and electronic air cleaners.

• Mechanical air cleaners use filters to trap dust and other particles from the air.

• Electronic air cleaners use an electric charge to attract and trap particles.

• Examples of mechanical air cleaners include panel filters, pleated filters, and HEPA filters.

• Examples of electronic air cleaners include electrostatic precipitators and ionizers.

Cyber defense concepts and tools explained

• Depth in defense refers to having multiple layers of security measures to protect against cyber threats

• Attack surface management involves identifying and reducing the potential entry points for attackers

• APT stands for Advanced Persistent Threat, which is a sophisticated and targeted cyber attack

• Memory forensics is the analysis of volatile memory to investigate security incidents

• Handling incidents involves detecting, responding to, and...read more

Power flow in AT transmission on planetary gear sets is controlled by clutches and brakes.

• Power from the engine is transferred to the torque converter

• The torque converter drives the input shaft of the transmission

• The planetary gear sets control the power flow to the output shaft

• Clutches and brakes are used to engage and disengage the planetary gear sets

• The final output is determined by the combination of gear sets and clutches/brakes engaged

Rubber component design requires consideration of material properties, application requirements, and manufacturing processes.

• Identify the application requirements and environmental conditions

• Select appropriate rubber material based on properties such as hardness, elasticity, and chemical resistance

• Design for manufacturability, considering factors such as mold design and tooling

• Consider post-processing requirements such as curing and finishing

• Perform testing and validation to ...read more

Felix Wankel, a German engineer, originated the Wankel engine.

• The Wankel engine was invented by Felix Wankel in the 1950s.

• Felix Wankel was a German mechanical engineer.

• The Wankel engine is a type of internal combustion engine that uses a rotary design.

• It is known for its compact size, high power-to-weight ratio, and smooth operation.

• Mazda is one of the most well-known manufacturers to have used the Wankel engine in their vehicles.

Linear regression is used for predicting continuous values, while classification is used for predicting discrete values.

• Linear regression is used when the output variable is continuous, such as predicting house prices based on features like size and location.

• Classification is used when the output variable is categorical, such as predicting whether an email is spam or not based on its content.

• Linear regression aims to find the best-fitting line that describes the relationship ...read more

Accruals are recognized when revenue is earned or expenses are incurred, but not yet received or paid, and are placed in financial statements to accurately reflect the company's financial position.

• Accruals are recognized based on the matching principle, where revenue is recorded when it is earned and expenses are recorded when they are incurred, regardless of when cash is exchanged.

• Accruals are typically found in the balance sheet as accrued liabilities or accounts receivable...read more

SCM process involves planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning products. As a Supply Chain Analyst, my role is to optimize these processes.

• My job involves analyzing data to identify areas for improvement in the SCM process

• I work with cross-functional teams to develop and implement strategies to optimize the supply chain

• I monitor key performance indicators (KPIs) to ensure that the supply chain is operating efficiently

• I identify and mitigate risks in the supply cha...read more

The Wankel engine was originated in Germany.

• The Wankel engine was invented by Felix Wankel in the 1950s.

• It was first developed and produced by the German company NSU Motorenwerke AG.

• The engine design features a rotary combustion chamber instead of the traditional reciprocating pistons.

• It offers advantages such as compact size, high power-to-weight ratio, and smooth operation.

• Mazda is one of the most well-known manufacturers to adopt and refine the Wankel engine technology.

Analyzing logs in SIEM involves reviewing and correlating data to identify security incidents and threats.

• Review logs for anomalies and patterns

• Correlate data from multiple sources to identify potential security incidents

• Use SIEM tools to automate log analysis processes

• Create alerts and triggers for suspicious activities

• Regularly update and fine-tune SIEM rules and configurations

Tooling refers to the process of designing and manufacturing tools or equipment used in production or manufacturing processes.

• Tooling involves creating specialized tools or equipment for specific tasks

• It can include designing, prototyping, and manufacturing tools

• Tooling is essential for efficient and accurate production processes

• Examples include molds for injection molding, jigs for welding, and fixtures for assembly

I have 5 years of software experience.

• 5 years of software engineering experience

• Proficient in multiple programming languages

• Worked on various software projects

• Experience with software development methodologies

• Familiar with software testing and debugging

Alteryx applications can be built using the Alteryx Designer tool by creating workflows and configuring user inputs.

• Use Alteryx Designer tool to create workflows for data processing

• Configure user inputs such as text boxes, drop-down menus, and buttons

• Utilize Alteryx Gallery to publish and share the application with others

We utilized our analytics stack to identify patterns, trends, and insights in data to address business challenges.

• Utilized data visualization tools to identify trends and patterns in customer behavior

• Leveraged machine learning algorithms to predict customer churn and optimize marketing strategies

• Used statistical analysis to determine the impact of pricing changes on sales performance

To avoid failures in components, I will follow a rigorous testing process and ensure proper maintenance.

• Conduct thorough testing of components before installation

• Regularly inspect and maintain components to prevent wear and tear

• Use high-quality materials and components

• Ensure proper installation and alignment of components

• Monitor performance and address any issues promptly

Separate integers and characters from a given string

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a digit or a letter

• Store the digits and letters in separate arrays

Multi formula tool in Alteryx allows users to apply multiple formulas to different fields in a single step.

• The Multi formula tool in Alteryx is used to apply multiple formulas to different fields in a single step.

• Users can add multiple formula expressions and assign them to specific fields in the data set.

• This tool is helpful for performing complex calculations on multiple fields simultaneously.

• Example: Using the Multi formula tool to calculate both total sales and profit mar...read more

Decision tree is a single tree model while random forest is an ensemble of multiple decision trees.

• Decision tree is a single tree model that makes decisions based on splitting data into branches at each node.

• Random forest is an ensemble of multiple decision trees that make predictions by averaging the results of individual trees.

• Decision tree tends to overfit the training data while random forest reduces overfitting by combining multiple trees.

• Random forest is more robust and...read more

Costing is the process of estimating and determining the expenses incurred in producing a product or service.

• Costing helps in determining the price of a product or service

• It helps in identifying the cost of each component of a product or service

• It helps in analyzing the profitability of a product or service

• It helps in making informed decisions about pricing, production, and sales

• Examples include job costing, process costing, and activity-based costing

Indexing is the process of creating an index for a database table to improve the speed of data retrieval operations.

• Indexing helps in quickly locating and accessing specific rows in a table.

• It reduces the number of disk I/O operations required for query processing.

• Examples of indexing methods include B-tree, hash, and bitmap indexes.

Problem solving tools are techniques used to identify, analyze and solve problems.

• Root cause analysis

• Fishbone diagram

• SWOT analysis

• Pareto chart

• Brainstorming

• 5 Whys

• Flowchart

• Decision matrix

4 stroke engine is classified as an internal combustion engine.

• It has four strokes: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust.

• It is commonly used in automobiles, motorcycles, and small aircraft.

• It is more fuel-efficient and produces less pollution than a 2-stroke engine.

The day to day activities of a DBA Administrator involve managing databases, ensuring data security, optimizing database performance, and troubleshooting issues.

• Monitoring database performance and ensuring data security

• Creating and managing database backups and recovery plans

• Optimizing database performance by tuning queries and indexes

• Troubleshooting database issues and resolving them

• Managing database users and permissions

• Installing and configuring database software and updat...read more

Terraform state file is used to store the state of your infrastructure managed by Terraform.

• Terraform state file keeps track of the resources created by Terraform.

• It helps Terraform understand the current state of the infrastructure.

• State file is stored locally by default, but can also be stored remotely for collaboration.

• It should be stored securely to prevent unauthorized access or modifications.

The 4 golden signals of SRE are latency, traffic, errors, and saturation.

• Latency: Measures the time taken for a request to be processed.

• Traffic: Indicates the amount of network traffic or requests being handled.

• Errors: Tracks the rate of errors occurring in the system.

• Saturation: Measures the utilization of resources such as CPU, memory, or disk.

Sound transmission loss is the measure of how much sound is blocked by a material or structure.

• It is measured in decibels (dB).

• Higher the transmission loss, better the sound insulation.

• It depends on the frequency of the sound and the thickness and density of the material.

• Examples of materials with high transmission loss are concrete, brick, and lead.

• It is important in designing soundproofing for buildings, vehicles, and machinery.

CTC stands for Current Cost to Company and CTV stands for Expected Cost to Company.

• CTC refers to the total salary package of an employee, including all benefits and allowances.

• It includes the basic salary, incentives, bonuses, and other perks provided by the company.

• CTV is the expected salary package that an employee is looking for in a new job.

• It is the amount the candidate expects to earn in terms of salary and benefits.

• The CTV may vary based on factors like experience, ski...read more

Incident management is the process of identifying, analyzing, and resolving incidents to minimize impact on operations.

• Incidents are reported and categorized based on severity and impact.

• A response team is assigned to investigate and resolve the incident.

• Communication is key throughout the process to keep stakeholders informed.

• Post-incident analysis is conducted to identify root causes and prevent future incidents.

• Documentation of the incident and resolution steps is crucial ...read more

Node.js is suitable for real-time applications and microservices, while Java is better for large-scale enterprise applications.

• Use Node.js for building real-time applications like chat apps, streaming services, and collaborative tools.

• Node.js is also great for developing microservices and APIs due to its lightweight and event-driven architecture.

• Java is ideal for building large-scale enterprise applications that require high performance, scalability, and security.

• Java is comm...read more

To create a payload for API testing, you need to understand the API endpoints, parameters, and expected data formats.

• Identify the API endpoints and the type of request (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.)

• Understand the parameters required for the API request (query parameters, headers, body)

• Refer to API documentation for details on expected data formats and sample payloads

• Use tools like Postman or Swagger to easily create and test payloads

• Ensure the payload includes valid data to t...read more

Lean Six Sigma is a methodology that combines Lean manufacturing principles and Six Sigma quality management techniques to improve processes and eliminate waste.

• Combines Lean principles (focus on efficiency and waste reduction) with Six Sigma techniques (focus on quality and process improvement)

• Uses tools like DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) to identify and solve problems

• Aims to reduce defects, improve customer satisfaction, and increase efficiency

• Popular i...read more

List is mutable and ordered while tuple is immutable and ordered.

• Lists can be modified while tuples cannot.

• Lists are defined using square brackets [] while tuples use parentheses ().

• Lists are used for collections of data that need to be changed while tuples are used for fixed collections of data.

• Example of a list: my_list = [1, 2, 3]

• Example of a tuple: my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)

Authentication verifies the identity of a user, while authorization determines what a user can access.

• Authentication confirms the user's identity through credentials like passwords or biometrics.

• Authorization controls the user's access rights to resources or services.

• Example: Logging into a system with a username and password is authentication, while being able to view certain files based on user roles is authorization.

Use Python to find duplicate elements in a list.

• Iterate through the list and use a dictionary to store elements and their counts.

• Identify elements with counts greater than 1 as duplicates.

• Return a list of duplicate elements found.

The GD&T symbol for runout is TIR (Total Indicated Runout)

• TIR stands for Total Indicated Runout

• It is used to specify the maximum allowable difference in location of a feature when the part is rotated 360 degrees

• TIR is represented by a circular symbol with two arrows pointing in opposite directions

The salary for Team Leader Quality at Ford India varies based on experience and location.

• Salary for Team Leader Quality at Ford India is competitive and based on industry standards.

• It varies based on the candidate's experience, skills, and location.

• The average salary for a Team Leader Quality at Ford India is around INR 10-15 lakhs per annum.

• However, this can vary based on the location of the job and the candidate's experience and qualifications.

Golden rules of account

• Maintain accurate and up-to-date records

• Separate personal and business finances

• Reconcile accounts regularly

• Keep receipts and invoices

• Monitor cash flow

• Follow accounting standards and regulations

5S is a workplace organization method that aims to improve efficiency and productivity by maintaining cleanliness and orderliness.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain.

• Sort involves removing unnecessary items from the workplace.

• Set in Order focuses on arranging necessary items in a logical and efficient manner.

• Shine involves cleaning and maintaining the workplace.

• Standardize aims to establish consistent processes and procedures.

• Sustain focuses on m...read more

7 QC tools are a set of problem-solving tools used in quality control and quality management.

• The tools include: Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• They are used to identify, analyze, and solve quality-related problems in a systematic and efficient manner.

• For example, a Pareto chart can be used to identify the most common causes of defects, while a control chart can be used to monitor a process and dete...read more

NPV is the present value of future cash flows, IRR is the rate of return, and Payback period is the time taken to recover the initial investment.

• NPV calculates the value of future cash flows in today's money

• IRR is the discount rate at which the NPV of cash flows equals zero

• Payback period is the time taken to recover the initial investment

• NPV and IRR are used to evaluate investment opportunities

• Payback period is used to assess the risk of an investment

• Example: A project with a...read more

Serverless architecture is a cloud computing model where the cloud provider manages the infrastructure and automatically allocates resources.

• AWS Lambda

• Azure Functions

• Google Cloud Functions

• Firebase

• IBM OpenWhisk

• Kubeless

To check if an IP address is correct, validate the format and range of each octet.

• Check if the IP address has 4 octets separated by periods.

• Validate each octet to be between 0 and 255.

• Ensure there are no leading zeros in each octet.

• Use regular expressions for pattern matching.

• Consider using built-in libraries like ipaddress in Python.

Selling involves understanding customer needs, building rapport, highlighting product benefits, and closing the deal.

• Understand the customer's needs and preferences

• Build rapport and trust with the customer

• Highlight the unique features and benefits of the product

• Overcome objections and address any concerns

• Close the deal by asking for the sale

I have 5 years of experience in guest experience management.

• Managed guest experience at a luxury hotel for 3 years

• Implemented customer feedback system to improve guest satisfaction

• Trained and supervised a team of 10 staff members

• Organized special events and promotions to enhance guest experience

Classification metrics are used to evaluate the performance of a classification model.

• Accuracy: measures the proportion of correctly classified instances out of total instances

• Precision: measures the proportion of true positive predictions out of all positive predictions

• Recall: measures the proportion of true positive predictions out of all actual positive instances

• F1 Score: harmonic mean of precision and recall, balances between precision and recall

• Confusion Matrix: tabulate...read more

Competitor's input is valuable for improvement

• Analyzing competitor's strategies can provide insights for improvement

• Identifying areas where competitors are excelling can help in setting benchmarks

• Studying competitor's customer feedback can highlight areas of improvement

• Example: If a competitor is offering better customer service, we can improve our own customer service to match or exceed theirs

A data executive is a senior-level professional responsible for overseeing the management and utilization of data within an organization.

• Responsible for developing data strategies and policies

• Oversees data governance and compliance

• Manages data analytics and reporting

• Collaborates with other departments to ensure data quality and accuracy

Tools such as analytics software, project management tools, and communication platforms can improve performance.

• Analytics software can help track and analyze data to make informed decisions.

• Project management tools can help organize tasks and deadlines to ensure timely completion.

• Communication platforms can improve collaboration and ensure everyone is on the same page.

• Other tools such as automation software and customer relationship management (CRM) systems can also improve p...read more

An outlier is a data point that differs significantly from other data points in a dataset.

• Outliers can skew statistical analyses and machine learning models.

• Examples of outliers include a person's weight being recorded as 1000 lbs, when the average weight is around 150 lbs.

• Outliers can be detected using statistical methods like Z-score or IQR.

K-means algorithm is a clustering technique that partitions data into k clusters based on similarity.

• Divides data points into k clusters based on centroids

• Iteratively assigns data points to the nearest centroid and updates centroids

• Continues until centroids no longer change significantly

• Example: Grouping customers based on purchasing behavior

BJTs are used in circuit analysis for amplification and switching purposes.

• BJTs are bipolar junction transistors used for amplification and switching in electronic circuits.

• They have three regions - emitter, base, and collector.

• BJTs can be analyzed using Kirchhoff's laws and transistor equations.

• Common BJT configurations include common emitter, common collector, and common base.

• BJTs are often used in audio amplifiers, voltage regulators, and digital logic circuits.

Use SQL query with ORDER BY and LIMIT to find the second highest salary.

• Use SELECT statement to retrieve the salary column

• Use ORDER BY clause to sort the salaries in descending order

• Use LIMIT 1,1 to skip the first highest salary and retrieve the second highest salary

Depreciation is the decrease in value of an asset over time due to wear and tear, obsolescence, or other factors.

• Depreciation is a non-cash expense that reduces the value of an asset on the balance sheet.

• It is calculated by dividing the cost of the asset by its useful life.

• There are different methods of calculating depreciation, such as straight-line, declining balance, and sum-of-the-years-digits.

• Examples of assets that can be depreciated include buildings, vehicles, machine...read more

Traction refers to the act of pulling or drawing something along a surface, typically used in the context of gaining momentum or progress.

• Traction is commonly used in the business world to describe the growth or progress of a company or product.

• It can also refer to the grip or friction between a surface and an object, such as tires on a road.

• In medical terms, traction can be used to describe the application of a pulling force to a part of the body to correct alignment or prom...read more

API call chaining is the process of making multiple API calls in a sequence, where the output of one call is used as input for the next call.

• API call chaining is commonly used in test automation to simulate user workflows.

• For example, a test scenario might involve logging in, navigating to a specific page, and then performing an action on that page.

• Each step in the scenario would be a separate API call, with the output of one call being used as input for the next.

This car is a sleek and reliable vehicle with top safety features and advanced technology.

• Highlight the safety features such as adaptive cruise control and lane departure warning

• Emphasize the advanced technology like the touchscreen infotainment system and smartphone integration

• Mention the fuel efficiency and low maintenance costs compared to other models

Terraform code for infrastructure provisioning

• Define provider and resource blocks

• Specify variables and outputs

• Use modules for reusable code

• Leverage state management for tracking changes

MOQ is Minimum Order Quantity, the smallest amount of a product a supplier is willing to sell. EOQ is Economic Order Quantity, the optimal order quantity to minimize total inventory costs.

• MOQ is set by suppliers to ensure profitability and efficiency in production.

• EOQ helps in determining the ideal order quantity to minimize ordering and holding costs.

• MOQ is usually higher than EOQ as it represents the minimum amount a supplier is willing to produce or sell.

• EOQ formula: EOQ =...read more