Fiserv Data Architect Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is dependency injection?
Ans. 
Dependency injection is a design pattern in which components are given their dependencies rather than creating them internally.
• Dependency injection helps in achieving loose coupling between classes.

• It allows for easier testing by mocking dependencies.

• There are three types of dependency injection: constructor injection, setter injection, and interface injection.

• Example: Instead of a class creating an instance of another...read more
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Q2. What is app.use in .net core?
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app.use in .NET Core is used to add middleware to the request pipeline.
• app.use is a method used in ASP.NET Core to add middleware components to the request pipeline.

• Middleware components are software components that are executed in the request pipeline to handle requests and responses.

• Middleware components can perform tasks such as authentication, logging, error handling, and more.

• Example: app.use(new MiddlewareCompone
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Q3. What is difference between Interface and abstract class?
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Interface is a contract that defines the methods a class must implement, while abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.
• Interface cannot have any implementation, while abstract class can have both abstract and concrete methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java, while abstract classes are us...read more
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Q4. Boxing Unboxing
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Q5. ArrayList and List
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Q6. Can abstract class instantiated?
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No, abstract classes cannot be instantiated.
• Abstract classes are meant to be inherited and extended by other classes.

• Attempting to instantiate an abstract class will result in a compilation error.

• Abstract classes can have abstract methods that must be implemented by the subclass.
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Q7. How to optimize react application?
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Optimizing a React application involves code splitting, lazy loading, minimizing bundle size, using memoization, and optimizing render performance.
• Implement code splitting to load only necessary code for each route or component.

• Utilize lazy loading to defer loading of non-essential components until they are needed.

• Minimize bundle size by removing unused code, optimizing images, and using tree shaking.

• Use memoization te...read more
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Q8. Props destructuring?
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Q9. Parent child component communication in react?
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Parent child component communication in React involves passing data from parent to child components and triggering events from child to parent components.
• Use props to pass data from parent to child components

• Use callback functions to trigger events from child to parent components

• Context API can be used for passing data to deeply nested components
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Q10. What is useRef, useMemo, useCallback?
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useRef is used to persist a value across renders, useMemo is used to memoize expensive calculations, useCallback is used to memoize functions.
• useRef is commonly used to access DOM elements or persist values between renders.

• useMemo is used to memoize expensive calculations to avoid re-computation.

• useCallback is used to memoize functions to prevent unnecessary re-renders.

• Example: useRef can be used to store a reference t...read more
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Q1. Recursion program
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Q2. System Design questions based on current project
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Q3. Micro service design patterns
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Micro service design patterns are architectural patterns used to design and implement microservices.
• Service discovery

• Circuit breaker

• API gateway

• Event sourcing

• Saga pattern
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Data structures related to dynamic program

React coding test . Design drop-down

Q1. Reverse the given linked list
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Q2. Separate out 0's, 1's, and 2's in an array
Ans. 
Separate out 0's, 1's, and 2's in an array
• Create three variables to count the number of 0's, 1's, and 2's in the array

• Loop through the array and increment the respective variable for each occurrence

• Create a new array and add the counted number of 0's, 1's, and 2's in order
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Q1. Remove duplicates from the given array
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Remove duplicates from given array of strings
• Create a new empty array

• Loop through the original array and check if the element already exists in the new array

• If not, add it to the new array

• Return the new array
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Q2. Detect a loop in linked list
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Loop in linked list can be detected using Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm.
• Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm uses two pointers, one moving at twice the speed of the other.

• If there is a loop, the faster pointer will eventually catch up to the slower pointer.

• If there is no loop, the faster pointer will reach the end of the list.

• Time complexity of this algorithm is O(n) and space complexity is O(1).
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DSA questions on graphs

Q1. Java multithreading,hibernate,kafka
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Q2. Make a method thread safe
Ans. 
Use synchronization mechanisms like locks or synchronized blocks to ensure only one thread can access the method at a time.
• Use synchronized keyword in method signature

• Use synchronized blocks inside the method

• Use ReentrantLock for more fine-grained control
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Q1. System Design question on async flow
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Q1. Salary negotation
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Find duplicates in a array

Q1. PRoduct array itself
Ans. 
A product array is an array of strings representing different products.
• Each element in the array is a string representing a product

• Example: ['iPhone', 'Samsung Galaxy', 'Google Pixel']

• Can be used to store and manipulate a list of products
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Q2. Search in rotated binary search
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Search for a target value in a rotated sorted array using binary search
• Find the pivot point where the array is rotated

• Determine which half of the array the target value lies in

• Perform binary search on the appropriate half of the array
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