Engati Software Developer Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 90 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

The round was scheduled at 10 AM on 2nd August, 2019, But it started a little late due to some issues in Lab devices. The test started in a full screen mode and no one was allowed to exit full screen mode.

Q1. 
Remainder When Divided By 11 Problem Statement
Determine the remainder when a given number, 'N' in the form of a string, is divided by 11.
Input:
The first line contains an integer 'T' denoting the numb...read more
Ans. 
Find the remainder when a given number is divided by 11.
• Convert the string number to an integer for easier calculation.

• Use the property that the remainder when a number is divided by 11 is the same as the remainder when the alternating sum of its digits is divided by 11.

• Repeat the process until you get a single digit number as the result.
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Q2. 
Missing Number Problem Statement
You are provided with an array named BINARYNUMS consisting of N unique strings. Each string represents an integer in binary, covering every integer from 0 to N except for ...read more
Ans. 
Given an array of unique binary strings representing integers from 0 to N, find and return the missing integer's binary representation.
• Iterate through the binary strings and convert them to integers.

• Calculate the sum of integers from 0 to N using the formula (N * (N + 1)) / 2.

• Subtract the sum of the integers in the array from the total sum to find the missing integer.

• Convert the missing integer to binary and return it ...read more
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

It was a F2F interview. The interviewer was very friendly and was working as an SDE II in Consumers team. He started with quick intro of himself and then asked mine. Then jumped into coding question. He was monitoring my every single activity throughout the interview and told me ignore whenever I type something on my laptop.

Q1. 
Fish Eater Problem Statement
In a river where water flows from left to right, there is a sequence of 'N' fishes each having different sizes and speeds. The sizes of these fishes are provided in an array c...read more
Ans. 
Given a river with fishes of different sizes and speeds, determine how many fishes survive after encounters.
• Iterate through the array of fishes and simulate encounters between fishes to determine survivors

• Use a stack to keep track of surviving fishes

• Compare sizes of fishes to determine which fish eats the other
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Q2. 
Fishmonger Toll Optimization Problem
A fishmonger needs to transport goods from a port to a market, crossing multiple states each requiring a toll. The goal is to minimize the toll costs while ensuring th...read more
Ans. 
The Fishmonger Toll Optimization Problem involves minimizing toll costs while ensuring timely delivery of goods from a port to a market.
• Given 'N' states and a time limit 'M', find the smallest toll amount to reach the market from the port within the given time.

• Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.

• Consider both time and toll matrices to calculate the minimum toll cost.

• Return -1 if it is not possible ...read more
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Round duration - 75 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

It was a F2F interview. The interviewer was very friendly and was working as an SDE III in Payments team. He started with quick intro of himself and then asked mine. He asked me about the project I mentioned in my resume and some questions regarding the project. Then jumped into coding question. He was monitoring my every single activity throughout the interview.

Q1. 
Battalions and Tanks Problem Statement
Given 'N' battalions and 'M' tanks, along with an array representing the number of soldiers in each battalion, you need to allocate the tanks such that the maximum r...read more
Ans. 
Allocate tanks to battalions to minimize maximum ratio of soldiers per tank.
• Calculate the ratio of soldiers to tanks for each battalion.

• Sort the ratios in ascending order.

• Return the maximum ratio from the sorted list.
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Q2. 
Diagonal Traversal of a Binary Tree
Given a binary tree of integers, find its diagonal traversal. Refer to the example for clarification on diagonal traversal.
Example:
Explanation:
Consider lines at a...read more
Ans. 
Diagonal traversal of a binary tree involves printing nodes at the same diagonal in a specific order.
• Traverse the tree in a diagonal manner, starting from the root node and moving towards the right child and then the left child.

• Use a queue to keep track of nodes at each level of the tree.

• Print the nodes in the order they are encountered while traversing the tree diagonally.
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Round duration - 150 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Debugging: This section had 7 debugging problems, which consist of code snippets that have some logical error that needs to be rectified.
Reasoning Ability: This section consists of some verbal reasoning questions and some aptitude questions.
Coding: This section consists of 2 coding problems.

Q1. 
Search in a Row-wise and Column-wise Sorted Matrix Problem Statement
You are given an N * N matrix of integers where each row and each column is sorted in increasing order. Your task is to find the positi...read more
Ans. 
Given a sorted N * N matrix, find the position of a target integer 'X'.
• Iterate over each row and column to search for the target integer 'X'.

• Utilize the sorted nature of the matrix to optimize the search process.

• Return the position of 'X' if found, else return '-1 -1'.
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Q2. 
Clone Linked List with Random Pointer Problem Statement
Given a linked list where each node has two pointers: one pointing to the next node and another which can point randomly to any node in the list or ...read more
Ans. 
Deep copy a linked list with random pointers and return its head. Validate if the cloned linked list is an exact copy of the original.
• Create a new node for each node in the original linked list and maintain a mapping between original and cloned nodes.

• Update the next and random pointers of the cloned nodes based on the mapping.

• Time complexity: O(N) where N is the number of nodes in the linked list.

• Space complexity: O(N)...read more
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

Around 30 candidates were shortlisted from my campus and over 150+ candidates were shortlisted from the university, and I was one of them. Then my first round of interviews was scheduled. I was pretty nervous before the interview.

Q1. 
Row Wave Form Problem Statement
Given a 2D array with dimensions N*M, your task is to read the array elements in a row-wise manner and return a linear array that stores the elements in a 'wave' pattern. S...read more
Ans. 
Given a 2D array, return a linear array storing elements in a 'wave' pattern.
• Read the array elements row-wise and store in wave pattern

• Alternate direction for storing elements from each row

• Handle edge cases like single row or single column arrays

• Use nested loops to iterate through the 2D array
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Q2. 
Construct a Strict Binary Tree Problem
Given an array/list of integers PRE representing the preorder traversal of a strict binary tree, and an array/list TYPENL with values 'L' or 'N', where 'L' denotes a...read more
Ans. 
Given preorder traversal and node type information, construct a strict binary tree and return the root node.
• Create a binary tree using preorder traversal and node type information

• Use recursion to construct the tree

• Handle leaf and non-leaf nodes separately

• Ensure each node has 0 or 2 children
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

My interviewer introduced himself in the beginning and asked for my introduction.

Q1. 
Alien Dictionary Problem Statement
You are provided with a sorted dictionary (by lexical order) in an alien language. Your task is to determine the character order of the alien language from this dictiona...read more
Ans. 
Given a sorted alien dictionary in an alien language, determine the character order of the language.
• Iterate through the dictionary to build a graph of character dependencies.

• Perform a topological sort on the graph to determine the character order.

• Return the character array representing the order of characters in the alien language.
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Round duration - 80 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was Online interview 
this is one and only interview which was based on totally DSA (Problem Solving Skills)
which was held on AMAZE CHIME

Timing : 12pm
Environment was very good

Q1. 
Reverse Linked List Problem Statement
Given a Singly Linked List of integers, your task is to reverse the Linked List by altering the links between the nodes.
Input:
The first line of input is an intege...read more
Ans. 
Reverse a singly linked list by altering the links between nodes.
• Iterate through the linked list and reverse the links between nodes

• Use three pointers to keep track of the previous, current, and next nodes

• Update the links while traversing the list to reverse it

• Return the head of the reversed linked list
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Q2. 
The Celebrity Problem
Imagine there are 'N' people at a party, each assigned a unique ID from 0 to N-1. A celebrity at the party is a person who is known by everyone but knows no one else.
Problem Statem...read more
Ans. 
Identify the celebrity at a party where one person knows everyone but is not known by anyone.
• Use a two-pointer approach to eliminate non-celebrity candidates.

• Start with two pointers at the beginning and end of the party.

• If A knows B, A cannot be the celebrity; move A to B.

• If A does not know B, B cannot be the celebrity; move B to A.

• Repeat until only one person remains; check if this person is known by everyone.

• Return t...read more
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