70+ Toppan Interview Questions and Answers

Yes, I have experience in fully automated instrument handling, quality control/calibration, and audit handling.

• I have experience in operating fully automated instruments for bio and immuno assays.

• I am proficient in performing quality control and calibration procedures to ensure accurate results.

• I have experience in preparing and maintaining documentation for laboratory procedures.

• I am familiar with audit handling and NABL requirements.

• For example, in my previous job, I was re...read more

Order of draw and CBC parameters with normal range for lab technician interview.

• Order of draw refers to the sequence in which different blood collection tubes are filled during venipuncture.

• The correct order of draw is important to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate test results.

• Common order of draw includes blood culture bottles, coagulation tubes, serum tubes, and EDTA tubes.

• CBC parameters include red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemogl...read more

Order of draw is the sequence of tubes to be drawn during venipuncture to avoid cross-contamination and inaccurate test results.

• The order of draw is: cultural, citrate, plain, heparin, EDTA, fluoride

• Cultural tube is used for blood cultures to detect bacterial infections

• Citrate tube is used for coagulation studies

• Plain tube is used for serum tests

• Heparin tube is used for plasma tests

• EDTA tube is used for hematology tests

• Fluoride tube is used for glucose tests

• Following the orde...read more

Fixation is necessary for slide preparation for morphology as it preserves the cellular structure and prevents degradation.

• Fixation helps to preserve the cellular structure of the sample.

• It prevents degradation of the sample during slide preparation.

• It helps to maintain the morphology of the cells for accurate analysis.

• Common fixatives include formalin, ethanol, and methanol.

• Different fixatives may be used for different types of samples, such as tissues or cells.

• Fixation is a...read more

Blood samples are collected in a specific order to minimize contamination and ensure accurate results.

• Start by verifying the patient's identity and confirming the test requirements.

• Gather the necessary equipment, including gloves, tourniquet, alcohol swabs, and collection tubes.

• Apply the tourniquet above the intended puncture site to make the veins more visible and accessible.

• Clean the puncture site with an alcohol swab and allow it to dry.

• Insert the needle into the vein and ...read more

It can be difficult to determine the blood group of an early born baby because their immune system is not fully developed and may not have produced enough antibodies yet.

• Early born babies may not have fully developed immune systems

• Their immune systems may not have produced enough antibodies yet

• This can make it challenging to accurately determine their blood group

The order of draw is the sequence in which blood collection tubes are filled during venipuncture.

• The order of draw is important to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate test results.

• The most common order of draw is as follows: blood culture tubes, coagulation tubes (sodium citrate), serum tubes, heparin tubes, EDTA tubes, and glycolytic inhibitor tubes.

• Sodium citrate tubes are used for coagulation tests, such as prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thrombopla...read more

Westgard rules are a set of rules used in quality control to detect errors or outliers in laboratory testing.

• Westgard rules are used to determine if a set of control measurements are within acceptable limits.

• Rejection rules are used to identify when a measurement is so far outside the expected range that it should be rejected.

• Warning rules are used to identify when a measurement is slightly outside the expected range, indicating a potential issue.

• For example, a common rejecti...read more

Sysmex xn350 and Sysmex xn550 are both hematology analyzers used in pathology labs, but they differ in terms of their capabilities and features.

• Sysmex xn350 is an older model, while Sysmex xn550 is a newer and more advanced version.

• Sysmex xn550 offers additional parameters and improved performance compared to xn350.

• The xn550 has a higher throughput, allowing for faster sample processing.

• The xn550 may have enhanced software features and user interface compared to xn350.

• Sysmex ...read more

I manage lab quality by implementing quality control measures, ensuring accuracy of tests, and following standard operating procedures.

• Implementing quality control measures such as daily calibration of equipment

• Ensuring accuracy of tests by following proper protocols and techniques

• Following standard operating procedures to maintain consistency and reliability

• Regularly reviewing and updating procedures to meet industry standards

Calibration is necessary for biomedical equipment to ensure accurate and reliable measurements for patient care and safety.

• Calibration ensures accuracy and reliability of measurements, which is crucial for patient diagnosis and treatment.

• Regular calibration helps in detecting and correcting any deviations or errors in the equipment's readings.

• It ensures that the equipment is functioning within acceptable limits set by regulatory bodies like FDA or ISO.

• Calibration also helps i...read more

Quality control levels in hematology are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of test results.

• Quality control levels in hematology typically include low, normal, and high controls.

• These controls are used to monitor the performance of the hematology analyzer and ensure accurate results.

• For example, a low control may have a known value of 50, a normal control may have a value of 100, and a high control may have a value of 150.

The interviewer wants to know about your experience and skills as a lab technician.

• Talk about your education and training in laboratory techniques.

• Mention any previous experience working in a laboratory setting.

• Highlight your ability to follow protocols and procedures accurately.

• Discuss your proficiency in using laboratory equipment and software.

• Emphasize your attention to detail and ability to maintain accurate records.

• Provide examples of how you have contributed to research...read more

EDTA stands for Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Swabs typically contain 70% isopropyl alcohol.

• EDTA full form is Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

• Swabs usually contain 70% isopropyl alcohol

Blood collection knowledge is essential for a medical laboratory technician.

• Knowledge of different blood collection methods and equipment

• Understanding of proper patient identification and labeling

• Awareness of potential complications and how to handle them

• Familiarity with safety protocols and infection control measures

• Ability to accurately record and document collected specimens

RBCs (red blood cells) are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body, while platelets help with blood clotting.

• RBCs are also known as erythrocytes and make up the majority of cells in the blood.

• Platelets, or thrombocytes, are involved in the clotting process to stop bleeding.

• Both RBCs and platelets are produced in the bone marrow.

• Abnormal levels of RBCs or platelets can indicate various health conditions.

• For example, low RBC count may suggest anemia, while low plate...read more

To upload a form of HIV test, scan or take a clear photo of the form and save it as a digital file.

• Scan the form using a scanner or use a smartphone to take a clear photo

• Save the scanned image or photo as a digital file (e.g., PDF, JPEG)

• Ensure the file size is within the acceptable limits for uploading

• Use a secure and reliable platform to upload the form (e.g., hospital's online portal)

• Follow any specific instructions provided for uploading the HIV test form

Chemical and physical examination of urinalysis involves analyzing the composition and properties of urine.

• Chemical examination includes tests for pH, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, nitrites, leukocyte esterase, and specific gravity.

• Physical examination involves assessing the color, clarity, odor, and volume of urine.

• Chemical tests are performed using reagent strips or automated analyzers.

• For example, a positive protein test may indicate kidney disease, w...read more

Clinical pathology tests include blood tests, urine tests, and other bodily fluid tests to diagnose and monitor diseases.

• Complete blood count (CBC)

• Blood chemistry tests

• Urinalysis

• Coagulation tests

• Serology tests

• Microbiology tests

• Hematology tests

• Immunology tests

• Endocrine function tests

• Tumor marker tests

The window period of HIV is the time between initial infection and when the virus can be detected by a test.

• The window period for HIV can vary, but is typically between 2-12 weeks after infection.

• During the window period, a person may have HIV but test negative because their body has not yet produced enough antibodies for detection.

• It is important to wait for the window period to pass before getting tested for HIV to ensure accurate results.

• Early detection of HIV is crucial f...read more

Normal values of routine blood tests vary depending on the test performed.

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Hemoglobin (Hb) - 12-16 g/dL for women and 14-18 g/dL for men

• CBC: White Blood Cell (WBC) count - 4,500-11,000 cells/mcL

• CBC: Platelet count - 150,000-450,000/mcL

• Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): Glucose - 70-99 mg/dL

• BMP: Sodium (Na) - 135-145 mEq/L

• BMP: Potassium (K) - 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

• BMP: Chloride (Cl) - 98-106 mEq/L

• BMP: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - 23-29 mEq/L

• BMP: Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)...read more

I will prioritize resolving the issue and communicate with users to keep them informed.

• I will remain calm and professional while addressing the issue.

• I will prioritize resolving the issue as quickly as possible.

• I will communicate with the users to keep them informed of the progress.

• I will escalate the issue to higher authorities if necessary.

• I will document the issue and the steps taken to resolve it for future reference.

The tube carbamazepine test is used to measure the level of carbamazepine in a patient's blood.

• The test involves collecting a blood sample from the patient.

• The blood sample is then placed in a tube containing a reagent that reacts with carbamazepine.

• The tube is then placed in a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the reaction.

• The absorbance reading is compared to a standard curve to determine the concentration of carbamazepine in the blood.

Heparin tubes are used to collect blood samples for coagulation testing.

• Heparin tubes contain lithium or sodium heparin to prevent blood clotting.

• Mix the blood gently with the anticoagulant in the tube by inverting it several times.

• Use a syringe to draw blood directly into the tube, ensuring proper mixing.

• Label the tube with patient information and send it to the lab for testing.

• Heparin tubes are commonly used for tests like PT, APTT, and fibrinogen levels.

ESR full form is Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.

• ESR is a test that measures how quickly red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube.

• It is a non-specific test used to detect inflammation in the body.

• High ESR levels can indicate conditions like infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.

Blood is a fluid connective tissue that circulates throughout the body, carrying oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products.

• Blood is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

• The cardiovascular system is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body.

• Other body systems include the respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, and musculoskeletal system.

• Each system has a specific function and works together to maintain ...read more

Blood culture test involves collecting blood samples and incubating them to check for bacterial growth.

• Collect blood samples from the patient using a sterile technique

• Inoculate the blood samples into culture bottles containing growth media

• Incubate the culture bottles at the appropriate temperature for a specific period of time

• Check for bacterial growth by observing turbidity or using automated systems

• Subculture positive samples to identify the specific bacteria causing the in...read more

Sodium fluoride tubes are used to collect blood samples for glucose testing.

• Collect blood sample using a sodium fluoride tube

• Mix the sample gently to prevent clotting

• Store the tube in a cool place until testing

• Commonly used for glucose testing in diabetic patients

Fasting sugar average is a measure of blood glucose levels after fasting for a certain period of time.

• Fasting sugar average is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes.

• It is typically measured after an overnight fast of 8-12 hours.

• Normal fasting sugar average is usually between 70-99 mg/dL.

• Higher levels may indicate prediabetes or diabetes.

• Lower levels may indicate hypoglycemia or other medical conditions.

Needle stick injury should be treated as an emergency by washing the affected area with soap and water and seeking medical attention immediately.

• Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 20 seconds

• Apply antiseptic or antibiotic ointment to the affected area

• Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or dressing

• Seek medical attention immediately

• Report the incident to your supervisor or occupational health department

• Get tested for bloodborne pathogens such as HIV, hepa...read more

Chemotherapy is a treatment method that uses drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells.

• Chemotherapy is commonly used in the treatment of cancer.

• It can be administered orally, intravenously, or topically.

• There are different types of chemotherapy drugs, including alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and anthracyclines.

• Chemotherapy can be used as the primary treatment or in combination with other therapies like surgery or radiation.

• Common side effects of chemotherapy inclu...read more

Antigens are present on the surface of pathogens or foreign substances and can trigger an immune response in the body.

• Antigens are present on the surface of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

• Antigens can also be present on foreign substances like pollen or dust.

• Antigens are recognized by the immune system as foreign and can trigger the production of antibodies to fight off the invader.

To troubleshoot, identify the problem, gather information, analyze data, and implement solutions.

• Identify the problem by observing and asking questions.

• Gather information by conducting tests, reviewing records, and consulting colleagues.

• Analyze data to determine the cause of the problem.

• Implement solutions by following established protocols or seeking guidance from supervisors.

• Examples: troubleshooting equipment malfunctions, identifying errors in test results.

Order of draw is the sequence in which different blood collection tubes are filled during venipuncture.

• Order of draw is important to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate test results.

• The most common order of draw is blood culture tubes first, followed by coagulation tubes, then serum tubes, and finally EDTA tubes.

• For example, if a coagulation tube is drawn before a blood culture tube, it may contaminate the blood culture sample with anticoagulants.

• Turnicate timing ...read more

Yes, I am fluent in both Hindi and English.

• I can communicate effectively with patients and colleagues in both languages.

• I am able to read and understand medical documents in both languages.

• I can translate medical terminology accurately from English to Hindi and vice versa.

• I have experience working with patients who primarily speak Hindi.

• I am comfortable using both languages in a professional setting.

QA (Quality Assurance) is the process of ensuring that products meet specified standards and requirements, while QC (Quality Control) involves testing and inspecting products to identify defects.

• QA focuses on preventing defects, while QC focuses on identifying defects after production

• QA involves processes and procedures to ensure quality standards are met, while QC involves testing and inspection of products

• Examples of QA activities include process audits, training, and docum...read more

To configure an email ID in Exchange, follow these steps:

• Open Exchange Admin Center

• Click on recipients and then on mailboxes

• Click on the plus sign to create a new mailbox

• Select the mailbox type and fill in the required details

• Click on save to create the mailbox

The unique feature of Dade Behring Siemens Biochemistry machine is its ability to perform multiple tests simultaneously.

• Multiplexing technology allows for simultaneous testing of up to 180 different analytes

• High throughput with a capacity of up to 2400 tests per hour

• Advanced software for result interpretation and analysis

The blood collection order of draw refers to the sequence in which different types of blood samples are collected during venipuncture.

• The order of draw is important to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate test results.

• The most common order of draw includes collecting blood samples in the following sequence: blood culture bottles, coagulation tubes, serum tubes, heparin tubes, EDTA tubes, and finally, glycolytic inhibitor tubes.

• This order helps minimize the risk of ...read more

Before collecting samples for PTH testing, it is important to inform the patient about the procedure and any preparation required.

• Explain the purpose of the test to the patient

• Inform the patient if any fasting or specific dietary requirements are necessary

• Provide instructions on how to properly collect the sample, such as the type of sample needed (blood, urine, etc.)

• Ensure the patient understands any potential risks or side effects of the test

• Address any concerns or question...read more

The Sysmex xn 350 is a hematology analyzer used in pathology labs to perform blood cell counts and provide diagnostic information.

• Start by turning on the Sysmex xn 350 and allowing it to initialize.

• Prepare the blood sample by properly labeling and handling it.

• Load the sample onto the instrument, ensuring it is properly positioned.

• Select the desired test parameters and run the analysis.

• Review the results displayed on the instrument's screen or print them out.

• Clean and maintain...read more

The term 'maska' refers to the ability to influence or manipulate management decisions. As a consultant biochemist, my focus is on providing accurate and evidence-based information rather than engaging in manipulative practices.

• As a consultant biochemist, my role is to provide expert advice and guidance based on scientific evidence and research.

• I prioritize transparency and honesty in my interactions with management.

• I aim to educate and inform management about the potential i...read more

Routine tests in medical laboratories include a wide range of parameters to assess various aspects of a patient's health.

• Routine tests cover parameters such as complete blood count (CBC), blood glucose levels, liver function tests (LFTs), kidney function tests (KFTs), lipid profile, and thyroid function tests (TFTs).

• CBC measures the number of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin levels, and platelet count.

• Blood glucose levels indicate the amount of sugar in the blood and hel...read more

Healthcare and Diagnostic sector offers opportunities for growth, innovation, and making a positive impact on people's lives.

• The healthcare and diagnostic sector is a rapidly growing industry with a high demand for skilled professionals.

• Working in this sector allows me to contribute to the well-being and health of individuals and communities.

• The sector offers diverse career paths and opportunities for continuous learning and development.

• Advancements in technology and research...read more

Active Directory is a Microsoft service that manages network resources and allows for centralized authentication and authorization.

• Active Directory is used to manage users, computers, and other network resources

• It allows for centralized authentication and authorization

• It uses a hierarchical structure of domains and organizational units (OUs)

• Group Policy Objects (GPOs) can be used to enforce policies and settings across the network

• Active Directory can integrate with other Micr...read more

Uric acid crystals in nitrogenous substance study involves examining the structure of uric acid crystals in biological samples.

• Uric acid crystals are commonly found in urine and joint fluids of patients with gout.

• The crystals can be visualized under a microscope using polarized light microscopy.

• The crystals have a characteristic needle-like shape and can form aggregates.

• The study can help diagnose gout and other conditions related to uric acid metabolism.

• Treatment options for...read more

SST stands for Serum Separator Tube.

• SST is a type of blood collection tube used to separate serum from blood cells.

• It contains a gel that forms a barrier between the serum and blood cells after centrifugation.

• SST tubes are commonly used in clinical laboratories for various blood tests.

• Examples of tests that require SST tubes include lipid profiles, liver function tests, and hormone assays.

NS1 is a protein antigen produced by the dengue virus during infection.

• NS1 is a non-structural protein 1 produced by the dengue virus.

• It is used as a marker for early diagnosis of dengue infection.

• Detection of NS1 antigen in blood samples can help in confirming dengue fever.

• NS1 antigen tests are commonly used in dengue-endemic regions for rapid diagnosis.

PA errors in diagnostics refer to errors in the interpretation of chest X-rays due to incorrect positioning of the patient.

• PA stands for posteroanterior, which is a type of chest X-ray where the X-ray beam passes through the back of the patient and onto the film or detector in front of them.

• PA errors can occur when the patient is not positioned correctly, leading to incorrect interpretation of the X-ray.

• Common PA errors include rotation, tilt, and inadequate inspiration.

• PA er...read more

To reduce kit wastage and cost, we need to focus on efficient consumption and proper issue entry.

• Implement a system to track kit usage and issue entry

• Train staff on proper kit usage and handling

• Regularly review inventory levels and adjust orders accordingly

• Consider alternative, more cost-effective kit options

• Encourage staff to report any issues or concerns with kit usage

Dr. Lal Path Lab is a leading diagnostic center in India.

• Founded in 1949 by Dr. S.K. Lal

• Offers a wide range of diagnostic tests including blood tests, imaging, and pathology

• Has over 190 clinical labs and over 1700 collection centers across India

• Provides online reports and home sample collection services

• Accredited by NABL and CAP

• Has partnerships with various hospitals and healthcare providers

Edta tube is used for collecting blood samples for tests like CBC, HbA1c, CD4 count, and other hematological tests.

• Edta tube is commonly used for complete blood count (CBC) to analyze different types of blood cells.

• HbA1c test, which measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months, is also done using blood collected in Edta tube.

• CD4 count, a test to monitor the immune system in HIV patients, is another test that uses blood collected in Edta tube.

• Other hematologica...read more

TSH investigation is done to assess thyroid function and diagnose conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.

• TSH stands for thyroid-stimulating hormone, which is produced by the pituitary gland to regulate thyroid hormone production.

• High TSH levels indicate an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), while low TSH levels indicate an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).

• TSH investigation is also used to monitor thyroid function in patients with thyroid disorders or those o...read more

Amino acids are required in hemoglobin test as they are the building blocks of proteins, including hemoglobin.

• Amino acids are essential for the synthesis of hemoglobin, which is a protein responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood.

• Deficiencies in specific amino acids can affect the production of hemoglobin and lead to conditions like anemia.

• Measuring amino acid levels can help in diagnosing certain genetic disorders that affect hemoglobin production.

• Amino acids also play a ...read more

Fluoride tubes are used to preserve blood samples for glucose testing to prevent glycolysis.

• Fluoride tubes contain sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate to inhibit glycolysis in blood samples.

• These tubes are commonly used for glucose testing to ensure accurate results.

• The fluoride in the tube prevents the breakdown of glucose in the blood sample, allowing for more reliable test results.

Control is used to ensure accuracy and consistency of measurements, while a calibrator is a standard reference used to calibrate instruments.

• Control is used to monitor the performance of a system or process over time.

• Calibrator is a known standard used to adjust or set the accuracy of an instrument.

• Controls are typically run alongside samples to ensure accurate results.

• Calibrators are used to adjust instruments like thermometers, pH meters, etc.

• Controls help in detecting erro...read more

Vendor engagement process involves identifying, evaluating, selecting, and managing vendors.

• Identify the need for a vendor

• Research and evaluate potential vendors

• Select the best vendor based on criteria such as cost, quality, and reliability

• Negotiate and finalize the contract

• Manage the vendor relationship and monitor performance

Temp workers can be used for sample outsourcing to meet short-term needs or to test new hires.

• Temp workers can be used to fill in for regular employees who are on leave or vacation.

• Temp workers can be used to handle a sudden increase in workload.

• Temp workers can be used to test new hires before making a permanent offer.

• Temp workers can be used to handle specialized tasks that require specific skills.

• Temp workers can be used to provide flexibility in staffing levels.

• Temp worke...read more

CSAT stands for Customer Satisfaction. It is a metric used to measure how satisfied customers are with a company's products or services.

• CSAT is usually measured through surveys or feedback forms.

• It is expressed as a percentage, with 100% being the highest possible score.

• CSAT scores can be used to identify areas for improvement and track progress over time.

• For example, a company might ask customers to rate their satisfaction with a recent purchase on a scale of 1-5.

• A score of ...read more

Instrument handling in the lab area is crucial for accurate and reliable test results.

• Follow proper protocols for instrument setup, calibration, and maintenance.

• Ensure instruments are clean and free from contamination before use.

• Handle instruments with care to prevent damage or malfunction.

• Adhere to safety guidelines when operating instruments.

• Regularly monitor and troubleshoot instruments for any issues.

• Keep accurate records of instrument usage and maintenance.

• Stay updated w...read more

Venipuncture is the process of obtaining blood from a vein for testing or donation purposes.

• Venipuncture is a common procedure performed by phlebotomists to collect blood samples.

• It involves inserting a needle into a vein, typically in the arm, to draw blood.

• The blood sample collected through venipuncture is then used for various medical tests and procedures.

• Proper technique and knowledge of anatomy are essential for successful venipuncture.

Yes, there is a shifting duty.

• The job requires working in different shifts.

• The schedule may vary from week to week.

• The candidate should be flexible with their availability.

• Examples: morning, afternoon, evening, night shifts.

• The employer may provide a rotating schedule.

Quality of growth refers to the improvement and development of skills and knowledge over time.

• Quality of growth is important in any profession, including phlebotomy.

• It involves continuous learning and improvement of skills and knowledge.

• Examples of quality of growth in phlebotomy include staying up-to-date with new techniques and technologies, attending continuing education courses, and seeking feedback from colleagues and supervisors.

Clean slate theory under IBC refers to the process of wiping out the past debts and starting afresh with a clean financial record.

• Clean slate theory allows for the resolution of insolvency by providing a fresh start to the debtor.

• It involves the restructuring of debts and assets to enable the debtor to make a fresh beginning.

• Under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), the clean slate theory aims to promote the revival of financially distressed companies.

• By wiping out past...read more

PPE stands for Personal Protective Equipment, which includes items like masks, gloves, and goggles to protect against hazards.

• PPE is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that can cause serious workplace injuries or illnesses.

• Examples of PPE include masks, gloves, goggles, helmets, safety shoes, and earplugs.

• PPE should be used in accordance with workplace safety regulations and guidelines.

• Proper training on the correct use and maintenance of PPE is essential for ensu...read more

Revenue reconciliation is the process of comparing and matching the revenue recorded in the financial statements with the actual revenue earned.

• It involves verifying the accuracy and completeness of revenue transactions.

• It ensures that all revenue is properly recorded and accounted for.

• Revenue reconciliation may involve comparing sales records, invoices, receipts, and bank statements.

• It helps identify any discrepancies or errors in revenue recognition.

• The process may also inc...read more

My last company target was to increase sales by 15% within the first quarter.

• Exceeded sales target by 20% in the first quarter

• Implemented new sales strategies to reach target

• Collaborated with marketing team to drive sales growth

Last month Target

• Target's sales performance last month

• Any promotions or events at Target last month

• Competitor analysis for Target last month

DNA sequencing is a technique used in microbiology to determine the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.

• DNA sequencing helps identify and study microorganisms

• It can be used to detect genetic variations and mutations

• Sequencing can aid in understanding microbial evolution and diversity

• It enables the identification of antibiotic resistance genes

• Examples of DNA sequencing techniques include Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing

Normal value of sodium in blood is typically between 135-145 mmol/L.

• Normal value of sodium in blood is typically between 135-145 mmol/L

• Sodium levels can be affected by factors such as dehydration, kidney function, and medications

• Abnormal sodium levels can indicate conditions like dehydration, kidney disease, or hormonal imbalances

Order draw refers to the sequence in which blood samples are collected from patients for laboratory testing.

• Order draw is important to ensure accurate test results.

• It involves following a specific order when collecting blood samples from multiple tubes.

• For example, tubes for coagulation tests should be drawn before tubes for chemistry tests.

I chose to become a phlebotomist because I enjoy helping others, have a passion for healthcare, and find the field of laboratory work fascinating.

• I have a strong desire to help others and make a positive impact on their health

• I am passionate about the healthcare field and enjoy working in a medical setting

• I find the process of drawing blood and analyzing samples in the laboratory to be intriguing and rewarding

The order of draw procedure is a sequence of collecting blood samples in specific tubes to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate test results.

• The order of draw is based on the type of additive present in the tubes.

• The first tube to be drawn is the one with no additives, usually a plain red top tube for serum samples.

• Next, tubes with additives like anticoagulants or clot activators are drawn in a specific order.

• The order may vary depending on the laboratory and the t...read more

Normal value of white blood cells (WBCs) typically ranges from 4,500 to 11,000 cells per microliter of blood.

• Normal range of WBCs is 4,500 to 11,000 cells per microliter of blood

• WBC count can vary based on age, gender, and health conditions

• Abnormal WBC count may indicate infection, inflammation, or other health issues