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CDD (Customer Due Diligence) is basic risk assessment, while EDD (Enhanced Due Diligence) is for higher-risk customers.
CDD is a standard process for verifying customer identity and assessing risk.
EDD involves more detailed investigation for high-risk customers, such as PEPs (Politically Exposed Persons).
For example, CDD may require basic ID verification, while EDD might involve source of funds checks.
CDD is typica...
Process knowledge refers to understanding the steps, tools, and techniques involved in a specific workflow or operation.
Involves understanding the sequence of tasks in a process, such as in manufacturing where assembly line steps are crucial.
Includes knowledge of tools and technologies used, like software in a data analysis process.
Encompasses best practices and standards, such as ISO certifications in quality man...
KYC, or Know Your Customer, is a process used by businesses to verify the identity of their clients.
KYC helps prevent fraud and money laundering by ensuring customers are who they claim to be.
It involves collecting personal information such as name, address, and identification documents.
For example, banks require KYC to open a new account, asking for a government-issued ID and proof of address.
KYC regulations vary...
Investment banking has various divisions, each specializing in different financial services and client needs.
Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A): This division advises companies on mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures, helping them navigate complex transactions.
Capital Markets: Focuses on raising capital for clients through equity and debt offerings, including IPOs and bond issuances.
Sales and Trading: Involves ...
Design a file explorer application with features like navigation, file operations, and search functionality.
Implement a tree structure to represent directories and files.
Use a graphical user interface (GUI) for user interaction, e.g., Java Swing or React.
Include features like 'Create', 'Delete', 'Rename', and 'Move' for files and folders.
Implement a search functionality to find files by name or type.
Consider addin...
KYC red flags are indicators of potential risks in customer identification and verification processes.
Inconsistent information: A customer provides different addresses on various documents.
Unusual transaction patterns: A sudden spike in transaction volume that deviates from a customer's normal behavior.
High-risk jurisdictions: A customer is from a country known for money laundering or terrorist financing.
Lack of t...
The improvement project I am referring to is a process optimization initiative aimed at reducing production downtime.
Identifying bottlenecks in the production process
Implementing new scheduling techniques
Training staff on efficient maintenance practices
Option greeks are measures used to assess the sensitivity of an option's price to changes in various factors.
Option greeks include Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega, and Rho.
Delta measures the change in option price for a $1 change in the underlying asset price.
Gamma measures the rate of change of Delta.
Theta measures the change in option price with the passage of time.
Vega measures the change in option price for a 1% cha...
A lambda expression is a concise way to represent an anonymous function, often used with functional interfaces in Java.
Lambda expressions provide a way to pass functionality as an argument to a method.
Functional interfaces are interfaces with a single abstract method, which can be implemented using lambda expressions.
Example: (x, y) -> x + y is a lambda expression that takes two parameters and returns their sum...
HashMap is not thread-safe, ConcurrentHashMap allows concurrent access, synchronized HashMap uses explicit synchronization.
HashMap is not thread-safe and can lead to ConcurrentModificationException if accessed by multiple threads simultaneously.
ConcurrentHashMap allows concurrent access by multiple threads without the need for external synchronization.
Synchronized HashMap uses explicit synchronization to make it t...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Apr 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
Builder/Factory Pattern is used to create objects with complex initialization logic.
Builder Pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.
Factory Pattern creates objects without specifying the exact class of object that will be created.
Builder Pattern is often used to create immutable objects with many optional parameters.
Factory Pattern is used when there is a need to create multiple i...
Redux is used in React to manage the application state in a predictable way.
Centralized state management for React applications
Predictable state changes with actions and reducers
Easier debugging and testing of state changes
Facilitates communication between components
Filter a List using Streams in Java
Use the filter() method to apply a predicate to each element in the stream
Use collect() method to convert the stream back to a List
Example: List<String> names = Arrays.asList("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"); List<String> filteredNames = names.stream().filter(name -> name.startsWith("A")).collect(Collectors.toList());
Creating an Entity Class in Java
Define class with @Entity annotation
Add @Id annotation for primary key
Include fields with appropriate data types
There are three types of autowiring in Spring: byType, byName, and constructor.
byType: Spring looks for a bean of the same type and injects it.
byName: Spring looks for a bean with the same name and injects it.
constructor: Spring looks for a constructor and injects the arguments.
Lazy fetch loads data only when needed, while eager fetch loads all related data upfront.
Lazy fetch is more efficient for performance as it only loads data when required.
Eager fetch can lead to performance issues by loading unnecessary data upfront.
Lazy fetch is the default behavior in JPA, while eager fetch needs to be explicitly specified.
Example: Lazy fetch can be used for loading a list of items in a shopping cart ...
Transaction management in Hibernate ensures ACID properties for database operations.
Hibernate provides built-in transaction management support through Session interface.
Transactions can be managed programmatically using beginTransaction(), commit(), and rollback() methods.
Hibernate also supports declarative transaction management using annotations like @Transactional.
Transactions in Hibernate ensure Atomicity, Consiste...
Attached entities are actively managed by the persistence context, while detached entities are no longer actively managed.
Attached entities are being managed by the persistence context and any changes made to them will be automatically synchronized with the database.
Detached entities are not being managed by the persistence context and changes made to them will not be automatically synchronized with the database.
Entiti...
Creating two beans in Java using Spring framework
Use @Component annotation to define a bean
Specify the bean name using @Component("beanName")
Use @Autowired annotation to inject one bean into another
Sort an Employee HashMap based on keys or values
Use TreeMap to automatically sort by keys
Use Comparator to sort by values
Convert HashMap to List and then sort
3 coding que easy,med and hard
I faced various challenges in engineering, including technical hurdles, team dynamics, and project management issues.
Technical challenges: Encountered complex algorithms that required extensive research and testing, such as optimizing a sorting algorithm for large datasets.
Team dynamics: Navigated conflicts within the team regarding design decisions, which required mediation and compromise to reach a consensus.
Project ...
I chose Deutsche Bank for its innovative technology, global reach, and commitment to professional growth in the finance sector.
Deutsche Bank is at the forefront of financial technology, allowing me to work on cutting-edge projects.
The bank's global presence offers opportunities to collaborate with diverse teams across different markets.
I admire Deutsche Bank's commitment to sustainability and responsible banking, align...
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There was 1 interview round.
Different types of securities include stocks, bonds, options, and mutual funds.
Stocks represent ownership in a company
Bonds are debt securities issued by governments or corporations
Options give the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a specified price
Mutual funds pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio
Other types include ETFs, futures, and derivatives
Capital markets are financial markets where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold.
Capital markets facilitate the buying and selling of long-term financial instruments such as stocks and bonds.
They provide a platform for companies and governments to raise funds for various projects and initiatives.
Investors can trade securities in the capital markets to earn returns on their investments.
Examples...
Corporate actions are events initiated by a public company that can affect its stock price or ownership structure.
Corporate actions include dividends, stock splits, mergers, acquisitions, spin-offs, and rights issues.
These actions can impact shareholders by changing the value of their investments or the number of shares they own.
Investors need to stay informed about corporate actions to make informed decisions about th...
Bonus declaration affects liabilities and retained earnings on the balance sheet.
When a bonus is declared, it creates a liability for the company, recorded as 'Bonus Payable'.
The journal entry would be: Debit 'Retained Earnings' and Credit 'Bonus Payable'.
For example, if a company declares a $10,000 bonus, it reduces retained earnings by $10,000.
Upon payment of the bonus, the company will debit 'Bonus Payable' and cred...
The actual rate of return is more than 10% due to the bond being issued at a discount. The method used for its calculation is Yield to Maturity (YTM).
Bond issued at discount means the actual rate of return is higher than the fixed rate.
Yield to Maturity (YTM) is used to calculate the actual rate of return on a bond.
YTM takes into account the bond's current market price, par value, coupon payments, and time to maturity.
If a company declares a dividend but does not pay it, the balance sheet of the shareholder will show an increase in their retained earnings and a corresponding decrease in their cash or assets.
The shareholder's equity will increase by the amount of the declared dividend.
The company's liabilities will also increase by the same amount until the dividend is paid.
The shareholder will see an increase in their retained earni...
Mutual fund buys shares on trade date and settles on settlement date.
Mutual fund purchases shares on the trade date, which is the date the transaction is executed.
Settlement date is the date on which the mutual fund actually pays for the shares and receives ownership.
The journal entry on the trade date would debit the investment account and credit the cash account.
The journal entry on the settlement date would reverse ...
Investment opportunities include stocks, bonds, real estate, commodities, and startups.
Stocks - buying shares of a company
Bonds - lending money to a corporation or government
Real estate - purchasing property for rental income or appreciation
Commodities - investing in physical goods like gold or oil
Startups - funding early-stage companies in exchange for equity
Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset or group of assets.
Types of derivatives include futures, options, swaps, and forwards.
Futures contracts obligate the buyer to purchase an asset at a specific price on a future date.
Options give the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified timeframe.
Swaps involve the e...
My priority in my career is continuous learning and growth, followed by making a positive impact in the organization.
Continuous learning through training, certifications, and staying updated with industry trends
Seeking opportunities for growth and advancement within the organization
Contributing positively to the organization's goals and objectives
Balancing personal and professional development to achieve long-term succ...
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There was 1 interview round.
HashMap is not thread-safe, ConcurrentHashMap allows concurrent access, synchronized HashMap uses explicit synchronization.
HashMap is not thread-safe and can lead to ConcurrentModificationException if accessed by multiple threads simultaneously.
ConcurrentHashMap allows concurrent access by multiple threads without the need for external synchronization.
Synchronized HashMap uses explicit synchronization to make it thread...
A lambda expression is a concise way to represent an anonymous function, often used with functional interfaces in Java.
Lambda expressions provide a way to pass functionality as an argument to a method.
Functional interfaces are interfaces with a single abstract method, which can be implemented using lambda expressions.
Example: (x, y) -> x + y is a lambda expression that takes two parameters and returns their sum.
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
Schema evolution in Scala allows for changes in data structure without breaking compatibility with existing data.
Use Avro or Parquet formats for schema evolution in big data applications.
Define a base schema and use optional fields for new data attributes.
Example: Adding a new field 'age' to a user schema without affecting existing records.
Leverage libraries like Apache Spark for handling schema evolution in data proce...
Array questions were asked of medium level
Questions on linkedlist, trees, graphs were asked
It was data structures and algorithm
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and methods.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within one unit (e.g., a class).
Inheritance: Mechanism to create a new class using properties and methods of an existing class (e.g., a 'Dog' class inheriting from an 'Animal' class).
Polymorphism: Ability to present the same int...
To increase performance of a COBOL program using multiple cursors, consider optimizing the SQL queries, reducing the number of cursors, and using efficient data structures.
Optimize SQL queries to retrieve only necessary data
Reduce the number of cursors by combining multiple queries into one
Use efficient data structures like arrays or tables to store and manipulate data
Avoid unnecessary looping and processing within cur...
To resolve division by zero error, check for zero before performing division operation.
Check if the denominator is zero before performing division operation
Handle the error by displaying a message or returning a default value
Use conditional statements or try-catch blocks to prevent division by zero
Abend the program by moving error code to Return code
To abend the program, set the return code to a non-zero value indicating an error
This can be done using a conditional statement to check for errors and then setting the return code accordingly
For example, in COBOL, you can use the ACCEPT statement to move the error code to the return code
To check if a file is empty, you can use file size or read the file and check for any content.
Check the file size using system functions like stat() or file length property
Read the file and check if there is any content present
Use file handling functions to determine if the file is empty
To read a file with different record structures, use a combination of file parsing techniques and data manipulation.
Identify the record structure of each section in the file
Use conditional logic to parse each record based on its structure
Implement error handling for unexpected record structures
Utilize tools like regular expressions or custom parsing functions
Consider using libraries or frameworks that support flexible ...
No, SQLCA EXEC SQL is not mandatory for Mainframe Developer.
SQLCA EXEC SQL is not mandatory but can be used for error handling and status checking in COBOL programs.
It is used to retrieve information about the most recent SQL operation.
Developers can choose to use SQLCODE and SQLSTATE instead of SQLCA EXEC SQL.
Data from Cobol can be passed to JCL using file handling techniques like writing data to a dataset or passing parameters through PROCs.
Use file handling techniques to write data from Cobol program to a dataset that can be accessed by JCL.
Pass parameters from Cobol program to JCL using PROCs.
Use symbolic parameters in JCL to reference data from Cobol programs.
Use the COND parameter in the JCL to prevent job abend when subscript limit is reached.
Use COND parameter in JCL to check for subscript limit before executing subsequent steps
Set COND parameter to check for specific return code when subscript limit is reached
Add a condition to bypass subsequent steps if subscript limit is exceeded
To add the 10th additional record in a file using a Cobol program, you would need to read the file sequentially and write the new record at the appropriate position.
Read the file sequentially until you reach the 9th record
Write the 10th record at the current position in the file
Update the file with the new record
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