10+ Tata Motors Interview Questions and Answers

IEnumerable is used for in-memory collection operations, while IQueryable is used for database query operations.

• IEnumerable is used for querying data from in-memory collections like arrays, lists, etc.

• IQueryable is used for querying data from a database using LINQ to SQL or Entity Framework.

• IEnumerable executes the query in-memory, while IQueryable executes the query on the database server.

• IEnumerable is suitable for LINQ to Objects, while IQueryable is suitable for LINQ to E...read more

The number of sessions in an application is not fixed and can vary based on the application's design and requirements.

• The number of sessions in an application can depend on factors such as user activity, server capacity, and session management techniques.

• For example, a simple web application may have a limited number of sessions based on the server's capacity, while a complex enterprise application may have a larger number of sessions to handle multiple users and tasks.

• Sessio...read more

Temp table is a temporary table that is created in the memory or on the disk and is used to store data temporarily.

• Temp table is created using the CREATE TABLE statement with the # symbol before the table name.

• It is used to store intermediate results during complex queries or stored procedures.

• Temp tables are automatically dropped when the session that created them ends or when the connection is closed.

• Example: CREATE TABLE #tempTable (id INT, name VARCHAR(50))

• Example: INSERT...read more

Repository design pattern is a design pattern that separates the data access logic from the business logic in an application.

• It helps in achieving separation of concerns by isolating the data access code in a separate layer.

• It provides a centralized way to access data from various sources such as databases, web services, etc.

• It makes the codebase more maintainable and testable by abstracting the data access logic.

• Example: Using a repository pattern to handle database operatio...read more

Authentication in Web API involves verifying the identity of a user or system before granting access to resources.

• Authentication headers like Authorization header are used to send credentials

• Web API can use various authentication methods like JWT, OAuth, Basic Authentication

• Authentication middleware is used to validate credentials and generate tokens

• Access control lists (ACLs) can be used to define permissions for different users

Pillars of OOP are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. SOLID principles are Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion.

• Pillars of OOP: Abstraction - hiding complex implementation details, Encapsulation - bundling data and methods together, Inheritance - creating new classes from existing ones, Polymorphism - ability to use objects of different classes interchangeably

• SOLID principles: Single R...read more

SQL procedure is used to perform an action, while function returns a value.

• Procedures can modify data, while functions cannot.

• Functions can be used in SQL statements, while procedures cannot.

• Functions must return a value, while procedures do not have to.

• Example of a procedure: CREATE PROCEDURE myProcedure AS SELECT * FROM myTable;

• Example of a function: CREATE FUNCTION myFunction() RETURNS INT AS BEGIN RETURN 5; END;

Dependency injection is a design pattern where components are given their dependencies rather than creating them internally.

• Dependency injection helps in achieving loose coupling between classes.

• It allows for easier testing by providing a way to mock dependencies.

• There are three types of dependency injection - constructor injection, setter injection, and interface injection.

Join is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Join is used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column.

• Self join is when a table is joined with itself.

• Example: SELECT e1.name, e2.name FROM employees e1, employees e2 WHERE e1.manager_id = e2.employee_id;

MVC stands for Model-View-Controller, a software design pattern for organizing code in a web application.

• MVC separates the application into three main components: Model (data), View (UI), and Controller (logic).

• Model represents the data and business logic of the application.

• View is responsible for displaying the data to the user.

• Controller handles user input, updates the model, and selects the view to display.

• MVC promotes code reusability, modularity, and separation of concer...read more

Async-await is a feature in C# that allows asynchronous programming for better performance and responsiveness.

• Async-await allows methods to run asynchronously, improving performance by not blocking the main thread.

• It simplifies asynchronous programming by using keywords 'async' and 'await'.

• Example: async Task GetDataAsync() { await Task.Delay(1000); return 1; }

DI concept in .NET Core allows for loosely coupled components by injecting dependencies at runtime.

• DI stands for Dependency Injection

• It helps in achieving Inversion of Control (IoC)

• Reduces tight coupling between components

• Improves testability and maintainability of code

• Example: Services are injected into controllers in ASP.NET Core