Jindal Stainless Interview Questions and Answers

An executable file is generated by a compiler through various compilation stages.

• The compiler performs lexical analysis to break the source code into tokens.

• The tokens are then parsed and analyzed for syntax and semantics.

• The compiler generates an intermediate representation (IR) of the code.

• Optimizations are applied to the IR to improve performance.

• The IR is then transformed into assembly code specific to the target architecture.

• The assembly code is assembled into object fil...read more

Bit fields are used to allocate specific number of bits in a structure to store and manipulate data efficiently.

• Bit fields are declared using a colon (:) followed by the number of bits to allocate.

• They can be used to represent flags, status bits, or any other data that can be stored in a limited number of bits.

• Bit fields can help in reducing memory usage and improving performance.

• Here's an example: struct Flags { unsigned int flag1 : 1; unsigned int flag2 : 1; };

• In this examp...read more

Static storage class is used to declare variables that retain their values throughout the program execution.

• Variables declared with static storage class have a lifetime that extends for the entire duration of the program.

• They are initialized only once, at the start of the program execution.

• Static variables are stored in the data segment of the memory.

• They are not destroyed when a function is exited, allowing their values to be preserved for future function calls.

• Static storag...read more

The source file can be loaded into the micro-controller using a programming tool or a bootloader.

• Use a programming tool like JTAG or SWD to directly load the source file into the micro-controller's flash memory.

• Use a bootloader, which is a small program stored in the micro-controller's memory, to load the source file via a communication interface like UART, USB, or Ethernet.

• The source file can be converted into a binary file format compatible with the micro-controller's memor...read more

Find the second largest element in an array of strings.

• Convert the strings to integers for comparison.

• Sort the array in descending order.

• Return the second element in the sorted array.

Object-oriented programming concepts in C++

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data together. Example: class Car { private: int speed; public: void accelerate() { speed++; } };

• Inheritance: creating new classes based on existing classes. Example: class ElectricCar : public Car { public: void charge() { cout << 'Charging...'; } };

• Polymorphism: ability to present the same interface for different data types. Example: class Shape { public: virtual void dra...read more