Birlasoft Senior Lead Consultant Interview Questions and Answers

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is an abstract computing machine that enables a computer to run Java programs.

• JVM is platform-independent and converts Java bytecode into machine code.

• It consists of class loader, runtime data areas, execution engine, and native method interface.

• JVM memory is divided into method area, heap, stack, and PC register.

• Examples of JVM implementations include Oracle HotSpot, OpenJ9, and GraalVM.

The default connection pooling in Spring Boot is HikariCP, which can be customized through properties in the application.properties file.

• HikariCP is the default connection pooling library in Spring Boot, known for its high performance and low overhead.

• To customize the connection pooling, you can modify properties like 'spring.datasource.hikari.*' in the application.properties file.

• For example, you can set maximum pool ...read more

Best practices for optimizing a Spring Boot application

• Use Spring Boot Actuator to monitor and manage application performance

• Implement caching mechanisms like Spring Cache to reduce database calls

• Optimize database queries and indexes for better performance

• Use asynchronous processing with Spring's @Async annotation for non-blocking operations

• Profile and analyze application performance using tools like VisualVM or JProfi

A heap dump is a snapshot of the memory usage of a Java application at a specific point in time.

• Heap dumps can be generated using tools like jmap or VisualVM.

• They provide detailed information about objects in memory, their sizes, and references.

• Analyzing a heap dump can help identify memory leaks by pinpointing objects that are consuming excessive memory.

• Common signs of memory leaks in a heap dump include a large numbe...read more

Diagonally iterate through and print elements of a 2D array of strings.

• Use nested loops to iterate through rows and columns of the 2D array.

• Calculate the diagonal elements by incrementing row and column indices together.

• Print the elements as you iterate through the diagonal of the array.

Ppk and Cpk are process capability indices used in Six Sigma to measure the ability of a process to produce output within specification limits.

• Ppk and Cpk are statistical measurements that assess how well a process is performing in relation to its specification limits.

• Ppk measures the potential capability of a process to produce output within specification limits, while Cpk measures the actual capability of a process t...read more

Different types of risks include financial, operational, strategic, compliance, and reputational risks.

• Financial risk: related to the potential loss of financial resources, such as market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk.

• Operational risk: arises from internal processes, systems, or people, leading to errors, fraud, or disruptions.

• Strategic risk: involves the impact of business decisions on the organization's long-...read more

Probability plot curves denote the distribution of data points compared to a theoretical distribution.

• Probability plot curves help visualize how well a dataset fits a particular distribution.

• The curves can indicate if the data is normally distributed or follows a different distribution.

• Examples of probability plots include Q-Q plots and P-P plots.

HEAD method in REST API Integration is used to retrieve the headers of a resource without fetching the body.

• HEAD requests are similar to GET requests but only return the headers of the resource, not the body.

• This can be useful for checking the status of a resource or determining its size without downloading the entire content.

• For example, a HEAD request to a website URL will return the headers like content type, conten

Design a weather app using Android architecture components.

• Use MVVM architecture pattern for separation of concerns

• Implement LiveData for real-time data updates

• Utilize Room database for offline data storage

• Integrate Retrofit for network calls to fetch weather data

• Use ViewModel to manage UI-related data in a lifecycle-conscious way