Athenahealth Technology
60+ Naehas Software Interview Questions and Answers
Q1. Maximum Subarray Sum Problem Statement
Given an array arr
of length N
consisting of integers, find the sum of the subarray (including empty subarray) with the maximum sum among all subarrays.
Explanation:
A sub...read more
Find the sum of the subarray with the maximum sum among all subarrays in a given array.
Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum sum subarray seen so far.
Use Kadane's algorithm to efficiently find the maximum subarray sum.
Consider the case where all elements in the array are negative.
Handle the case where the array contains only one element.
Q2. Rectangular Numbers Problem Statement
Ninja has a number 'N'. Your task is to generate a pattern where the outer rectangle is filled with the number 'N', and as you move inward, the numbers decrease consecutive...read more
Generate a pattern with outer rectangle filled with number 'N' and decreasing consecutively inward.
Start by filling the outermost rectangle with the number 'N'.
Decrease the numbers consecutively as you move inward towards the center.
Continue this pattern until you reach the center of the rectangle.
Q3. Flipping Coins Problem
Gary has N coins placed in a straight line. Some coins have their head side up, and others have the tail side up.
Convention:
1 denotes the HEAD side is up.
0 denotes the TAIL side is up....read more
Find the maximum number of head-side up coins by flipping a continuous segment of coins.
Iterate through the array and calculate the maximum number of head-side up coins without flipping.
Iterate through the array and calculate the maximum number of head-side up coins after flipping a continuous segment.
Compare the results from the above two steps to find the maximum number of head-side up coins obtainable.
Q4. First Missing Positive Problem Statement
You are provided with an integer array ARR
of length 'N'. Your objective is to determine the first missing positive integer using linear time and constant space. This me...read more
Find the smallest positive integer missing from an array of integers.
Iterate through the array and mark positive integers as visited by changing the sign of the corresponding index.
After marking, iterate again to find the first positive integer with a positive value, which will be the smallest missing positive integer.
Handle edge cases like all negative numbers, duplicates, and missing 1 separately.
Q5. Problem: kth Missing Element in a Sequence
Given a strictly increasing sequence of integers VEC
, identify the Kth
missing contiguous integer element that is not present in the sequence, starting from the leftmo...read more
Find the kth missing element in a sequence of integers.
Iterate through the sequence to find missing elements.
Keep track of the count of missing elements found.
Return the kth missing element once count reaches k.
Q6. Find the Longest Palindromic Substring
Given a string ‘S’ composed of lowercase English letters, your task is to identify the longest palindromic substring within ‘S’.
If there are multiple longest palindromic ...read more
Find the longest palindromic substring in a given string, returning the rightmost one if multiple substrings are of the same length.
Iterate through each character in the string and expand around it to check for palindromes
Keep track of the longest palindromic substring found so far
Return the rightmost longest palindromic substring
Q7. Merge Sort Problem Statement
You are given a sequence of numbers, ARR
. Your task is to return a sorted sequence of ARR
in non-descending order using the Merge Sort algorithm.
Explanation:
The Merge Sort algorit...read more
Implement Merge Sort algorithm to sort a sequence of numbers in non-descending order.
Divide the input array into two halves recursively until each array has only one element.
Merge the sorted halves to produce a completely sorted array.
Time complexity of Merge Sort is O(n log n).
Example: Input: [3, 1, 4, 1, 5], Output: [1, 1, 3, 4, 5]
Q8. Sudoku Solver Problem Statement
Given a 9 x 9 2D matrix 'MATRIX', where some cells are filled with digits (1-9) and others are empty (denoted by 0), determine if there is a way to fill the empty cells such that...read more
The task is to determine if a given 9x9 Sudoku puzzle can be solved.
Check if each row, column, and 3x3 subgrid contains all numbers from 1 to 9 without repetition.
Iterate through each empty cell and try filling it with a valid number, then recursively check if the puzzle can be solved.
If all empty cells are filled without violating Sudoku rules, output 'yes'; otherwise, output 'no'.
Q9. Heap Sort Problem Statement
Given an array ARR
consisting of N
integers, your task is to use the Heap sort algorithm to arrange the array in non-decreasing order.
Input:
The first line of the input contains an ...read more
Implement the Heap sort algorithm to arrange an array in non-decreasing order.
Implement the Heap sort algorithm to sort the given array in non-decreasing order
Use a max heap to sort the array in non-decreasing order
Time complexity of Heap sort is O(n log n)
Q10. Reverse the String Problem Statement
You are given a string STR
which contains alphabets, numbers, and special characters. Your task is to reverse the string.
Example:
Input:
STR = "abcde"
Output:
"edcba"
Input...read more
Reverse a given string containing alphabets, numbers, and special characters.
Iterate through the string from the end to the beginning and append each character to a new string.
Use built-in functions like reverse() or StringBuilder in languages like Python or Java for efficient reversal.
Handle special characters and numbers along with alphabets while reversing the string.
Ensure to consider the constraints provided in the problem statement.
Test the solution with different test ...read more
Q11. Binary Array Sorting Problem Statement
You are provided with a binary array, i.e., an array containing only 0s and 1s. Your task is to sort this binary array and return it after sorting.
Input:
The first line ...read more
Yes, the binary array sorting problem can be solved in linear time and constant space using a single traversal.
Use two pointers approach to swap 0s to the left and 1s to the right.
Maintain two pointers, one for 0s and one for 1s, and swap elements accordingly.
Example: Input: [1, 0, 1, 0, 1], Output: [0, 0, 1, 1, 1]
Q12. N Queens Problem
Given an integer N
, find all possible placements of N
queens on an N x N
chessboard such that no two queens threaten each other.
Explanation:
A queen can attack another queen if they are in the...read more
The N Queens Problem involves finding all possible placements of N queens on an N x N chessboard without threatening each other.
Use backtracking algorithm to explore all possible configurations.
Keep track of rows, columns, and diagonals to ensure queens do not threaten each other.
Generate valid configurations recursively and backtrack when a solution is not possible.
Q13. K Largest Elements Problem Statement
Given an unsorted array containing 'N' integers, you are required to find 'K' largest elements from the array and return them in non-decreasing order.
Input:
The first line ...read more
Implement a function to find K largest elements in an unsorted array in non-decreasing order.
Create a min heap of size K and insert the first K elements of the array
For each remaining element, if it is larger than the root of the heap, replace the root with the element and heapify
Finally, the heap will contain the K largest elements in non-decreasing order
Q14. Word Distance Calculation
Given a document represented as an array/list ARR
of words with length N
, find the smallest distance between two given words for multiple queries. The distance is defined as the differ...read more
Find the smallest distance between two words in a document for multiple queries.
Iterate through the document to find the indices of the given words in the document array.
Calculate the distance between the two indices for each query.
Return the smallest distance or 'N' if a word from the query is not present in the document.
Q15. Cycle Detection in a Singly Linked List
Determine if a given singly linked list of integers forms a cycle or not.
A cycle in a linked list occurs when a node's next
points back to a previous node in the list. T...read more
Detect if a singly linked list forms a cycle by checking if a node's next points back to a previous node.
Traverse the linked list using two pointers, one moving at double the speed of the other
If the two pointers meet at any point, there is a cycle in the linked list
If one of the pointers reaches the end of the list (null), there is no cycle
Q16. Level Order Traversal Problem Statement
Given a binary tree of integers, return the level order traversal of the binary tree.
Input:
The first line contains an integer 'T', representing the number of test cases...read more
The task is to implement a function that returns the level order traversal of a binary tree given in level order.
Create a queue to store nodes for level order traversal
Start with the root node and enqueue it
While the queue is not empty, dequeue a node, print its value, and enqueue its children
Repeat until all nodes are traversed
Q17. Java: Count the frequency of characters/words and sort them based on number of occurrences in descending. Ex: "Sharing interview experience certainly helps others." - Return the maximum number of characters and...
read moreCount the frequency of characters/words and sort them based on number of occurrences in descending order.
Split the input string into individual words
Create a map to store the frequency of each character/word
Sort the map based on the number of occurrences in descending order
Return the maximum number of characters/words along with the number of occurrences
Q18. Search in a Row-wise and Column-wise Sorted Matrix Problem Statement
You are given an N * N matrix of integers where each row and each column is sorted in increasing order. Your task is to find the position of ...read more
Given a sorted N * N matrix, find the position of a target integer 'X'.
Start from the top-right corner of the matrix and compare the target with the element at that position.
Based on the comparison, move left or down in the matrix to narrow down the search.
Repeat the process until the target is found or the search goes out of bounds.
Return the position of the target if found, else return {-1, -1}.
Q19. Next Greater Element Problem Statement
You are given an array arr
of length N
. For each element in the array, find the next greater element (NGE) that appears to the right. If there is no such greater element, ...read more
The task is to find the next greater element for each element in an array to its right, if no greater element exists, return -1.
Iterate through the array from right to left and use a stack to keep track of elements.
Pop elements from the stack until a greater element is found or the stack is empty.
Store the next greater element for each element in the output array.
Q20. Remove Character from String Problem Statement
Given a string str
and a character 'X', develop a function to eliminate all instances of 'X' from str
and return the resulting string.
Input:
The first line contai...read more
Develop a function to remove all instances of a given character from a string.
Iterate through the string and build a new string excluding the specified character.
Use a StringBuilder or similar data structure for efficient string manipulation.
Handle edge cases like empty string or character not found in the input string.
Ensure the function completes within the given time constraint.
Q21. Triangle of Numbers Pattern
Ninja is tasked with printing a triangle pattern based on a given number 'N' for any test case.
Example:
Input:
N = 4
Output:
1
232
34545
4567654
Explanation:
The pattern comprises n...read more
Print a triangle pattern of numbers based on a given number 'N'.
Iterate through each row and column to determine the numbers to print
Use a combination of spaces and numbers to align the pattern correctly
Increment the numbers in each row based on the row number
Q22. Convert Binary Tree to Mirror Tree
Convert a given binary tree into its mirror tree, where the left and right children of all non-leaf nodes are interchanged.
Input:
An integer ‘T’ denoting the number of test c...read more
Convert a binary tree into its mirror tree by interchanging left and right children of non-leaf nodes.
Traverse the tree in postorder fashion and swap the left and right children of each node.
Use recursion to solve the problem efficiently.
Modify the binary tree in place without creating a new tree.
Join tables on employee ID, filter by balance less than 200, select employee names.
Join tables on employee ID attribute
Filter rows where balance is less than 200
Select employee names from the result
Q24. Form a Triangle Problem Statement
You are provided with an integer array/list ARR
of length N. Your task is to determine if it is possible to construct at least one non-degenerate triangle using the values of t...read more
Check if it is possible to form a non-degenerate triangle using the sides provided in the array.
Check if the sum of any two sides is greater than the third side for all combinations.
If any such combination exists, return true; otherwise, return false.
Handle multiple test cases as per the constraints provided.
Q25. Senior Architect: Different design patterns used to design a system. Microservices patterns, retry mechanism, bulk head pattern. Generic discussion on designing a system and questions around it
Design patterns such as microservices, retry mechanism, and bulkhead pattern are used to design a system for scalability, fault tolerance, and resilience.
Microservices pattern involves breaking down a system into smaller, independent services that communicate through APIs.
Retry mechanism is used to handle transient failures by automatically retrying failed operations.
Bulkhead pattern isolates different components of a system to prevent failures in one part from affecting othe...read more
Pirates follow a specific ranking system to divide 100 gold coins among themselves.
Pirate 1 proposes a division of coins.
All pirates, including the proposer, vote on the proposal.
If majority agree, the coins are divided as proposed. If not, the proposer is thrown overboard and Pirate 2 makes a new proposal.
This process continues until a majority agree on a proposal.
Pirates are greedy and will always vote to throw someone overboard if they can get more coins in the next round.
Q27. How would you design a binary tree, write a snippet to print all nodes.
Design and print all nodes of a binary tree.
Design a binary tree structure with left and right child pointers for each node.
Implement a recursive function to print all nodes of the binary tree.
Start from the root node and recursively print the left subtree, then the root, and finally the right subtree.
Hash Table is better for fast lookups and insertions, while B Tree is better for range queries and ordered traversal.
Use Hash Table for fast lookups and insertions with O(1) average time complexity.
Use B Tree for range queries and ordered traversal with O(log n) time complexity.
Consider the size of the dataset and the specific operations needed to determine the best data structure.
Q29. In fusion procedure, if autologus and non-autologus tissue graft use means what will you do?
In fusion procedure, if autologous and non-autologous tissue graft are used, the appropriate coding would depend on the specific details of the procedure.
Assign separate codes for autologous and non-autologous tissue grafts
Use the appropriate CPT codes for each type of tissue graft used
Ensure accurate documentation of the specific types of tissue grafts used in the fusion procedure
Q30. Sepsis secondary to UTI due to urinary catheter? what is PDx here
The primary diagnosis (PDx) in this case would be sepsis.
PDx would be sepsis as it is the main reason for hospitalization and treatment.
Secondary diagnoses would include UTI and urinary catheter.
The focus should be on treating the sepsis while also addressing the underlying UTI and catheter issues.
The minimum number of planes required to go around the world is one.
One plane can fly around the world without needing to stop.
The plane can refuel mid-air or carry enough fuel for the entire journey.
Examples: Non-stop flights like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350 can circumnavigate the globe with one plane.
BST is a binary tree structure where each node has at most two children, while Tries are tree structures used for storing strings.
BST is used for searching, inserting, and deleting elements in a sorted manner.
Tries are used for storing and searching strings efficiently.
BST has a hierarchical structure with left and right child nodes.
Tries have nodes representing characters, forming a tree-like structure for strings.
Example: BST can be used to store numbers in sorted order, wh...read more
Q33. Preeclampsia is progressed to severe preeclampsia, How will you code and what is POA indicator
To code severe preeclampsia, use O14.1 with POA indicator 1 for present on admission.
Code severe preeclampsia as O14.1
Use POA indicator 1 to indicate it was present on admission
Document any additional details or complications in the medical record
Assign additional codes for any associated conditions or symptoms
Review official coding guidelines for accurate coding
Q34. sort the array, string manipulation and searching
Sorting an array and manipulating/searching strings are important skills for a Member Technical Staff.
Sorting an array can be done using built-in functions like sort() or by implementing sorting algorithms like bubble sort, merge sort, quick sort, etc.
String manipulation involves operations like concatenation, substring extraction, character replacement, etc. and can be done using built-in functions or by implementing custom functions.
Searching in strings can be done using bu...read more
Q35. How to find excisional debridement and non excisional debridement
Excisional debridement involves removal of tissue, while non-excisional debridement does not involve tissue removal.
Excisional debridement involves cutting away dead or damaged tissue from a wound
Non-excisional debridement includes methods like enzymatic debridement or autolytic debridement
To find excisional debridement in medical records, look for codes such as 11042-11047 in CPT codes
For non-excisional debridement, look for codes like 97602-97606 in CPT codes
Q36. Find largest increasing subsequence count from an array of numbers
The largest increasing subsequence count from an array of numbers is to find the length of the longest increasing subsequence.
Iterate through the array and keep track of the length of the longest increasing subsequence encountered so far.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.
Example: For the array [10, 22, 9, 33, 21, 50, 41, 60, 80], the longest increasing subsequence count is 6.
Indexing in databases is a technique used to improve the speed of data retrieval by creating a data structure that allows for quick lookups.
Indexes are created on specific columns in a database table to speed up queries that search for data in those columns.
Indexes work similar to the index of a book, allowing the database to quickly locate the desired data without having to scan the entire table.
Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique keys, and composite indexes.
Wit...read more
Q38. What are the approach found in PCS coding
Approaches in PCS coding include root operation, body part, approach, device, qualifier, and body system.
Root operation: The main action performed on the body part.
Body part: The specific body part involved in the procedure.
Approach: The method used to reach the body part for the procedure.
Device: Any tools or devices used during the procedure.
Qualifier: Additional information about the procedure.
Body system: The anatomical system related to the procedure.
Q39. What are some of the analytical functions available in SQL?
Analytical functions in SQL are used to perform calculations on sets of rows.
Aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, MIN, MAX
Window functions like ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, LAG, LEAD
Ranking functions like NTILE, PERCENT_RANK, CUME_DIST
Statistical functions like STDDEV, VARIANCE
String functions like CONCAT, SUBSTRING, TRIM
Q40. Top 5 Frequency of word
The top 5 most frequently occurring words in a given text.
Tokenize the text into words
Create a dictionary to store word frequencies
Iterate through the words and update the dictionary
Sort the dictionary by frequency and return the top 5 words
Handle edge cases such as punctuation and stop words
Q41. How do to handle stakeholder's interests?
Handle stakeholder's interests by understanding their needs, communicating effectively, and delivering results.
Understand the stakeholders' needs and priorities
Communicate regularly and effectively with stakeholders
Involve stakeholders in decision-making processes
Deliver results that align with stakeholders' interests
Manage expectations and address concerns promptly
Q42. Add Two Numbers represented as linked lists into one linked list
The task is to add two numbers represented as linked lists and return the result as a new linked list.
Traverse both linked lists simultaneously, starting from the head
Add the corresponding nodes from both lists along with any carry from the previous addition
If the sum is greater than 9, set the carry to 1 and take the remainder as the new node value
Move to the next nodes in both lists
Continue this process until both lists are exhausted
If there is still a carry remaining, add ...read more
Q43. Reverse LL using recursion, Find the path in a btree that sums closest to a value K
Reverse LL using recursion, Find path in btree closest to sum K
Implement a recursive function to reverse a linked list
Traverse the binary tree to find all paths and calculate their sums
Keep track of the path with sum closest to K
Q44. coding to find the excel column name using given number
Convert given number to Excel column name
Use ASCII values to map numbers to characters (A=65, B=66, ...)
Divide the number by 26 to get the column name
Handle edge cases like 'Z' and multiple characters
Q45. synchronized block and method, use of lock in method
Synchronized block and method are used in Java to control access to shared resources using locks.
Synchronized block allows locking on a specific object instance or class
Synchronized method locks on the object instance
Locks prevent multiple threads from accessing the synchronized code simultaneously
Q46. Peak of mountain
The peak of a mountain is the highest point on the mountain, often offering stunning views and a sense of accomplishment.
The peak of a mountain is typically reached after a challenging climb.
Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world, standing at 29,032 feet above sea level.
Many hikers and climbers set goals to reach the peak of specific mountains as a personal challenge.
Q47. Contacts between insurances and providers
Contacts between insurances and providers involve communication regarding coverage, claims, and billing.
Insurances and providers communicate to verify coverage for services
Providers submit claims to insurances for reimbursement
Insurances and providers discuss billing and payment issues
Contracts between insurances and providers outline terms of reimbursement
Q48. Whats your approach on green field projects a
Virtual functions are functions in a base class that are overridden in derived classes, allowing for polymorphic behavior.
Virtual functions are declared in a base class with the 'virtual' keyword.
They are meant to be overridden in derived classes to provide specific implementations.
They allow for polymorphism, where a pointer to a base class can call a derived class's overridden function.
Example: virtual void display() = 0; // pure virtual function in C++
Q50. Print the output using maps in JavaScript
Printing output using maps in JavaScript
Create a new Map object
Add key-value pairs using set() method
Access values using get() method
Iterate over the map using for...of loop
Q51. Caridac ablation - root operation?
The root operation for cardiac ablation is Destruction.
The root operation for cardiac ablation is Destruction, which involves eliminating all or a portion of a body part.
Other examples of procedures with the root operation of Destruction include excision of a lesion and removal of a foreign body.
Understanding the root operation is crucial in medical coding to accurately assign the correct procedure code.
Q52. Difference between tuple and delete command
Tuple is a data structure that stores a fixed number of elements, while delete command is used to remove data from a database table.
Tuple is used to store multiple values in a single variable, while delete command is used to remove specific rows from a database table.
Tuples are immutable, meaning their values cannot be changed once they are set, while delete command permanently removes data from a table.
Example: Tuple (1, 'apple', 3.14) vs. DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condit...read more
Q53. Height of BT
BT can refer to many things, please specify the context.
BT can refer to British Telecom, Bluetooth technology, or body temperature.
The height of British Telecom's headquarters is approximately 177 meters.
The height of a Bluetooth device is usually very small, ranging from a few millimeters to a few centimeters.
Body temperature can vary depending on the individual and the method of measurement.
Q54. streams program to find the numbers divisible by2
Using Java streams to find numbers divisible by 2
Use Java streams to filter numbers divisible by 2
Use the filter() method with a lambda expression to check for divisibility by 2
Collect the filtered numbers into a list or array
Q55. Mixed HLD with Hypercholestrolemia
Mixed hyperlipidemia is a condition where there are high levels of different types of fats in the blood, including both cholesterol and triglycerides.
Mixed hyperlipidemia is a combination of high cholesterol and high triglycerides in the blood.
Hypercholesterolemia specifically refers to high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
Treatment for mixed hyperlipidemia may involve lifestyle changes, medications, and monitoring cholesterol levels.
Examples of medications used to treat m...read more
Q56. what is the sast and dast tool used
SAST (Static Application Security Testing) and DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing) tools are commonly used in software development to identify and fix security vulnerabilities.
SAST tools analyze the source code of an application to identify potential security vulnerabilities before the code is compiled or executed. Examples include Checkmarx and Fortify.
DAST tools test the running application for vulnerabilities by simulating attacks. Examples include Burp Suite and O...read more
Q57. Sql query on 2nd highest salary
Use SQL query with ORDER BY and LIMIT to find the 2nd highest salary.
Use ORDER BY clause to sort salaries in descending order
Use LIMIT 1,1 to skip the first highest salary and get the second highest salary
Q58. Denial management of claims
Denial management of claims involves identifying reasons for claim denials and taking steps to resolve them.
Identify common reasons for claim denials such as incorrect patient information, lack of pre-authorization, or coding errors
Implement processes to prevent denials, such as verifying patient information before submitting claims
Work with payers to understand denial reasons and appeal denied claims with supporting documentation
Track denial trends to identify areas for impr...read more
Q59. Problems you have solved in your carrier
I have solved problems related to improving customer experience, optimizing business processes, and enhancing product features.
Developed a new customer feedback system that increased response rates by 30%
Streamlined the order fulfillment process resulting in a 20% reduction in delivery time
Implemented a new feature in the product that increased user engagement by 25%
Resolved a critical bug in the system that was causing frequent crashes
Identified and addressed communication g...read more
Q60. Which soap do you use?
I use a gentle and effective antibacterial soap to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.
I prefer using antibacterial soap to kill germs and prevent infections
I choose a soap with a pleasant scent to leave a fresh fragrance
I make sure the soap is gentle on skin to avoid irritation
Q61. design problem on healthcare sector
Design a mobile app for patients to easily track their medication intake and set reminders.
Include a user-friendly interface with large buttons for easy navigation.
Allow patients to input their medication schedule and receive notifications for each dose.
Incorporate a feature for patients to track their symptoms and side effects.
Integrate a database of common medications and their dosages for easy selection.
Include a secure login system to protect patients' personal health inf...read more
Q62. explain your project cicd pipeline
Our project CI/CD pipeline automates the process of building, testing, and deploying code changes.
Utilizes Jenkins for continuous integration
Includes automated testing using Selenium for frontend and JUnit for backend
Integrates with GitLab for version control
Deploys to AWS using Terraform scripts
Q63. Coding using array methods
Array methods are used to manipulate arrays in programming languages.
Array methods like map, filter, and reduce are commonly used to perform operations on arrays.
For example, you can use map to transform each element in an array, filter to remove elements based on a condition, and reduce to combine all elements into a single value.
Other array methods include forEach, find, and sort, each serving a specific purpose in array manipulation.
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