60+ Cyient Interview Questions and Answers

Find the sum of the subarray with the maximum sum among all subarrays in a given array.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum sum subarray seen so far.

• Use Kadane's algorithm to efficiently find the maximum subarray sum.

• Consider the case where all elements in the array are negative.

• Handle the case where the array contains only one element.

Generate a pattern with outer rectangle filled with number 'N' and decreasing consecutively inward.

• Start by filling the outermost rectangle with the number 'N'.

• Decrease the numbers consecutively as you move inward towards the center.

• Continue this pattern until you reach the center of the rectangle.

Find the maximum number of head-side up coins by flipping a continuous segment of coins.

• Iterate through the array and calculate the maximum number of head-side up coins without flipping.

• Iterate through the array and calculate the maximum number of head-side up coins after flipping a continuous segment.

• Compare the results from the above two steps to find the maximum number of head-side up coins obtainable.

Find the smallest positive integer missing from an array of integers.

• Iterate through the array and mark positive integers as visited by changing the sign of the corresponding index.

• After marking, iterate again to find the first positive integer with a positive value, which will be the smallest missing positive integer.

• Handle edge cases like all negative numbers, duplicates, and missing 1 separately.

Find the kth missing element in a sequence of integers.

• Iterate through the sequence to find missing elements.

• Keep track of the count of missing elements found.

• Return the kth missing element once count reaches k.

Find the longest palindromic substring in a given string, returning the rightmost one if multiple substrings are of the same length.

• Iterate through each character in the string and expand around it to check for palindromes

• Keep track of the longest palindromic substring found so far

• Return the rightmost longest palindromic substring

The task is to determine if a given 9x9 Sudoku puzzle can be solved.

• Check if each row, column, and 3x3 subgrid contains all numbers from 1 to 9 without repetition.

• Iterate through each empty cell and try filling it with a valid number, then recursively check if the puzzle can be solved.

• If all empty cells are filled without violating Sudoku rules, output 'yes'; otherwise, output 'no'.

Implement Merge Sort algorithm to sort a sequence of numbers in non-descending order.

• Divide the input array into two halves recursively until each array has only one element.

• Merge the sorted halves to produce a completely sorted array.

• Time complexity of Merge Sort is O(n log n).

• Example: Input: [3, 1, 4, 1, 5], Output: [1, 1, 3, 4, 5]

Implement the Heap sort algorithm to arrange an array in non-decreasing order.

• Implement the Heap sort algorithm to sort the given array in non-decreasing order

• Use a max heap to sort the array in non-decreasing order

• Time complexity of Heap sort is O(n log n)

Reverse a given string containing alphabets, numbers, and special characters.

• Iterate through the string from the end to the beginning and append each character to a new string.

• Use built-in functions like reverse() or StringBuilder in languages like Python or Java for efficient reversal.

• Handle special characters and numbers along with alphabets while reversing the string.

• Ensure to consider the constraints provided in the problem statement.

• Test the solution with different test ...read more

Yes, the binary array sorting problem can be solved in linear time and constant space using a single traversal.

• Use two pointers approach to swap 0s to the left and 1s to the right.

• Maintain two pointers, one for 0s and one for 1s, and swap elements accordingly.

• Example: Input: [1, 0, 1, 0, 1], Output: [0, 0, 1, 1, 1]

The N Queens Problem involves finding all possible placements of N queens on an N x N chessboard without threatening each other.

• Use backtracking algorithm to explore all possible configurations.

• Keep track of rows, columns, and diagonals to ensure queens do not threaten each other.

• Generate valid configurations recursively and backtrack when a solution is not possible.

Implement a function to find K largest elements in an unsorted array in non-decreasing order.

• Create a min heap of size K and insert the first K elements of the array

• For each remaining element, if it is larger than the root of the heap, replace the root with the element and heapify

• Finally, the heap will contain the K largest elements in non-decreasing order

Find the smallest distance between two words in a document for multiple queries.

• Iterate through the document to find the indices of the given words in the document array.

• Calculate the distance between the two indices for each query.

• Return the smallest distance or 'N' if a word from the query is not present in the document.

Detect if a singly linked list forms a cycle by checking if a node's next points back to a previous node.

• Traverse the linked list using two pointers, one moving at double the speed of the other

• If the two pointers meet at any point, there is a cycle in the linked list

• If one of the pointers reaches the end of the list (null), there is no cycle

The task is to implement a function that returns the level order traversal of a binary tree given in level order.

• Create a queue to store nodes for level order traversal

• Start with the root node and enqueue it

• While the queue is not empty, dequeue a node, print its value, and enqueue its children

• Repeat until all nodes are traversed

Count the frequency of characters/words and sort them based on number of occurrences in descending order.

• Split the input string into individual words

• Create a map to store the frequency of each character/word

• Sort the map based on the number of occurrences in descending order

• Return the maximum number of characters/words along with the number of occurrences

Given a sorted N * N matrix, find the position of a target integer 'X'.

• Start from the top-right corner of the matrix and compare the target with the element at that position.

• Based on the comparison, move left or down in the matrix to narrow down the search.

• Repeat the process until the target is found or the search goes out of bounds.

• Return the position of the target if found, else return {-1, -1}.

The task is to find the next greater element for each element in an array to its right, if no greater element exists, return -1.

• Iterate through the array from right to left and use a stack to keep track of elements.

• Pop elements from the stack until a greater element is found or the stack is empty.

• Store the next greater element for each element in the output array.

Develop a function to remove all instances of a given character from a string.

• Iterate through the string and build a new string excluding the specified character.

• Use a StringBuilder or similar data structure for efficient string manipulation.

• Handle edge cases like empty string or character not found in the input string.

• Ensure the function completes within the given time constraint.

Print a triangle pattern of numbers based on a given number 'N'.

• Iterate through each row and column to determine the numbers to print

• Use a combination of spaces and numbers to align the pattern correctly

• Increment the numbers in each row based on the row number

Convert a binary tree into its mirror tree by interchanging left and right children of non-leaf nodes.

• Traverse the tree in postorder fashion and swap the left and right children of each node.

• Use recursion to solve the problem efficiently.

• Modify the binary tree in place without creating a new tree.

Join tables on employee ID, filter by balance less than 200, select employee names.

• Join tables on employee ID attribute

• Filter rows where balance is less than 200

• Select employee names from the result

Check if it is possible to form a non-degenerate triangle using the sides provided in the array.

• Check if the sum of any two sides is greater than the third side for all combinations.

• If any such combination exists, return true; otherwise, return false.

• Handle multiple test cases as per the constraints provided.

Design patterns such as microservices, retry mechanism, and bulkhead pattern are used to design a system for scalability, fault tolerance, and resilience.

• Microservices pattern involves breaking down a system into smaller, independent services that communicate through APIs.

• Retry mechanism is used to handle transient failures by automatically retrying failed operations.

• Bulkhead pattern isolates different components of a system to prevent failures in one part from affecting othe...read more

Pirates follow a specific ranking system to divide 100 gold coins among themselves.

• Pirate 1 proposes a division of coins.

• All pirates, including the proposer, vote on the proposal.

• If majority agree, the coins are divided as proposed. If not, the proposer is thrown overboard and Pirate 2 makes a new proposal.

• This process continues until a majority agree on a proposal.

• Pirates are greedy and will always vote to throw someone overboard if they can get more coins in the next round.

Design and print all nodes of a binary tree.

• Design a binary tree structure with left and right child pointers for each node.

• Implement a recursive function to print all nodes of the binary tree.

• Start from the root node and recursively print the left subtree, then the root, and finally the right subtree.

Hash Table is better for fast lookups and insertions, while B Tree is better for range queries and ordered traversal.

• Use Hash Table for fast lookups and insertions with O(1) average time complexity.

• Use B Tree for range queries and ordered traversal with O(log n) time complexity.

• Consider the size of the dataset and the specific operations needed to determine the best data structure.

In fusion procedure, if autologous and non-autologous tissue graft are used, the appropriate coding would depend on the specific details of the procedure.

• Assign separate codes for autologous and non-autologous tissue grafts

• Use the appropriate CPT codes for each type of tissue graft used

• Ensure accurate documentation of the specific types of tissue grafts used in the fusion procedure

The primary diagnosis (PDx) in this case would be sepsis.

• PDx would be sepsis as it is the main reason for hospitalization and treatment.

• Secondary diagnoses would include UTI and urinary catheter.

• The focus should be on treating the sepsis while also addressing the underlying UTI and catheter issues.

The minimum number of planes required to go around the world is one.

• One plane can fly around the world without needing to stop.

• The plane can refuel mid-air or carry enough fuel for the entire journey.

• Examples: Non-stop flights like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350 can circumnavigate the globe with one plane.

BST is a binary tree structure where each node has at most two children, while Tries are tree structures used for storing strings.

• BST is used for searching, inserting, and deleting elements in a sorted manner.

• Tries are used for storing and searching strings efficiently.

• BST has a hierarchical structure with left and right child nodes.

• Tries have nodes representing characters, forming a tree-like structure for strings.

• Example: BST can be used to store numbers in sorted order, wh...read more

To code severe preeclampsia, use O14.1 with POA indicator 1 for present on admission.

• Code severe preeclampsia as O14.1

• Use POA indicator 1 to indicate it was present on admission

• Document any additional details or complications in the medical record

• Assign additional codes for any associated conditions or symptoms

• Review official coding guidelines for accurate coding

Sorting an array and manipulating/searching strings are important skills for a Member Technical Staff.

• Sorting an array can be done using built-in functions like sort() or by implementing sorting algorithms like bubble sort, merge sort, quick sort, etc.

• String manipulation involves operations like concatenation, substring extraction, character replacement, etc. and can be done using built-in functions or by implementing custom functions.

• Searching in strings can be done using bu...read more

Excisional debridement involves removal of tissue, while non-excisional debridement does not involve tissue removal.

• Excisional debridement involves cutting away dead or damaged tissue from a wound

• Non-excisional debridement includes methods like enzymatic debridement or autolytic debridement

• To find excisional debridement in medical records, look for codes such as 11042-11047 in CPT codes

• For non-excisional debridement, look for codes like 97602-97606 in CPT codes

The largest increasing subsequence count from an array of numbers is to find the length of the longest increasing subsequence.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the length of the longest increasing subsequence encountered so far.

• Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.

• Example: For the array [10, 22, 9, 33, 21, 50, 41, 60, 80], the longest increasing subsequence count is 6.

Indexing in databases is a technique used to improve the speed of data retrieval by creating a data structure that allows for quick lookups.

• Indexes are created on specific columns in a database table to speed up queries that search for data in those columns.

• Indexes work similar to the index of a book, allowing the database to quickly locate the desired data without having to scan the entire table.

• Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique keys, and composite indexes.

• Wit...read more

Approaches in PCS coding include root operation, body part, approach, device, qualifier, and body system.

• Root operation: The main action performed on the body part.

• Body part: The specific body part involved in the procedure.

• Approach: The method used to reach the body part for the procedure.

• Device: Any tools or devices used during the procedure.

• Qualifier: Additional information about the procedure.

• Body system: The anatomical system related to the procedure.

Analytical functions in SQL are used to perform calculations on sets of rows.

• Aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, MIN, MAX

• Window functions like ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, LAG, LEAD

• Ranking functions like NTILE, PERCENT_RANK, CUME_DIST

• Statistical functions like STDDEV, VARIANCE

• String functions like CONCAT, SUBSTRING, TRIM

The top 5 most frequently occurring words in a given text.

• Tokenize the text into words

• Create a dictionary to store word frequencies

• Iterate through the words and update the dictionary

• Sort the dictionary by frequency and return the top 5 words

• Handle edge cases such as punctuation and stop words

Handle stakeholder's interests by understanding their needs, communicating effectively, and delivering results.

• Understand the stakeholders' needs and priorities

• Communicate regularly and effectively with stakeholders

• Involve stakeholders in decision-making processes

• Deliver results that align with stakeholders' interests

• Manage expectations and address concerns promptly

The task is to add two numbers represented as linked lists and return the result as a new linked list.

• Traverse both linked lists simultaneously, starting from the head

• Add the corresponding nodes from both lists along with any carry from the previous addition

• If the sum is greater than 9, set the carry to 1 and take the remainder as the new node value

• Move to the next nodes in both lists

• Continue this process until both lists are exhausted

• If there is still a carry remaining, add ...read more

Reverse LL using recursion, Find path in btree closest to sum K

• Implement a recursive function to reverse a linked list

• Traverse the binary tree to find all paths and calculate their sums

• Keep track of the path with sum closest to K

Convert given number to Excel column name

• Use ASCII values to map numbers to characters (A=65, B=66, ...)

• Divide the number by 26 to get the column name

• Handle edge cases like 'Z' and multiple characters

Synchronized block and method are used in Java to control access to shared resources using locks.

• Synchronized block allows locking on a specific object instance or class

• Synchronized method locks on the object instance

• Locks prevent multiple threads from accessing the synchronized code simultaneously

The peak of a mountain is the highest point on the mountain, often offering stunning views and a sense of accomplishment.

• The peak of a mountain is typically reached after a challenging climb.

• Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world, standing at 29,032 feet above sea level.

• Many hikers and climbers set goals to reach the peak of specific mountains as a personal challenge.

Contacts between insurances and providers involve communication regarding coverage, claims, and billing.

• Insurances and providers communicate to verify coverage for services

• Providers submit claims to insurances for reimbursement

• Insurances and providers discuss billing and payment issues

• Contracts between insurances and providers outline terms of reimbursement

Virtual functions are functions in a base class that are overridden in derived classes, allowing for polymorphic behavior.

• Virtual functions are declared in a base class with the 'virtual' keyword.

• They are meant to be overridden in derived classes to provide specific implementations.

• They allow for polymorphism, where a pointer to a base class can call a derived class's overridden function.

• Example: virtual void display() = 0; // pure virtual function in C++

Printing output using maps in JavaScript

• Create a new Map object

• Add key-value pairs using set() method

• Access values using get() method

• Iterate over the map using for...of loop

The root operation for cardiac ablation is Destruction.

• The root operation for cardiac ablation is Destruction, which involves eliminating all or a portion of a body part.

• Other examples of procedures with the root operation of Destruction include excision of a lesion and removal of a foreign body.

• Understanding the root operation is crucial in medical coding to accurately assign the correct procedure code.

Tuple is a data structure that stores a fixed number of elements, while delete command is used to remove data from a database table.

• Tuple is used to store multiple values in a single variable, while delete command is used to remove specific rows from a database table.

• Tuples are immutable, meaning their values cannot be changed once they are set, while delete command permanently removes data from a table.

• Example: Tuple (1, 'apple', 3.14) vs. DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condit...read more

BT can refer to many things, please specify the context.

• BT can refer to British Telecom, Bluetooth technology, or body temperature.

• The height of British Telecom's headquarters is approximately 177 meters.

• The height of a Bluetooth device is usually very small, ranging from a few millimeters to a few centimeters.

• Body temperature can vary depending on the individual and the method of measurement.

Using Java streams to find numbers divisible by 2

• Use Java streams to filter numbers divisible by 2

• Use the filter() method with a lambda expression to check for divisibility by 2

• Collect the filtered numbers into a list or array

Mixed hyperlipidemia is a condition where there are high levels of different types of fats in the blood, including both cholesterol and triglycerides.

• Mixed hyperlipidemia is a combination of high cholesterol and high triglycerides in the blood.

• Hypercholesterolemia specifically refers to high levels of cholesterol in the blood.

• Treatment for mixed hyperlipidemia may involve lifestyle changes, medications, and monitoring cholesterol levels.

• Examples of medications used to treat m...read more

SAST (Static Application Security Testing) and DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing) tools are commonly used in software development to identify and fix security vulnerabilities.

• SAST tools analyze the source code of an application to identify potential security vulnerabilities before the code is compiled or executed. Examples include Checkmarx and Fortify.

• DAST tools test the running application for vulnerabilities by simulating attacks. Examples include Burp Suite and O...read more

Use SQL query with ORDER BY and LIMIT to find the 2nd highest salary.

• Use ORDER BY clause to sort salaries in descending order

• Use LIMIT 1,1 to skip the first highest salary and get the second highest salary

Denial management of claims involves identifying reasons for claim denials and taking steps to resolve them.

• Identify common reasons for claim denials such as incorrect patient information, lack of pre-authorization, or coding errors

• Implement processes to prevent denials, such as verifying patient information before submitting claims

• Work with payers to understand denial reasons and appeal denied claims with supporting documentation

• Track denial trends to identify areas for impr...read more

I have solved problems related to improving customer experience, optimizing business processes, and enhancing product features.

• Developed a new customer feedback system that increased response rates by 30%

• Streamlined the order fulfillment process resulting in a 20% reduction in delivery time

• Implemented a new feature in the product that increased user engagement by 25%

• Resolved a critical bug in the system that was causing frequent crashes

• Identified and addressed communication g...read more

I use a gentle and effective antibacterial soap to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.

• I prefer using antibacterial soap to kill germs and prevent infections

• I choose a soap with a pleasant scent to leave a fresh fragrance

• I make sure the soap is gentle on skin to avoid irritation

Design a mobile app for patients to easily track their medication intake and set reminders.

• Include a user-friendly interface with large buttons for easy navigation.

• Allow patients to input their medication schedule and receive notifications for each dose.

• Incorporate a feature for patients to track their symptoms and side effects.

• Integrate a database of common medications and their dosages for easy selection.

• Include a secure login system to protect patients' personal health inf...read more

Our project CI/CD pipeline automates the process of building, testing, and deploying code changes.

• Utilizes Jenkins for continuous integration

• Includes automated testing using Selenium for frontend and JUnit for backend

• Integrates with GitLab for version control

• Deploys to AWS using Terraform scripts