10+ Nvayo Interview Questions and Answers

Aldol condensation, Michael addition, Wittig reaction, Grignard reaction are some name reactions to form new c-c bond without metal catalyst.

• Aldol condensation involves the reaction of an enolate ion with an aldehyde or ketone to form a β-hydroxy carbonyl compound.

• Michael addition involves the addition of a nucleophile to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound.

• Wittig reaction involves the reaction of a phosphorus ylide with an aldehyde or ketone to form an alkene.

• Grignard react...read more

To separate acid from an acid-base mixture in liquid state, we can use various methods such as solvent extraction, distillation, or ion exchange.

• Solvent extraction involves adding a solvent that selectively dissolves the acid, then separating the two layers.

• Distillation involves heating the mixture to vaporize the acid, then condensing it back into a separate container.

• Ion exchange involves passing the mixture through a resin that selectively binds to the acid, then eluting t...read more

H1NMR values are chemical shifts observed in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR is a technique used to study the structure and properties of molecules.

• H1NMR values refer to the chemical shifts observed in proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

• NMR is a powerful analytical technique used to study the structure, dynamics, and properties of molecules.

• It involves the interaction of atomic nuclei with a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency radiation.

• Different...read more

Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures. HPLC is a type of chromatography used for high-resolution separation.

• Chromatography involves passing a mixture through a stationary phase, which separates the components based on their properties.

• HPLC uses high pressure to force the mixture through a column packed with a stationary phase, allowing for more precise separation.

• HPLC is commonly used in pharmaceuticals, forensics, and environmental testing to an...read more

I have experience handling various oxidation and reduction reagents in my previous research work.

• I have worked with common oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, and chromic acid.

• I have also handled reducing agents like sodium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride, and diisobutylaluminum hydride.

• I am familiar with the safety precautions and proper handling techniques for these reagents.

• I have used these reagents in various chemical reactions to sy...read more

Synthesized 2-methylcyclohexanol from cyclohexene using acid-catalyzed hydration.

• Started with cyclohexene and added concentrated sulfuric acid to protonate the double bond.

• Water was then added to the reaction mixture, which attacked the carbocation intermediate to form a tertiary alcohol.

• The product was then extracted and purified via distillation.

• 2-methylcyclohexanol was characterized using IR and NMR spectroscopy.

Reaction conditions for chemical transformations

• Reaction temperature

• Reaction time

• Catalyst used

• Solvent used

• Concentration of reactants

• pH of reaction mixture

• Pressure

• Stirring rate

• Light exposure

• Oxidizing or reducing agents used

Understanding 1H-NMR values of organic compounds and analyzing LCMS involves knowledge of spectroscopy and chromatography techniques.

• 1H-NMR values provide information about the chemical environment of hydrogen atoms in a molecule.

• Analyzing LCMS involves separating and detecting ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.

• Interpretation of 1H-NMR and LCMS data requires knowledge of organic chemistry and spectroscopy techniques.

• Software tools like MestReNova and ChemDraw can aid i...read more

Chloro and bromo pattern ratio refers to the ratio of the number of chloro and bromo substituents on a molecule.

• The chloro and bromo pattern ratio is calculated by dividing the number of chloro substituents by the number of bromo substituents.

• For example, if a molecule has 2 chloro substituents and 1 bromo substituent, the chloro and bromo pattern ratio would be 2:1.

• The chloro and bromo pattern ratio can be used to determine the reactivity and properties of a molecule.

• Differe...read more

I have handled various instruments in my research work.

• Microscopes for observing samples at high magnification

• Spectrophotometers for measuring the absorbance or emission of light by substances

• Centrifuges for separating components of a mixture based on density

• PCR machines for amplifying DNA sequences

• Electrophoresis equipment for separating DNA, RNA, or proteins based on size and charge

Organic conversions involve the use of specific reagents to transform one functional group into another through a series of chemical reactions.

• Organic conversions are important in the synthesis of various organic compounds.

• Reagents used in organic conversions include oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and acid/base catalysts.

• Examples of organic conversions include the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, reduction of carbonyl compounds to alcohols, and acid-catalyze...read more

HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography. It is a technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture.

• HPLC works on the principle of differential partitioning of analytes between a stationary phase and a mobile phase.

• The stationary phase is a solid or liquid material packed into a column, while the mobile phase is a liquid solvent that carries the sample through the column.

• Analytes with different affinities for the stationary phase and mob...read more

Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of chemicals based on their properties.

• Chromatography involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase that interact differently with the components of the mixture.

• The components of the mixture separate based on their affinity for the stationary phase versus the mobile phase.

• Common types of chromatography include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography.

• Chromatography is widely u...read more

NMR peaks of solvents are important for identifying and quantifying compounds in solution.

• Different solvents have different NMR peaks due to their unique chemical structures

• Common solvents used in NMR spectroscopy include CDCl3, DMSO-d6, and acetone-d6

• The NMR peaks of solvents can interfere with the peaks of the compound being studied, so it is important to choose a solvent with minimal interference

• The chemical shift of the solvent peak can also be used as a reference point f...read more