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Amazon SDE Interview Questions, Process, and Tips for Freshers
Top Amazon SDE Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers
- Q1. A stream of data is coming. Maintain records in a page and mechanism to see previous and next page. (Concept of Doubly Linked List) (It is always advisable to ask questio ...read more
- Q2. Design a system for finding the costliest element always whenever we pick up an element from a box.(concept of Max Heap)
- Q3. What happens on server side on receiving HTTP requests and how operating system interacts and then discussion related with threading, thread pool ,synchronization, hashin ...read more
Amazon SDE Interview Experiences for Freshers
6 interviews found
Anonymous
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Aug 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. String pattern matching
- Q2. Behavioral questions
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Behavioral questions
- Q2. BFS file system
Heap, Map,Stack, Binary search, 1 hour
(1 Question)
- Q1. Recursion, house-thief problems, Leetcode medium
Interview Preparation Tips
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed before Oct 2022. There were 3 interview rounds.
Online aptitude test with some behaviour questions. Take this very seriously.
1. Top k elements in the stream of data. 2. Some DP related questions based on probability of m coins having probability of head being p.
Interview Preparation Tips
What people are saying about Amazon
I applied via Referral and was interviewed before Feb 2022. There were 3 interview rounds.
(1 Question)
- Q1. Modified version of Knapsack problem
- Ans.
Modified Knapsack problem
Similar to Knapsack problem, but with additional constraints or modifications
May involve multiple knapsacks or fractional items
Examples include 0/1 Knapsack with profit and weight limits, bounded Knapsack with item quantity limits
(1 Question)
- Q1. Graph based DSA question
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
Amazon interview questions for designations
Interview Questionnaire
5 Questions
- Q1. What happens when we type amazon.com ?
- Ans.
Typing amazon.com in the browser's address bar takes you to Amazon's website.
The browser sends a request to the DNS server to resolve the domain name 'amazon.com' to an IP address.
The browser establishes a TCP connection with the server at the resolved IP address.
The browser sends an HTTP request to the server for the homepage of Amazon's website.
The server responds with the HTML code for the homepage, which the browse
- Q2. Describe transaction process in detail if we want to transfer from one account to other. Also design scheme for it
- Ans.
The transaction process involves transferring funds from one account to another. A scheme is designed to ensure secure and accurate transfers.
Verify the availability of sufficient funds in the sender's account
Authenticate the sender's identity and authorization for the transaction
Deduct the transfer amount from the sender's account balance
Initiate a request to transfer the funds to the recipient's account
Validate the r...
- Q3. What happens on server side on receiving HTTP requests and how operating system interacts and then discussion related with threading, thread pool ,synchronization, hashing etc
- Ans.
When a server receives an HTTP request, it interacts with the operating system, handles threading, thread pooling, synchronization, and hashing.
Upon receiving an HTTP request, the server creates a new thread to handle the request.
The operating system manages the allocation of system resources to the server process.
Thread pooling is used to efficiently manage and reuse threads for handling multiple requests.
Synchronizat...
- Q4. Describe ACID properties in detail
- Ans.
ACID properties ensure reliability and consistency in database transactions.
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.
Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as a single unit of work, either all or none of its operations are executed.
Consistency ensures that a transaction brings the database from one valid state to another.
Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere w...
- Q5. How to find kth- smallest element in BST? -----/
- Ans.
To find kth-smallest element in BST, perform inorder traversal and return the kth element.
Perform inorder traversal of the BST
Maintain a counter variable to keep track of the number of nodes visited
When the counter reaches k, return the current node's value
If k is greater than the number of nodes in the BST, return null or throw an exception
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: Online Round: (Duration – 90 minutes)
20 MCQs and 2 coding questions. MCQs were on Algorithms, Time Complexity, Quantitative Aptitude, Probability, Operating Systems, Graphs, Data Structures, Recursion outputs etc.
Coding Questions:
1. In one of Amazon fulfillment centers, there are a no. of empty boxes kept in increasing order in a row. Kiva robots are designed to put a product in a box. The product size is given. Design a program to find the best fit box for given product size. First line contains no. of empty boxes and next line contains size of boxes with space. The next line contains size of given product. The output shows the best fit box size and -1 otherwise.For example, Input: 6
2 7 9 11 13 16
12
Output: 13 2. You have to find a string in two-dimensional array. The input contains 2-D array of characters and given string. You can move in one of eight directions . The output contains location of first letter of string if string found completely, otherwise return -1. Any one out of multiple answers is accepted, if possible.
For example, Input:
b t g
p a d
r k jString: rat
Output: (2,0)
Round: TECHNICAL INTERVIEW
Experience: Brief introduction about myself and my project.
1. Given an array of positive and negative integers, rearrange positive and negative numbers in 0(n) time .
First, I solved it using 2 arrays,each for positive and negative integers and place elements of array in these 2 arrays and them combine them back by taking one element from each array. Then he told me to do without extra space. I then segregated positive and negative elements using quicksort .Below is the link:
-----. Program to check whether strings are rotation of each other or not. I approached as below:
-----/
He then told to solve without using strstr. I used naive searching method.
Round: HR INTERVIEW
Experience: Brief introduction and some behavioral questions.
Given a BST and a key sum, design an algorithm to find all pairs of integers whose sum equal to key.
I first approached using an array and placing elements into it in inorder fashion and then find pairs. He told to do in-place and I solved with 2 traversals (inorder and reverse- inorder
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: Based on CS Fundamentals and also had 15 minutes discussion on my internship project.
Q.Given a Binary tree, full_path_sum is sum of all nodes from root to leaf in a path. Given a min_sum value, delete nodes if path has full_path_sum less than min_sum . Delete all such nodes . For example,Given min_sum =8 1
2 3
4 5 6 7
College Name: NA
Skills evaluated in this interview
Get interview-ready with Top Amazon Interview Questions
Interview Questionnaire
15 Questions
- Q1. What is the definition of tree ?
- Ans.
A tree is a data structure consisting of nodes connected by edges, with a single root node and no cycles.
Nodes represent elements of the tree, and edges represent the relationships between them.
Each node can have zero or more child nodes, and each child node can have its own children.
Trees are commonly used in computer science for organizing and searching data, such as in binary search trees.
Examples of trees include f...
- Q2. What are the differences between graph and tree?
- Ans.
Graphs are non-linear data structures with cycles while trees are hierarchical data structures without cycles.
Graphs can have cycles while trees cannot
Graphs can have multiple root nodes while trees have only one
Graphs can have disconnected components while trees are always connected
Graphs can have directed or undirected edges while trees have only directed edges
Examples of graphs include social networks, road networks...
- Q3. When can you say a graph to be a tree?
- Ans.
A graph can be called a tree if it is connected and has no cycles.
A tree is a type of graph with no cycles.
It must be connected, meaning there is a path between any two vertices.
It has n-1 edges, where n is the number of vertices.
Examples include family trees, file directory structures, and decision trees.
- Q4. Write a program to show whether a graph is a tree or not using adjacency matrix
- Ans.
Program to determine if a graph is a tree using adjacency matrix
A graph is a tree if it is connected and has no cycles
Check if the graph is connected by performing a depth-first search or breadth-first search
Check if the graph has cycles by performing a depth-first search and tracking visited nodes
- Q5. Did u ask your current company to provide that type of work as u r looking in Amazon?
- Q6. Why Amazon ?
- Q7. Lots of questions on my current work and tools which I was using
- Q8. Why do I want to leave my current company on such a short interval of 5 months
- Ans.
Seeking better growth opportunities and a more challenging role.
Limited growth opportunities in my current company
Looking for a more challenging role to enhance my skills
Seeking a company with a better work culture and values
Exploring options that align better with my long-term career goals
- Q9. A stream of data is coming. Maintain records in a page and mechanism to see previous and next page. (Concept of Doubly Linked List) (It is always advisable to ask questions in design questions. The intervi...
- Ans.
A thread is a unit of execution within a process that can run independently and concurrently with other threads.
Threads allow for concurrent execution of tasks within a program.
Threads share the same memory space and resources of the process they belong to.
Threads can communicate and synchronize with each other through shared data structures like locks and semaphores.
Threads can improve performance by utilizing multipl...
- Q10. What is the meaning of memory leakage?
- Ans.
Memory leakage is a situation where a program fails to release memory it no longer needs.
Memory leakage can cause a program to slow down or crash due to insufficient memory.
It is caused by programming errors such as not freeing allocated memory or losing references to it.
Examples include forgetting to close a file or database connection, or not releasing memory allocated for a variable.
Memory leakage can be detected us...
- Q11. Design a system for finding the costliest element always whenever we pick up an element from a box.(concept of Max Heap)
- Ans.
Design a system using Max Heap to find the costliest element from a box when an element is picked.
Implement a Max Heap data structure to store the elements in the box.
Whenever an element is picked, the costliest element can be found at the root of the Max Heap.
After picking an element, update the Max Heap by removing the root and reorganizing the heap.
Ensure the Max Heap property is maintained during insertion and dele...
- Q12. What inspires you to join Amazon? Why dream company ?
- Q13. Connect Sibling pointers. I gave a Level Order Traversal solution. He asked to do it in O(1) space complexity. I explained the approach but messed up In writing the working code for that
- Q14. Explain the approach of LRU cache and implement using object oriented language
- Ans.
LRU cache is a data structure that stores most recently used items and discards least recently used items.
LRU stands for Least Recently Used
It is implemented using a doubly linked list and a hash map
When an item is accessed, it is moved to the front of the list
When the cache is full, the least recently used item is removed from the end of the list
Example: A web browser cache that stores recently visited web pages
- Q15. OS questions
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: 1. Convert Binary tree to linked list.
2. Rotate a matrix by 90 degree.
There were 2 more questions. But I forgot what were they?
Round: TECHNICAL INTERVIEW
Experience: Overview of current job responsibilities and internship project.
1. Convert a tree to a sum tree.Example :
1 27
/ /
2 3 -------> 9 13
/ / / /
4 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 Always take care of all the corner cases
2. Print a pascal tree .
3. Given a 2D matrix sorted row wise and column wise . Print the matrix in sorted way. (Can be done using Min Heap).
For all the questions, complexity of the program was asked and was being asked to improve both time and space complexity.
Round: TECHNICAL INTERVIEW
Experience: Many questions regarding my current project, tools and technology I am working on.
1. Convert a binary tree to a sum tree . Here he had a new meaning of sum tree.
Example :Example :
1 1
/ /
2 3 -------> 2 5
/ / / /
4 5 6 7 4 9 15 22 (I did it with Level Order Traversal) (Complete working code was required)
2. Given an array of integers. Find the largest 3 element. (Can be done using Max Heap in less time complexity)
College Name: NA
Skills evaluated in this interview
SDE Jobs at Amazon
Interview questions from similar companies
Interview Questionnaire
16 Questions
- Q1. Given a set of 2D points, some integer k, find the k points closest to the origin, (0,0)
- Ans.
Find k closest points to origin from a set of 2D points.
Calculate distance of each point from origin using distance formula
Sort the points based on distance in ascending order
Return first k points from the sorted list
- Q2. How will you describe iOS manual memory management for a new developer in few words?
- Ans.
iOS manual memory management requires developers to manually allocate and deallocate memory for objects.
Developers must manually allocate memory for objects using methods like alloc and init.
Developers must also manually deallocate memory for objects using methods like release.
Failure to properly manage memory can lead to memory leaks and crashes.
ARC (Automatic Reference Counting) was introduced in iOS 5 to automate me...
- Q3. Write a program to print the powerset. E.g. given this set {1,2,3}, it will print {},{1},{2},{3},{1,2},{1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}
- Ans.
Program to print powerset of a given set
Create an empty list to store subsets
Loop through all possible binary numbers from 0 to 2^n-1 where n is the length of the set
For each binary number, convert it to binary and use the 1's as indices to select elements from the set
Add the selected elements to the list of subsets
Return the list of subsets
- Q4. Convert a string of Roman numerals to an integer in O(n) time
- Ans.
Convert Roman numerals to integer in O(n) time
Create a dictionary to map Roman numerals to integers
Iterate through the string from right to left
If the current numeral is less than the previous, subtract it from the total
Else, add it to the total
Return the total
- Q5. Given a list of integer numbers, a list of symbols [+,-,*,/] and a target number N, provide an expression which evaluates to N or return False if that is not possible. e.g. let the list of numbers be [1,...
- Ans.
Given a list of numbers and symbols, provide an expression that evaluates to a target number.
Use recursion to try all possible combinations of numbers and symbols
Check for division by zero and negative numbers
Return False if no expression evaluates to the target number
- Q6. Given an expression (in single variable) like 4x+13(x-(4x+x/3)) = 9, evaluate x The expression is a string and the variable is always x
- Ans.
Solve for x in a given expression with single variable.
Simplify the expression by applying the distributive property and combining like terms.
Isolate the variable term on one side of the equation and the constant terms on the other side.
Solve for x by dividing both sides of the equation by the coefficient of the variable term.
Check the solution by substituting the value of x back into the original equation.
In this case...
- Q7. Given a hashmap M which is a mapping of characters to arrays of substitute characters, and an input string S, return an array of all possible mutations of S (where any character in S can be substituted wit...
- Ans.
Given a hashmap M and an input string S, return an array of all possible mutations of S using M's substitutes.
Iterate through each character in S and get its substitutes from M
Use recursion to generate all possible combinations of substitutes for each character
Time complexity: O(n^m) where n is the average number of substitutes per character and m is the length of S
Space complexity: O(n^m) due to the number of possible...
- Q8. Brain storming:How does facebook implement graph search
- Ans.
Facebook implements graph search by indexing user data and using natural language processing.
Facebook indexes user data to create a graph of connections and relationships.
Natural language processing is used to interpret user queries and return relevant results.
Graph search allows users to search for specific information within their network, such as 'friends who like hiking'.
- Q9. How does facebook chat work
- Ans.
Facebook chat is a real-time messaging service that allows users to communicate with each other through the Facebook website or mobile app.
Facebook chat uses XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) to enable real-time communication between users.
Messages are sent and received through Facebook's servers, which act as intermediaries between users.
Users can see when their friends are online and available to chat...
- Q10. How does fb store likes/dislikes ?
- Ans.
Facebook stores likes/dislikes as data points in their database.
Likes and dislikes are stored as separate data points.
Each like/dislike is associated with a unique ID for the post or comment.
The data is stored in Facebook's database and can be accessed through their API.
Likes/dislikes can also be used to personalize a user's newsfeed.
Facebook also uses likes/dislikes to gather data for targeted advertising.
- Q11. How do u implement status updates ?
- Ans.
Status updates can be implemented through various methods such as push notifications, real-time updates, and periodic polling.
Use push notifications to instantly update users on important changes.
Implement real-time updates using websockets or server-sent events for a seamless user experience.
Periodically poll the server for updates using AJAX or other similar technologies.
Provide a clear and concise interface for user...
- Q12. How do u implement timeline/newsfeed ?
- Ans.
A timeline/newsfeed can be implemented using a combination of algorithms and data structures.
Use a database to store user activity data
Implement an algorithm to sort the data by time
Use pagination to limit the number of items displayed at once
Include options for filtering and searching
Consider using caching to improve performance
- Q13. What exactly happens when you add someone as your friend ?
- Ans.
Adding someone as a friend allows you to connect with them on the platform and see their updates.
When you add someone as a friend, they receive a notification and can choose to accept or decline your request.
Once they accept your request, you can see their updates and they can see yours.
You can also message each other and tag each other in posts.
Adding someone as a friend does not give them access to your personal info...
- Q14. Explain more about hadoop and how it is used ?
- Ans.
Hadoop is a distributed computing framework used for storing and processing large datasets.
Hadoop is based on the MapReduce programming model.
It allows for parallel processing of large datasets across multiple nodes.
Hadoop consists of two main components: HDFS for storage and MapReduce for processing.
It is commonly used for big data analytics, machine learning, and data warehousing.
Examples of companies using Hadoop in
- Q15. How do fb messages work ?
- Ans.
FB messages work by allowing users to send and receive text, images, videos, and other media through the Facebook platform.
Messages can be sent to individuals or groups of people.
Users can also send voice messages and make voice and video calls through the messaging feature.
Messages can be archived or deleted, and users can also choose to ignore or block certain senders.
Facebook uses end-to-end encryption to protect th...
- Q16. How does fb mail work ?
- Ans.
FB Mail is a messaging service that allows Facebook users to send and receive messages from other users.
FB Mail is integrated into the Facebook platform and can be accessed through the Messenger app or website.
Users can send messages to individuals or groups, and can also attach files, photos, and videos.
FB Mail also includes features such as message requests, message filtering, and message archiving.
Messages can be se...
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: First there was an online round on hackerrank where they asked 4 simple coding questions about DP, strings and stacks. In this round the selected 3 candidates.
Round: TECHNICAL INTERVIEW
Experience: In first round they asked me 2 coding questions where he asked me to code as close as possible to the actual one.
First question was you are given a array of string followed by two words. You have to find the minimum distance between the two words in the given array of string. For example:
(“the”, “quick”, “brown”, “fox”, “quick”)
distance(“fox”,”the”) == 3
distance(“quick”, “fox”) == 1Second qustion:Given two sorted array of Strings, Implement a merged sorted array of stringA[ ] = {"good", "person" }
B[ ] = { "he", "is" }
return { "good", "he", "is", "person"}
After this round they selected all three.
Round: TECHNICAL INTERVIEW
Experience: Then in the second round they asked a little about tree and told me to code 2 codes.
First one : You are supposed to do a level order traversal of a binary tree(not necessarily complete) and have to print a special character(say ‘$’) after completion of each level.
Second: Given a number print all the combination in which no. can be printed.
for eg.Input:
3
Output:
2 1
1 2
1 1 2After this round they selected 2 candidates including me.
General Tips: Tips for the interview:Just be relaxed interview will be simple you just need be calm and do not make small mistakes like ‘;’. Interviewer’s? main focus will be on end cases, so keep all end cases in mind while coding. Before start anything keep clear what you are going to code. Finally think out loud. Best of luck.
College Name: VIT CHENNAI
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Dec 2022. There were 3 interview rounds.
3 coding questions one on array
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Leetcode problem called 01 island
- Q2. Leetcode problem no of ilsands
Interview Preparation Tips
Leetcode medium questions, 45 mins
(2 Questions)
- Q1. HLD question - cant disclose
- Q2. Design LRU cache
- Ans.
Design a data structure for LRU cache with get and put operations, evicting least recently used item when capacity is reached.
Implement a doubly linked list to keep track of the order of keys based on their usage
Use a hashmap to store key-value pairs for quick access
Update the linked list and hashmap accordingly when get or put operations are performed
Skills evaluated in this interview
Amazon Interview FAQs
Some of the top questions asked at the Amazon SDE interview for freshers -
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Amazon SDE Interview Process for Freshers
based on 4 interviews
1 Interview rounds
- Technical Round
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