200+ Quality Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Forging is a manufacturing process where metal is shaped by applying compressive forces using a hammer or press.

• Metal is heated to a high temperature to make it malleable

• The metal is then shaped using a hammer or press

• Forging can be done using different techniques such as open die forging, closed die forging, and seamless ring rolling

• Forging is used to create high-strength components for various industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction

Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is poured into a mold, allowed to solidify, and then removed from the mold.

• The liquid material can be metal, plastic, or ceramic.

• The mold is typically made of sand, plaster, or metal.

• The casting process can be used to create complex shapes and parts.

• Examples of cast parts include engine blocks, turbine blades, and jewelry.

• The process can be done using gravity, pressure, or vacuum to fill the mold.

• Casting defects ca...read more

Proctor Compaction Test is used to find MDD & OMC in soil mechanics.

• Proctor Compaction Test is commonly used in geotechnical engineering to determine the maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) of soil.

• The test involves compacting a soil sample at various moisture contents and measuring the dry density achieved.

• The moisture content at which the maximum dry density is obtained is the OMC.

• The MDD is the maximum dry density achieved during the test.

• The resul...read more

Handling is the process of managing and controlling the quality of products or services.

• Handling involves ensuring that products or services meet the required standards and specifications.

• It includes identifying and addressing any defects or issues that may arise during production or delivery.

• Quality engineers play a crucial role in handling by implementing quality control measures and conducting inspections.

• Examples of handling processes include testing products for durabili...read more

QA/QC stands for Quality Assurance/Quality Control. Compliance refers to adhering to rules and regulations.

• QA/QC involves ensuring that products or services meet certain quality standards

• Compliance involves following laws, regulations, and industry standards

• QA/QC and compliance are important in various industries such as healthcare, manufacturing, and finance

• Examples of compliance regulations include HIPAA in healthcare and ISO 9001 in manufacturing

CNC machines use computer programs to control the movement of cutting tools and workpieces.

• CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control

• The machine reads instructions from a computer program and moves the cutting tool accordingly

• CNC machines can be used for cutting, drilling, milling, and other operations

• They are commonly used in manufacturing and fabrication industries

• Examples of CNC machines include lathes, routers, and plasma cutters

User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is the process of testing a software product by the end-users or customers to ensure it meets their requirements.

• UAT is performed after the completion of functional and system testing

• It is conducted in a real-world environment to simulate actual usage

• The focus is on validating the software's functionality, usability, and compatibility

• UAT is essential to ensure customer satisfaction and reduce the risk of post-release issues

• Examples of UAT include...read more

Functional testing is a type of software testing that verifies the functionality of an application or system.

• It focuses on testing the individual functions or features of the software.

• It ensures that the software meets the specified requirements and works as expected.

• It involves testing the inputs, outputs, and interactions of the software.

• It can be performed manually or using automated testing tools.

• Examples include testing login functionality, data validation, and error han...read more

There are two main types of rubber: natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

• Natural rubber is derived from the latex of rubber trees and is used in products like tires, gloves, and footwear.

• Synthetic rubber is man-made and includes types like neoprene, nitrile, and silicone rubber.

• Each type of rubber has different properties and is used for specific applications.

Types of defects in manufacturing processes

• Design defects

• Material defects

• Manufacturing defects

• Human errors

• Environmental factors

• Usage-related defects

Least count is the smallest value that can be measured using a measuring instrument.

• Least count is determined by the smallest division on the instrument's scale.

• It represents the precision or accuracy of the instrument.

• For example, if a ruler has a smallest division of 1 mm, its least count is 1 mm.

• In Newton's second law of motion, the equation is F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.

Moment of inertia is the measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion.

• Moment of inertia depends on the mass and distribution of mass of an object.

• It is calculated using the formula I = mr^2, where m is the mass and r is the distance from the axis of rotation.

• Objects with a larger moment of inertia require more torque to rotate.

• Examples include a spinning top, a rotating wheel, and a pendulum.

• Moment of inertia is important in engineering and physics, particularly in ...read more

Minimum grade of concrete used for RCC is M20.

• Minimum grade of concrete for RCC is M20

• Higher grades like M25, M30, M35, etc. can also be used based on structural requirements

• RCC stands for Reinforced Cement Concrete

Micrometers can be of various types such as outside, inside, depth, and screw thread micrometers. Snap gauges can be of various types such as adjustable snap gauges and fixed snap gauges.

• Micrometers are used to measure the thickness, diameter, and depth of objects with high accuracy.

• Outside micrometers are used to measure the outer diameter of objects, while inside micrometers are used to measure the inner diameter of objects.

• Depth micrometers are used to measure the depth of...read more

Gel test process is a method used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of a gel material.

• Gel test process involves preparing a sample of the gel material.

• The sample is then subjected to various tests such as viscosity measurement, gel strength testing, and chemical analysis.

• The results of the gel test process help in determining the quality and performance of the gel material.

• Example: Gel test process can be used in the cosmetics industry to analyze the consistency...read more

Tolerance is the acceptable range of variation in a dimension, while allowance is the intentional difference between two mating parts.

• Tolerance is the maximum and minimum limit of a dimension that is acceptable for a part to function properly.

• Allowance is the intentional difference between two mating parts to ensure proper fit and function.

• Tolerance is specified on the drawing, while allowance is determined during the design process.

• Tolerance is usually expressed in units of ...read more

Injection moulding is a manufacturing process used to produce parts by injecting molten material into a mould.

• Molten material is injected into a mould cavity

• The material cools and solidifies, taking the shape of the mould

• Commonly used for producing plastic parts

• Used in various industries such as automotive, medical, and consumer goods

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction.

• Transformers are used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current (AC) power supply.

• They work on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field induces a voltage in a coil of wire.

• Transformers are used in power distribution systems, electronic devices, and many other applications.

• Examples of transfo...read more

A control plan is a detailed document that outlines the critical steps and parameters for ensuring quality in a manufacturing process.

• Control plans are used in manufacturing to ensure consistency and quality in production processes.

• They typically include information on process steps, key measurements, and control limits.

• Control plans help identify potential issues and prevent defects before they occur.

• Examples of control plan elements include process flow diagrams, control ch...read more

The stator and rotor are key components of an electric motor. The stator is the stationary part that generates a magnetic field, while the rotor is the rotating part that interacts with the magnetic field to produce motion.

• Stator is the stationary part of an electric motor

• Stator generates a magnetic field

• Rotor is the rotating part of an electric motor

• Rotor interacts with the magnetic field generated by the stator to produce motion

MS Excel commands used?

• Data sorting and filtering

• Conditional formatting

• Pivot tables and charts

• VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP functions

• IF and SUM functions

Micrometers can be of various types such as outside micrometer, inside micrometer, depth micrometer, etc. Vernier calipers can be of two types - metric and imperial.

• Types of micrometers include outside micrometer, inside micrometer, depth micrometer, etc.

• Vernier calipers can be of two types - metric and imperial.

• The type of micrometer or vernier used depends on the specific measurement requirements.

• It is important to use the correct type of micrometer or vernier to ensure acc...read more

PDCA stands for Plan-Do-Check-Act, a four-step management method used for continuous improvement of processes and products.

• Plan: Identify the problem and plan a solution

• Do: Implement the plan

• Check: Evaluate the results and compare them to the expected outcomes

• Act: Take corrective action and make necessary adjustments for improvement

• Example: Using PDCA to improve a manufacturing process by identifying the problem, implementing a solution, evaluating the results, and making nec...read more

Quality tools are techniques and methodologies used to ensure products or services meet customer requirements and standards.

• Quality tools help identify and solve quality-related issues in a systematic way

• Examples of quality tools include Pareto charts, fishbone diagrams, control charts, and statistical process control

• These tools help in data analysis, problem-solving, decision-making, and continuous improvement

7QC tools are a set of basic quality tools used for process improvement.

• The tools include: Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• They help identify and solve quality problems in a systematic way.

• For example, a Pareto chart can be used to identify the most frequent defects, while a control chart can be used to monitor a process over time.

• The 7QC tools are also known as the 7 basic tools of quality.

• They are...read more

5S is a methodology for organizing a workplace for efficiency and effectiveness. Pokayoke is a mistake-proofing technique.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain

• 5S helps in improving productivity, safety, and morale in the workplace

• Pokayoke is a Japanese term for mistake-proofing or error-proofing

• Pokayoke techniques aim to prevent mistakes or defects before they occur

• Examples of Pokayoke include using sensors to detect errors in manufacturing processes

Manufacturing is the process of producing goods through the use of labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing.

• Manufacturing involves transforming raw materials into finished products

• It includes processes such as cutting, shaping, assembling, and packaging

• Examples include automobile manufacturing, electronics production, and food processing

Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing features.

• Regression testing is performed after code changes to verify that the existing functionality still works as expected.

• It helps in identifying any defects introduced by new code changes.

• Automated testing tools are often used for regression testing to save time and effort.

• Regression testing can be done at different levels of testing ...read more

A sinusoidal wave is a type of wave that has a smooth, repetitive oscillation resembling a sine curve.

• Sinusoidal waves are characterized by their amplitude, frequency, and phase.

• They are commonly seen in AC electrical circuits, sound waves, and light waves.

• The equation for a sinusoidal wave is typically represented as y = A*sin(2*pi*f*t + phi), where A is the amplitude, f is the frequency, t is time, and phi is the phase angle.

• The graph of a sinusoidal wave resembles a sine c...read more

Testing methodologies are systematic approaches used to plan, design, execute, and evaluate tests.

• Testing methodologies help ensure that software products meet quality standards.

• Common testing methodologies include Agile, Waterfall, V-Model, and DevOps.

• Each methodology has its own set of principles, processes, and techniques for testing.

• Testing methodologies help in identifying defects early in the software development lifecycle.

• They also help in improving the overall quality...read more

Injection moulding is a manufacturing process used to produce parts by injecting molten material into a mould.

• The material is melted in a heated barrel and then injected into a mould cavity

• The mould is cooled to solidify the part and then opened to eject the finished product

• Common materials used in injection moulding include thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers

7QC tools are a set of basic quality tools used for process improvement and problem-solving.

• The tools include: Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• They help identify and analyze problems, prioritize issues, and monitor progress.

• For example, a Pareto chart can be used to identify the most common causes of defects, while a control chart can be used to monitor process stability over time.

Instruments are devices used for measuring, testing, or analyzing, while gauges are specific types of instruments used for measuring dimensions or quantities.

• Instruments are broader in scope and can refer to a variety of devices used for different purposes.

• Gauges are more specialized instruments used specifically for measuring dimensions or quantities.

• Examples of instruments include thermometers, oscilloscopes, and spectrophotometers.

• Examples of gauges include pressure gauges...read more

Frequency measures how often an event occurs within a given time period.

• Frequency is a measure of how often something happens or repeats.

• It is typically expressed in terms of cycles per second or Hertz (Hz).

• Frequency can be measured in various domains such as physics, electronics, and statistics.

• In physics, frequency refers to the number of oscillations or vibrations per unit of time.

• In electronics, frequency is used to describe the rate at which a signal oscillates or cycles...read more

CBR value can be tested using a California Bearing Ratio test to determine the strength of soil for road construction.

• Perform a California Bearing Ratio test by applying a load to a soil sample and measuring the penetration resistance.

• Calculate the CBR value using the formula: CBR = (Penetration of standard material / Penetration of soil sample) x 100.

• Interpret the CBR value to determine the strength of the soil for road construction.

• CBR values typically range from 0 to 100, ...read more

There are different types of fires classified based on the materials that are burning.

• Class A fires involve ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, and cloth.

• Class B fires involve flammable liquids like gasoline and oil.

• Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment.

• Class D fires involve combustible metals like magnesium and titanium.

• Class K fires involve cooking oils and fats.

• Different types of fire extinguishers are used for different classes of fires.

The slump test is a method to measure the workability of fresh concrete.

• A slump cone is filled with fresh concrete and compacted in three layers

• The cone is then lifted and the amount of slump is measured

• The slump value indicates the consistency of the concrete

• The test is performed in accordance with ASTM C143 or EN 12350-2 standards

Automation testing is the use of software tools to execute tests and compare actual results with expected results.

• Automation testing saves time and effort compared to manual testing

• It increases test coverage and accuracy

• Examples of automation testing tools include Selenium, Appium, and TestComplete

Manual testing is a process of testing software manually without the use of automation tools.

• Manual testing involves executing test cases manually

• It requires human intervention to identify defects and issues

• It is time-consuming and requires a lot of effort

• Examples include exploratory testing, regression testing, and acceptance testing

The question is unclear and requires more information to provide an accurate answer.

• The number of tests required for HDPE depends on the specific application and quality standards.

• Tests may include tensile strength, impact resistance, environmental stress cracking, and more.

• The testing process may also vary depending on the manufacturer and regulatory requirements.

• Without more information, it is impossible to provide a specific answer to this question.

SPC stands for Statistical Process Control and MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis.

• SPC is a method of quality control which uses statistical methods to monitor and control a process.

• MSA is a method used to assess the variation in measurement processes.

• SPC helps in identifying and reducing variation in a process, while MSA helps in ensuring that measurement systems are accurate and reliable.

• Examples of SPC tools include control charts and histograms, while examples of M...read more

The ARC (Automotive Refinish Coatings) is a type of coating used in the automotive industry for refinishing vehicles.

• Used in the automotive industry for refinishing vehicles

• Provides protection and aesthetic appeal to vehicles

• Includes primers, basecoats, and clearcoats

• Examples: PPG, Axalta, Sherwin-Williams

PPC stands for Production Part Approval Process, a standardized process in the automotive industry to ensure the quality of parts produced by suppliers.

• PPC is a standardized process used in the automotive industry to ensure that suppliers produce parts that meet the required quality standards.

• It involves a series of steps including submission of samples, documentation review, and approval of the production process.

• PPC helps to prevent defects in parts and ensures consistency ...read more

GD&T symbols are used to define the geometry of parts and assemblies in engineering drawings. Heat treatment process involves heating and cooling metals to alter their physical and mechanical properties.

• GD&T symbols are used to specify the allowable variations in form, size, orientation, and location of features on a part.

• Examples of GD&T symbols include concentricity, perpendicularity, and flatness.

• Heat treatment processes include annealing, quenching, tempering, and case ha...read more

Quality control for construction work involves ensuring that the work meets the required standards and specifications.

• Developing and implementing quality control plans

• Conducting inspections and tests at various stages of construction

• Documenting and reporting any non-conformities

• Ensuring compliance with relevant regulations and codes

• Training and educating staff on quality control procedures

UTS stands for Ultimate Tensile Strength, which is the maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking.

• UTS is a measure of a material's strength and is typically used in engineering and manufacturing.

• It is determined by performing a tensile test on a sample of the material.

• The UTS value is important in selecting materials for specific applications.

• For example, a high UTS value is desirable in materials used for building bridges or aircraft components.

• UTS is often comp...read more

BOM for harness refers to the Bill of Materials for the components used in the harness assembly.

• BOM for harness includes a list of all components required for the harness assembly

• It specifies the quantity of each component needed

• BOM helps in ensuring all necessary parts are included in the assembly

• Examples of components in a harness BOM: wires, connectors, terminals, protective sleeves