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30+ Product Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 27 Feb 2025
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Q1. Power Calculation Problem Statement

Given a number x and an exponent n, compute xn. Accept x and n as input from the user, and display the result.

Note:

You can assume that 00 = 1.

Input:
Two integers separated...read more
Ans.

Calculate x raised to the power of n, given x and n as input from the user.

  • Accept two integers x and n as input from the user

  • Compute x^n and display the result

  • Handle the case where x=0 and n=0 separately (0^0 = 1)

Q2. Sort Array by Set Bit Count

Given an array of positive integers, your task is to sort the array in decreasing order based on the count of set bits in the binary representation of each integer.

If two numbers ha...read more

Ans.

Sort the array in decreasing order based on the count of set bits in the binary representation of each integer.

  • Iterate through the array and calculate the set bit count for each integer using bitwise operations.

  • Use a custom comparator function to sort the array based on the set bit count.

  • Maintain the original order for integers with the same set bit count.

  • Modify the array in-place within the given function.

Product Intern Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

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Q3. Validate BST Problem Statement

Given a binary tree with N nodes, determine whether the tree is a Binary Search Tree (BST). If it is a BST, return true; otherwise, return false.

A binary search tree (BST) is a b...read more

Ans.

Validate if a binary tree is a Binary Search Tree (BST) based on given properties.

  • Check if left subtree contains only nodes with data less than current node's data

  • Check if right subtree contains only nodes with data greater than current node's data

  • Recursively check if both left and right subtrees are also BSTs

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Q4. Maximum Non-Adjacent Subsequence Sum

Given an array of integers, determine the maximum sum of a subsequence without choosing adjacent elements in the original array.

Input:

The first line consists of an integer...read more
Ans.

Find the maximum sum of a subsequence without choosing adjacent elements in the original array.

  • Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum sum of non-adjacent elements.

  • At each index, compare the sum of including the current element with excluding the current element.

  • Return the maximum sum obtained.

  • Example: For input [3, 2, 7, 10], the maximum sum is 13 by selecting 3 and 10.

  • Example: For input [3, 2, 5], the maximum sum is 8 by selecting 3 and 5.

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Q5. Reverse Linked List Problem Statement

Given a singly linked list of integers, return the head of the reversed linked list.

Example:

Initial linked list: 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> NULL
Reversed linked list: 4 -> 3 -> 2...read more
Ans.

Reverse a singly linked list of integers and return the head of the reversed linked list.

  • Iterate through the linked list and reverse the pointers to point to the previous node instead of the next node.

  • Use three pointers to keep track of the current, previous, and next nodes while reversing the linked list.

  • Ensure to update the head of the reversed linked list at the end of the process.

  • Example: Input: 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> NULL, Output: 4 -> 3 -> 2 -> 1 -> NULL

Q6. Colourful Knapsack Problem Statement

You are given N stones labeled from 1 to N. The i-th stone has the weight W[i]. There are M colors labeled by integers from 1 to M. The i-th stone has the color C[i] which i...read more

Ans.

The task is to fill a Knapsack with stones of different colors and weights, minimizing unused capacity.

  • Given N stones with weights W and colors C, choose M stones (one of each color) to fill Knapsack with total weight not exceeding X

  • Minimize unused capacity of Knapsack by choosing stones wisely

  • If no way to fill Knapsack, output -1

  • Example: N=5, M=3, X=10, W=[1, 3, 3, 5, 5], C=[1, 2, 3, 1, 2] -> Output: 1

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Q7. Minimum Number of Lamps Needed

Given a string S containing dots (.) and asterisks (*), where a dot represents free spaces and an asterisk represents lamps, determine the minimum number of additional lamps neede...read more

Ans.

Determine the minimum number of additional lamps needed to illuminate a string with dots and asterisks.

  • Iterate through the string and check for free spaces that are not already illuminated by existing lamps

  • Place a lamp at each free space that is not already illuminated by an existing lamp

  • Consider edge cases where the first and last positions may need additional lamps

Q8. Intersection of Linked List Problem

You are provided with two singly linked lists containing integers, where both lists converge at some node belonging to a third linked list.

Your task is to determine the data...read more

Ans.

Find the node where two linked lists merge, return -1 if no merging occurs.

  • Traverse both lists to find their lengths and the difference in lengths

  • Move the pointer of the longer list by the difference in lengths

  • Traverse both lists simultaneously until they meet at the merging point

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Q9. Colorful Knapsack Problem

You are given a set of 'N' stones, each with a specific weight and color. The goal is to fill a knapsack with exactly 'M' stones, choosing one stone of each color, so that the total we...read more

Ans.

The goal is to fill a knapsack with exactly 'M' stones, one of each color, minimizing unused capacity.

  • Iterate through stones, keeping track of weights for each color

  • Sort stones by weight and color, then select one stone of each color

  • Calculate total weight for selected stones and find minimum unused capacity

Q10. Linked List Merge Point Problem

You are given two singly linked lists and a third linked list, such that the two lists merge at some node of the third linked list. Determine the data value at the node where thi...read more

Ans.

Given two linked lists that merge at some point, find the data value at the merging node.

  • Traverse both lists to find their lengths and the difference in lengths

  • Move the pointer of the longer list by the difference in lengths

  • Traverse both lists simultaneously until the nodes match to find the merging node

Q11. 1>linked list node contain a string field and next.find if by concatenating all string fields the string formed is palindrome or not? 2-> merge to sorted array in which one arra is large enough to accomodate el...

read more
Ans.

The first question is about checking if a string formed by concatenating all string fields in a linked list is a palindrome or not.

  • Traverse the linked list and concatenate all string fields

  • Check if the concatenated string is a palindrome by comparing characters from both ends

  • Consider edge cases like empty linked list or single node with an empty string field

Q12. Puzzle question -> 12 people on island with a seesaw. 11 of them have identical weight, one has higher or lower. How can you find out which one? You can only use the seesaw 3 times

Ans.

Use the seesaw 3 times to find the person with different weight among 12 people on an island.

  • Divide the 12 people into 3 groups of 4.

  • Compare 2 groups on the seesaw, then narrow down the group with the different person.

  • Take the 4 people from the identified group and compare 2 of them on the seesaw to find the person with different weight.

Q13. Can you explain the Egg Dropping Puzzle and how it was discussed?
Ans.

The Egg Dropping Puzzle is a classic problem in mathematics and computer science that involves finding the highest floor from which an egg can be dropped without breaking.

  • The puzzle involves finding the minimum number of attempts needed to determine the highest safe floor using only two eggs.

  • Strategies for solving the puzzle include binary search, dynamic programming, and optimal stopping theory.

  • The puzzle was discussed in the context of algorithm design and optimization duri...read more

Q14. What is the difference between encoding, cryptography, hashing ?

Ans.

Encoding is the process of converting data into a specific format. Cryptography is the practice of secure communication. Hashing is the process of converting data into a fixed-size string of bytes.

  • Encoding is used to convert data into a specific format for transmission or storage.

  • Cryptography involves techniques for secure communication, such as encryption and decryption.

  • Hashing is used to convert data into a fixed-size string of bytes, often used for data integrity verificat...read more

Q15. What is product management? What is product development life cycle

Ans.

Product management is the process of overseeing all aspects of a product's life cycle, from ideation to launch and beyond.

  • Product management involves identifying customer needs and developing a product that meets those needs

  • It includes market research, product design, development, testing, launch, and ongoing support

  • Product managers work closely with cross-functional teams, including engineering, design, marketing, and sales

  • They are responsible for setting product strategy, p...read more

Q16. What metrics will you measure to know the success of swiggy

Ans.

Key metrics to measure Swiggy's success include customer retention rate, order volume, average order value, and customer satisfaction.

  • Customer retention rate: Percentage of customers who continue to use Swiggy over a period of time.

  • Order volume: Number of orders processed by Swiggy in a given time frame.

  • Average order value: Average amount spent by customers on each order.

  • Customer satisfaction: Feedback and ratings provided by customers on their experience with Swiggy.

Q17. 1. Binary tree traversal 2. Multiply 2 big numbers represented in the form of string. 3. Detect the k-th node from the back of a linked list.

Ans.

Questions on binary tree traversal, multiplying big numbers represented as strings, and detecting k-th node from the back of a linked list.

  • Binary tree traversal can be done in three ways: in-order, pre-order, and post-order.

  • To multiply two big numbers represented as strings, you can use the grade-school algorithm or Karatsuba algorithm.

  • To detect the k-th node from the back of a linked list, you can use two pointers approach or find the length of the list first.

Q18. Difference between process and thread

Ans.

A process is an instance of a program, while a thread is a unit of execution within a process.

  • A process is an independent entity that runs in its own memory space, while threads share the same memory space within a process.

  • Processes have their own resources, such as file handles and memory, while threads share these resources.

  • Processes are heavyweight and have higher overhead, while threads are lightweight and have lower overhead.

  • Processes provide better isolation and securit...read more

Q19. How would you build amazing products?

Ans.

To build amazing products, I would focus on understanding user needs, conducting thorough research, iterating based on feedback, and prioritizing simplicity and usability.

  • Understand user needs through research and feedback

  • Iterate on designs based on user feedback

  • Prioritize simplicity and usability in product features

  • Stay updated on industry trends and technologies

Q20. How would you design app for your idea?

Ans.

I would design an app for tracking personal fitness goals and progress.

  • Create a user-friendly interface for inputting and tracking fitness goals

  • Include features for tracking exercise routines, nutrition intake, and progress measurements

  • Provide personalized recommendations and reminders to help users stay on track

  • Incorporate social features to allow users to connect and motivate each other

  • Integrate with wearable devices and fitness trackers for seamless data syncing

Q21. What is a north star metric?

Ans.

A north star metric is a key performance indicator that aligns the entire team towards a common goal.

  • It is a single metric that measures the success of a product or business.

  • It helps in focusing efforts and resources on what truly matters.

  • Examples include monthly active users, revenue per user, or customer retention rate.

Q22. Implementation of a trie to search for a word.

Ans.

A trie is a tree-like data structure used for efficient searching of words or strings.

  • Trie is also known as prefix tree.

  • Each node in the trie represents a character in the word.

  • The root node represents an empty string.

  • The children of a node represent the next character in the word.

  • The end of a word is marked by a special character or a boolean flag.

  • Trie is commonly used in autocomplete and spell checking applications.

Q23. How would you ship a product?

Ans.

I would ship a product by determining the best shipping method, packaging it securely, and arranging for delivery.

  • Research and select the most cost-effective and reliable shipping carrier

  • Package the product securely to prevent damage during transit

  • Arrange for delivery and track the shipment to ensure timely arrival

Q24. Define MOS and its real life application.

Ans.

MOS stands for Mean Opinion Score, a metric used to measure the quality of audio or video in telecommunications.

  • MOS is typically rated on a scale from 1 to 5, with 5 being the best quality.

  • It is used in telecommunications to assess the overall user experience with audio and video calls.

  • MOS helps companies identify and address issues with call quality to improve customer satisfaction.

  • For example, a call center may use MOS to monitor and improve the quality of customer calls.

Q25. Explain C++ memory management & pointers

Ans.

C++ memory management involves allocating and deallocating memory for variables, while pointers store memory addresses.

  • Pointers are variables that store memory addresses.

  • They are used to access and manipulate data stored in memory.

  • Example: int* ptr = new int; *ptr = 10; delete ptr;

Q26. Finding a loop in a LinkedIn list

Ans.

To find a loop in a LinkedIn list, we can use Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm.

  • Floyd's algorithm uses two pointers, one moving at twice the speed of the other.

  • If there is a loop, the faster pointer will eventually catch up to the slower one.

  • We can then reset one of the pointers to the beginning and move both at the same speed.

  • Where they meet is the start of the loop.

Q27. Explain the supply chain of a book

Ans.

The supply chain of a book involves multiple stages from raw materials to distribution.

  • Raw materials such as paper and ink are sourced

  • Printing and binding process takes place

  • Books are packaged and shipped to distribution centers

  • Books are distributed to retailers or directly to customers

  • Returns and unsold copies may be sent back to publishers

Q28. What was my fav product

Ans.

My favorite product is the iPhone.

  • Sleek design and user-friendly interface

  • High-quality camera for capturing memories

  • Wide range of apps for productivity and entertainment

Q29. Drop in sign-ups, find couse?

Ans.

To address drop in sign-ups, analyze user behavior, optimize onboarding process, improve marketing strategies, and enhance product features.

  • Analyze user behavior to identify pain points in the sign-up process

  • Optimize onboarding process to make it more user-friendly and efficient

  • Improve marketing strategies to reach target audience effectively

  • Enhance product features based on user feedback and market trends

Q30. Conflict management at work environment

Ans.

Conflict management involves addressing and resolving disagreements or disputes in a professional manner.

  • Listen actively to all parties involved

  • Identify the root cause of the conflict

  • Communicate openly and honestly

  • Seek a win-win solution through compromise

  • Involve a mediator if necessary

Q31. Modified unbounded knapsack.

Ans.

Modified unbounded knapsack problem involves maximizing the value of items with unlimited quantities and weight constraints.

  • Consider items with values and weights, along with a weight constraint

  • Dynamic programming can be used to solve this problem efficiently

  • Examples: Given items with values [60, 100, 120] and weights [10, 20, 30], and a weight constraint of 50, maximize the value

Q32. diff between nbfc and bank

Ans.

NBFCs are financial institutions that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank.

  • NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits like banks

  • NBFCs do not form part of the payment and settlement system and cannot issue cheques drawn on itself

  • NBFCs are not regulated as strictly as banks by the central bank

  • Examples of NBFCs include Bajaj Finance, Muthoot Finance, and L&T Finance

Q33. My prev experience with API's

Ans.

I have experience working with various APIs in previous projects.

  • Integrated Google Maps API for location services in a mobile app

  • Utilized Twitter API for social media data analysis

  • Implemented Stripe API for payment processing in an e-commerce website

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