30+ Member Technical Staff Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Find the maximum window size to sort an unsorted array.

• Identify the longest decreasing subarray from the beginning and longest increasing subarray from the end

• Find the minimum and maximum element in the identified subarrays

• Expand the identified subarrays until all elements in the array are covered

• The length of the expanded subarray is the maximum window size

Merge sort and Quick sort are sorting algorithms used to sort arrays of data.

• Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that divides the input array into two halves, sorts each half recursively, and then merges the sorted halves.

• Quick sort is also a divide and conquer algorithm that selects a pivot element and partitions the array around the pivot, sorting the two resulting sub-arrays recursively.

• Merge sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) and is stable, but requires add...read more

Comparison of heights of two soldiers chosen based on different criteria from a grid of soldiers.

• Soldier A is chosen based on tallest men from every column and shortest among them.

• Soldier B is chosen based on shortest men from every row and tallest among them.

• The height of Soldier A and Soldier B cannot be determined without additional information about the grid of soldiers.

To find and remove a loop in a Linked List, we can use Floyd's Cycle Detection Algorithm.

• Use two pointers, slow and fast, to detect if there is a loop in the Linked List

• If the two pointers meet at some point, there is a loop

• To remove the loop, set one of the pointers to the head of the Linked List and move both pointers one step at a time until they meet again

• The meeting point is the start of the loop, set the next pointer of this node to NULL to remove the loop

Finding the longest last occurring word in a sentence with multiple whitespace.

• Split the sentence into words using whitespace as delimiter

• Reverse the list of words

• Iterate through the list and find the first occurrence of each word

• Calculate the length of each last occurring word

• Return the longest last occurring word

Priority queue is a data structure that stores elements with priority levels and retrieves them in order of priority.

• Priority queue is implemented using a heap data structure.

• Stack can be implemented using a priority queue by assigning higher priority to the most recently added element.

• Queue can be implemented using a priority queue by assigning higher priority to the oldest element.

Code to find number of combinations of reaching step N by ball falling from staircase with 1 or 2 steps per jump.

• Use dynamic programming to solve the problem

• Create an array to store the number of ways to reach each step

• Initialize the array with base cases for steps 0, 1, and 2

• Use a loop to fill in the array for steps 3 to N

• The number of ways to reach step i is the sum of the number of ways to reach step i-1 and i-2

• Return the value at the Nth index of the array

A recursive function calls itself until a base case is reached, then returns the result to the previous call.

• Each call creates a new instance of the function on the call stack

• The function continues to call itself until a base case is reached

• Once the base case is reached, the function returns the result to the previous call

• The previous call then continues executing from where it left off

The grazing area of the horse can be calculated by finding the area of the circle formed by the rope.

• Calculate the radius of the circle formed by the rope (15m).

• Use the formula for the area of a circle (A = πr^2) to find the grazing area.

• Subtract the area of the square (5cm x 5cm) from the grazing area to get the final result.

1+√2 is greater than √5 graphically.

• Plot the points on a number line or graph.

• 1+√2 is approximately 2.41, while √5 is approximately 2.24.

• Therefore, 1+√2 is greater than √5.

Develop and implement security and cloud controls for Cloud Engineering

• Conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify potential security threats

• Implement encryption protocols to protect data in transit and at rest

• Utilize multi-factor authentication to enhance access control

• Regularly monitor and audit cloud infrastructure for security vulnerabilities

• Implement automated security controls to quickly respond to threats

• Train employees on security best practices to prevent human er...read more

Find maximum distinct elements in every sliding window of size k.

• Create a hash table to store the frequency of each element in the current window.

• Use two pointers to maintain the current window and slide it over the array.

• Update the hash table for each new element in the window and remove the old element.

• Keep track of the maximum number of distinct elements seen so far.

• Repeat until all windows of size k have been processed.

Process is an instance of a program while thread is a subset of a process that can run concurrently with other threads.

• A process is a program in execution

• A process can have multiple threads

• Threads share the same memory space as the process

• Threads can run concurrently with other threads within the same process

• Examples of processes include web browsers, word processors, and media players

• Examples of threads include GUI thread, network thread, and background thread

Implementing stack using queue involves using two queues to simulate stack behavior.

• Create two queues, q1 and q2.

• Push operation: Enqueue the element to q1.

• Pop operation: Dequeue all elements from q1 to q2 except the last element. Dequeue and return the last element.

• Swap the names of q1 and q2 after each pop operation.

• Top operation: Return the last element of q1 without dequeuing it.

• isEmpty operation: Check if both q1 and q2 are empty.

Cloud offers endless opportunities for growth through continuous innovation and scalability.

• Continuous learning and upskilling in cloud technologies such as AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud

• Exploring new services and features offered by cloud providers to enhance productivity and efficiency

• Utilizing cloud-native tools for automation, monitoring, and optimization

• Developing expertise in areas like serverless computing, containers, and microservices architecture

• Collaborating with cro...read more

Minimum number of swaps required to make a given array of strings a palindrome.

• Create a hash table to store the frequency of each character in the array.

• Iterate through the array and count the number of characters with odd frequency.

• If the count is greater than 1, the array cannot be rearranged into a palindrome.

• Otherwise, use two pointers to swap characters and count the number of swaps required to make the array a palindrome.

Coding in machine with complex problems requires strong problem-solving skills and knowledge of algorithms.

• Understand the problem thoroughly before starting to code

• Break down the problem into smaller subproblems

• Use appropriate data structures and algorithms to solve the problem efficiently

• Test your code thoroughly to ensure it works correctly

• Optimize your code for performance if necessary

Find the 4th smallest element in a Binary Search Tree.

• Traverse the BST in-order and keep track of the count of visited nodes.

• When the count reaches 4, return the current node's value.

• If the BST has less than 4 nodes, return null or throw an exception.

Approvals from VP and CTO are required for certain decisions or actions within the company.

• Approvals from VP and CTO are usually needed for major projects, budget allocations, strategic decisions, etc.

• These approvals ensure that decisions align with the company's goals and strategies.

• Examples include seeking approval from the VP and CTO before launching a new product, making significant changes to existing processes, or hiring key personnel.

Java program on data structures

• Use Java to implement common data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs

• Practice implementing algorithms like sorting, searching, and traversal on these data structures

• Understand the time and space complexity of different operations on data structures

Merge two sorted linked lists

• Create a new linked list to store the merged list

• Compare the first nodes of both lists and add the smaller one to the new list

• Move the pointer of the added node to the next node

• Repeat until one of the lists is empty

• Add the remaining nodes of the non-empty list to the new list