10+ Infrastructure Specialist Interview Questions and Answers

To check if a pod in ReplicaSet went down or failed, monitor the pod status, logs, and events.

• Monitor the pod status using kubectl get pods command

• Check the pod logs for any error messages using kubectl logs command

• Review the events related to the pod using kubectl describe pod command

• Set up alerts or notifications for pod failures using monitoring tools like Prometheus or Grafana

Use encrypted variables, limit access to credentials, and utilize secure storage solutions.

• Encrypt sensitive variables using tools like Vault or AWS KMS

• Limit access to credentials by using least privilege principles

• Store credentials securely in a password manager or key vault

• Avoid hardcoding credentials in Terraform configuration files

CICD stages include build, test, deploy, and monitor. Common issues include integration challenges and pipeline failures.

• Stages: Build, Test, Deploy, Monitor

• Issues: Integration challenges, Pipeline failures

• Example: Integration challenges with third-party tools delaying deployment

Modules in Terraform are reusable components that allow you to encapsulate and organize your infrastructure code.

• Modules help in breaking down complex infrastructure into smaller, manageable components

• They promote reusability and maintainability of code

• Modules can be shared and used across different projects

• Example: Creating a module for provisioning a virtual machine in Azure

VPC is a virtual private cloud that allows you to create isolated networks, NAT Gateway enables instances in a private subnet to connect to the internet, NACL controls inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level, SG controls traffic at the instance level.

• VPC is a virtual network in the cloud that you can define and customize, providing a secure environment for your resources.

• NAT Gateway allows instances in a private subnet to access the internet while remaining private.

• N...read more

A Dockerfile is a text document that contains all the commands a user could call on the command line to assemble an image.

• Start with a base image

• Use the FROM keyword to specify the base image

• Add any necessary dependencies using the RUN keyword

• Copy application code into the image using the COPY keyword

• Expose any necessary ports using the EXPOSE keyword

• Specify the command to run when the container starts using the CMD keyword

Types of patches include security patches, bug fixes, feature updates, and service packs.

• Security patches are released to fix vulnerabilities and protect systems from cyber attacks.

• Bug fixes address issues and errors in software or systems.

• Feature updates introduce new functionalities or improvements.

• Service packs are collections of updates, fixes, and enhancements for a software product.

I prioritize tasks based on deadlines and importance, use tools like to-do lists and calendars, and focus on one task at a time.

• Prioritize tasks based on deadlines and importance

• Use tools like to-do lists and calendars to stay organized

• Focus on one task at a time to ensure quality and efficiency

FSMO roles are Flexible Single Master Operations roles in Active Directory that control specific operations within the domain.

• There are 5 FSMO roles: Schema Master, Domain Naming Master, RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master

• Each FSMO role has a specific function in the Active Directory environment

• These roles are necessary for the proper functioning and maintenance of the Active Directory infrastructure

Enabling virtualization involves setting up software and hardware to create virtual instances of computers or servers.

• Install a hypervisor software on the physical server

• Configure virtual machines with allocated resources

• Enable virtual networking for communication between virtual machines

• Implement storage solutions for virtual machines

• Monitor and manage virtualized environment for performance optimization

Yes, I have experience with both Cloud services and Linux/Windows operating systems.

• Experience with AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud Platform

• Proficient in Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, CentOS, or Red Hat

• Familiar with Windows Server operating systems

• Knowledge of virtualization technologies like VMware or Hyper-V

Desktop troubleshooting steps involve identifying the issue, checking connections, restarting the computer, running diagnostics, and seeking help if needed.

• Identify the issue by asking the user for details

• Check all connections (power, monitor, peripherals)

• Restart the computer to see if the issue resolves

• Run diagnostics tools to identify hardware or software problems

• Seek help from IT support or online resources if needed

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• Layer 1 - Physical layer: Deals with physical connections and data transmission (e.g. Ethernet cables)

• Layer 2 - Data link layer: Manages data transfer between devices on the same network (e.g. MAC addresses)

• Layer 3 - Network layer: Handles routing and logical addressing (e.g. IP addresses)

• Layer 4 - Transport layer: Ensures data integrity and rel...read more

A failover cluster is a group of independent servers that work together to increase the availability and reliability of applications and services.

• Failover cluster allows for automatic failover of services from one server to another in case of hardware or software failure.

• It provides high availability by ensuring that if one server goes down, another server in the cluster can take over the workload.

• Failover clusters are commonly used in data centers for critical applications l...read more

The vCenter upgrade process involves several steps to ensure a smooth transition to the new version.

• Ensure compatibility of existing infrastructure with the new vCenter version

• Backup all critical data before starting the upgrade

• Check for any known issues or bugs with the new version

• Follow the upgrade documentation provided by VMware for step-by-step instructions

• Test the upgraded vCenter in a non-production environment before deploying in production