40+ Full Stack Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Linking stylesheet with HTML is done using the link tag in the head section of HTML.

• Use the link tag with rel attribute set to stylesheet and href attribute set to the path of the stylesheet file.

• Place the link tag inside the head section of the HTML document.

• Example:

JavaScript is a versatile programming language that can be used for both front-end and back-end development.

• JavaScript is primarily used for client-side scripting, allowing dynamic content and interactivity on websites.

• It can also be used for server-side development with frameworks like Node.js.

• JavaScript has a wide range of capabilities, including manipulating HTML and CSS, handling events, creating animations, and making HTTP requests.

• It supports object-oriented programming...read more

I am excited about technologies that enable seamless integration and automation.

• APIs and microservices

• DevOps tools like Docker and Kubernetes

• Automation tools like Selenium and Jenkins

• Cloud computing platforms like AWS and Azure

• Machine learning and AI technologies

I am a highly motivated and detail-oriented full stack developer with strong problem-solving skills.

• Pros: Strong problem-solving skills

• Detail-oriented

• Highly motivated

• Experience in full stack development

• Cons: Can be overly meticulous at times

• May need to work on delegating tasks more effectively

Hexaware is a global IT services company providing automation, cloud, and digital solutions.

• Hexaware was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Mumbai, India.

• They offer services in areas such as application transformation, infrastructure management, and business process services.

• Hexaware has a strong focus on automation and digital technologies to help clients improve efficiency and innovation.

• The company has a global presence with offices in multiple countries including the...read more

Java is a popular backend language, polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, reverse string by iterating through characters.

• Java is commonly used in backend development for its robustness and scalability.

• Polymorphism in OOP allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, enabling flexibility and reusability.

• To reverse a string, iterate through the characters from the end to the beginning and append them to a new string.

Elements in an array can be accessed by using their index positions.

• Access elements by specifying the index position within square brackets, starting from 0.

• For example, to access the first element in an array named 'colors': colors[0] will give the first element.

• Loop through the array to access all elements sequentially.

Elements can be deleted from an array using various methods like splice(), pop(), shift(), and filter().

• Use splice() method to delete elements by index

• Use pop() method to remove the last element

• Use shift() method to remove the first element

• Use filter() method to create a new array without the elements to be deleted

Table variables are created in memory and are scoped to the batch, while temporary tables are stored in tempdb and can be accessed across batches.

• Table variables are created using DECLARE statement, while temporary tables are created using CREATE TABLE statement.

• Table variables are limited to the scope of the batch or stored procedure in which they are declared, while temporary tables can be accessed across batches.

• Table variables are automatically deallocated when the batch ...read more

Use Linq query to filter data and group by in C#

• Use 'Where' method to filter data based on a condition

• Use 'GroupBy' method to group the filtered data based on a key

• Example: var result = data.Where(x => x.Property == value).GroupBy(x => x.GroupKey)

I know multiple technical languages.

• I am proficient in Java, Python, JavaScript, and SQL.

• I have experience with HTML, CSS, and C++.

• I am constantly learning and expanding my knowledge of new languages and technologies.

Python is a versatile language with a simple syntax that offers numerous benefits for software development.

• Easy to learn and read

• Large standard library

• Cross-platform compatibility

• Supports multiple programming paradigms

• Great for data analysis and scientific computing

• Used in web development, machine learning, and automation

• Highly customizable and extensible

• Strong community support

The SQL execution plan that is more efficient and utilizes indexes is better.

• Look for execution plans that utilize indexes to minimize the number of rows scanned.

• Avoid full table scans if possible, as they can be resource-intensive.

• Consider the use of join algorithms like nested loops, hash joins, or merge joins for optimal performance.

Middleware is software that acts as a bridge between different applications or components, facilitating communication and data exchange.

• Middleware helps in connecting different software components or applications together.

• It can handle tasks such as authentication, logging, and error handling.

• Examples of middleware include Express.js in Node.js for web applications and Redux middleware for managing state in React applications.

Entity Framework is an ORM tool that enables developers to work with databases using .NET objects.

• Entity Framework is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool that allows developers to interact with databases using .NET objects.

• It eliminates the need for writing SQL queries by translating LINQ queries into SQL queries.

• It provides automatic generation of database schema based on the domain model.

• Entity Framework supports various database providers such as SQL Server, MySQL, SQL...read more

Identity Management System is a system used to manage and control user identities and access permissions within an organization.

• It centralizes user data and permissions

• It allows for single sign-on across multiple systems

• It enhances security by enforcing access controls

• Examples include Active Directory, Okta, and OneLogin

HTTP verbs are used to indicate the action to be performed on a resource in a RESTful API.

• GET - retrieve data from a server

• POST - send data to a server to create/update a resource

• PUT - update a resource on the server

• DELETE - remove a resource from the server

• PATCH - partially update a resource on the server

Hexaware offers a collaborative work environment, cutting-edge technologies, and opportunities for growth and learning.

• Hexaware provides a collaborative work environment where developers can work together to solve complex problems.

• The company uses cutting-edge technologies and tools, allowing developers to stay up-to-date with the latest trends in software development.

• Hexaware offers opportunities for growth and learning through training programs, certifications, and mentorsh...read more

Check if a number is prime or not.

• A prime number is only divisible by 1 and itself.

• Loop through all numbers from 2 to n-1 and check if n is divisible by any of them.

• If n is divisible by any number, it is not prime.

• If n is not divisible by any number, it is prime.

Exe is an executable file that can be run independently, while DLL is a dynamic link library that is loaded by programs when needed.

• Exe stands for executable file, while DLL stands for dynamic link library.

• Exe files can be run independently, while DLL files are loaded by programs when needed.

• Exe files have their own memory space, while DLL files share memory space with the calling process.

• Exe files are typically larger in size compared to DLL files.

• Examples: Notepad.exe is an...read more

ES6 is the 6th version of ECMAScript, introducing new features like arrow functions, classes, let/const, and more.

• ES6 introduced let and const for block-scoped variables

• ES6 introduced arrow functions for concise syntax

• ES6 introduced classes for object-oriented programming

• ES6 introduced template literals for string interpolation

API is a set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications to communicate with each other. Web services are a type of API that are accessed over a network, typically using HTTP.

• API is a broader term that encompasses all types of interfaces for software communication.

• Web services are a specific type of API that are accessed over a network, often using HTTP protocols.

• APIs can be used for various purposes such as accessing databases, hardware, or other softw...read more

Functions in Python are blocks of reusable code that perform a specific task.

• Functions are defined using the 'def' keyword followed by the function name and parameters.

• Functions can return a value using the 'return' keyword.

• Functions can be called multiple times with different arguments.

• Functions can be passed as arguments to other functions.

• Functions can have default parameter values.

• Lambda functions are anonymous functions that can be defined in a single line.

• Example: def a...read more

Communicate two APIs by using HTTP requests to send and receive data between them.

• Use HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE to interact with APIs

• Utilize JSON or XML format to send and receive data

• Implement authentication mechanisms like API keys or OAuth for secure communication

Hooks in React are functions that let you use state and other React features without writing a class.

• Hooks were introduced in React 16.8 to allow developers to use state and other React features in functional components.

• Some commonly used hooks are useState, useEffect, useContext, and useReducer.

• Hooks allow for better code organization and reusability compared to class components.

• Example: const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

DOM stands for Document Object Model, which represents the structure of a web page. Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task.

• DOM is a tree-like structure that represents the elements of a web page, allowing for manipulation and interaction through JavaScript.

• Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform a specific task when called.

• Example: document.getElementById('myElement') selects an element with the id 'myElement' from the DOM.

• Example: function add(a...read more

useState is a hook in React that allows functional components to have state.

• useState is a built-in hook in React.

• It allows functional components to have stateful logic.

• useState returns an array with the current state value and a function to update that value.

• Example: const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

An attribute in MVC is a piece of metadata that provides additional information about a model, view, or controller.

• Attributes are used to add behavior or data to a class or method in MVC

• They can be used for validation, authorization, caching, etc.

• Examples include [Required], [Authorize], [OutputCache]

Create a Login/Register web app

• Use HTML/CSS for front-end design

• Implement user authentication using a backend language like Node.js or Python

• Store user information securely in a database like MySQL or MongoDB

SQL locks are mechanisms used to control access to data in a database to prevent conflicts and ensure data integrity.

• SQL locks are used to prevent multiple users from accessing or modifying the same data simultaneously.

• There are different types of SQL locks such as shared locks, exclusive locks, and update locks.

• Locks can be applied at different levels such as row-level, page-level, or table-level.

• For example, a shared lock allows multiple users to read data but only one user...read more

Dependency Injection is a design pattern where the dependencies of an object are provided externally rather than created within the object itself.

• Dependencies are passed to a class or method from the outside, rather than being created internally.

• This helps in achieving loose coupling between classes, making the code more modular and easier to maintain.

• Dependency Injection can be done through constructor injection, setter injection, or interface injection.

Routing in Angular is the process of navigating between different components based on the URL.

• Routing allows users to navigate between different parts of an Angular application without reloading the entire page.

• Routes are defined in the app-routing.module.ts file using the RouterModule and Routes classes.

• Each route maps a URL path to a component, which is then displayed when the corresponding URL is accessed.

• Angular uses the router-outlet directive to render the component ass...read more

Solid Principles are a set of five design principles for writing clean, maintainable, and scalable code.

• Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• Open/Closed Principle: Classes should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affecting the program's correctness.

• Interface Segregation Principle: Clients should not be fo...read more

Use a hash set to find duplicates in an array of strings.

• Create a hash set to store unique elements.

• Iterate through the array and check if each element is already in the hash set.

• If it is, then it is a duplicate. If not, add it to the hash set.

• Return the list of duplicates found.

It's not possible to reverse a string in O(1) time complexity.

• Reversing a string requires iterating through the entire string, which takes O(n) time complexity.

• O(1) time complexity means the operation takes constant time, regardless of the input size.

• Therefore, it's not possible to reverse a string in O(1) time complexity.

Reverse a linked list

• Iterate through the linked list and change the direction of the pointers

• Keep track of the previous, current, and next nodes while iterating

• Set the head of the linked list to the last node after reversing

Java 8 introduced several new features including lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods.

• Lambda expressions allow for more concise code and easier parallel programming.

• Functional interfaces enable the use of lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to work with sequences of elements and perform operations on them.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations.

• Optional class helps to avoid NullPointerExceptions.

• DateTime API for ...read more