AWS Cloud and DevOps Engineer

AWS Cloud and DevOps Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 8 Jan 2025

Q1. What is a Persistent Volume (PV) and a Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) in Kubernetes, and how do they relate to stateful applications?

Ans.

PV and PVC in Kubernetes are used to provide persistent storage for stateful applications.

Persistent Volume (PV) in Kubernetes is a piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator.
Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) is a request for storage by a user or pod in the cluster.
PVs and PVCs decouple storage from the pod, allowing for easier management and scaling of stateful applications.
PVs can be dynamically provisioned or statically provisioned, depending...read more

Q2. What is the purpose of Helm in Kubernetes, and how does it simplify application deployment and management

Ans.

Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes that simplifies application deployment and management.

Helm allows users to define, install, and upgrade complex Kubernetes applications with ease using charts.
It helps in managing dependencies, configurations, and versions of applications in Kubernetes.
Helm enables sharing of applications through public or private repositories, promoting reusability and collaboration.
It provides a templating engine to customize configurations for diffe...read more

Q3. How can you perform rolling updates and rollbacks of applications in Kubernetes?

Ans.

Rolling updates and rollbacks in Kubernetes can be performed using deployment objects and their configurations.

Use Kubernetes deployment objects to manage application updates.
Specify the desired number of replicas and update strategy in the deployment configuration.
To perform a rolling update, change the image version in the deployment configuration and apply the changes.
Kubernetes will gradually update pods to the new version while maintaining availability.
To rollback an upd...read more

Q4. How would you troubleshoot a Pod that is not running as expected in a Kubernetes cluster?

Ans.

To troubleshoot a Pod not running in a Kubernetes cluster, check logs, describe Pod, check resource limits, verify network connectivity, and restart Pod.

Check the logs of the Pod to identify any error messages or issues
Describe the Pod to get more information about its status, events, and configuration
Check the resource limits and requests of the Pod to ensure it has enough resources to run
Verify network connectivity within the cluster to ensure the Pod can communicate with o...read more

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Q5. What are DaemonSets in Kubernetes, and when might you use them

Ans.

DaemonSets in Kubernetes ensure that a copy of a pod is running on all or a subset of nodes in a cluster

DaemonSets are used when you need to run a single pod on all nodes in a cluster, such as logging or monitoring agents
They are also useful for running pods that provide node-level services, like storage or networking
DaemonSets can be used to ensure that a specific pod is always running on specific nodes, regardless of other scheduling constraints