1500+ Associate Interview Questions and Answers

A put option holder would exercise the option when the underlying asset's price is below the strike price.

• Put option holders exercise when the market price of the underlying asset is lower than the strike price.

• They exercise to sell the asset at a higher price than the market price.

• Put options are often exercised before the expiration date if the market conditions are favorable.

• Exercising a put option allows the holder to profit from a decline in the price of the underlying a...read more

Bank reconciliation statement is a document that compares the bank statement with the company's accounting records.

• It helps to identify any discrepancies between the two records.

• It includes items such as deposits, withdrawals, and bank fees.

• It ensures that the company's financial records are accurate and up-to-date.

• It is usually prepared on a monthly basis.

• Example: If the bank statement shows a withdrawal of $100 but the company's records show a withdrawal of $50, the bank re...read more

Fund flow statement shows the changes in a company's financial position over a period of time, while cash flow statement shows the inflows and outflows of cash during a specific period.

• Fund flow statement focuses on changes in working capital, fixed assets, and long-term investments, while cash flow statement focuses on cash inflows and outflows.

• Fund flow statement helps in analyzing the reasons for changes in a company's financial position, while cash flow statement helps in...read more

Liquidity of an asset refers to its ability to be quickly and easily converted into cash without significant loss in value.

• Liquidity is a measure of how easily an asset can be bought or sold in the market.

• Highly liquid assets can be quickly converted into cash, while illiquid assets may take longer to sell.

• Liquidity is important for investors as it allows them to access their funds when needed or take advantage of investment opportunities.

• Examples of liquid assets include cas...read more

The golden rules of accounting are: debit the receiver, credit the giver, and maintain the balance sheet equation.

• Debit the receiver and credit the giver is the first golden rule of accounting.

• The second golden rule is to maintain the balance sheet equation, which is Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

• Invoicing is the process of billing customers for goods or services provided.

• Debt is the amount of money owed by a company to its creditors or lenders.

• Proper invoicing and debt manag...read more

Joins are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column. Types include inner, outer, left, right, and cross join.

• Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Outer join returns all rows from both tables, with null values for non-matching rows.

• Left join returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right join returns all rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Cross join returns the Ca...read more

Primary market is where new securities are issued, while secondary market is where existing securities are traded.

• Primary market involves the issuance of new securities by companies to raise capital, while secondary market involves the trading of existing securities among investors.

• Types of corporate actions include stock splits, dividends, mergers and acquisitions, and spin-offs.

• Stock split is when a company increases the number of shares outstanding by issuing more shares t...read more

To implement REST API, follow these steps:

• Define the resources and their URIs

• Define the HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

• Implement the methods using a programming language

• Test the API using tools like Postman

• Document the API using tools like Swagger

Fabrication involves the creation or construction of something, often using various materials and techniques.

• Fabrication is the process of making or manufacturing something.

• It involves using materials and techniques to create a finished product.

• Examples of fabrication include welding, machining, and 3D printing.

• Fabrication can be used in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction.

Fixed income and money products in India refer to investment options that provide a fixed return on investment.

• Fixed income products include government bonds, corporate bonds, and fixed deposits.

• Money products include savings accounts, money market funds, and treasury bills.

• Fixed income and money products are popular among risk-averse investors.

• Interest rates on fixed income products are influenced by factors such as inflation and monetary policy.

• The Reserve Bank of India reg...read more

Valuation methods include market, income, and asset-based approaches, each used for different purposes.

• Market approach: based on comparable sales of similar assets in the market

• Income approach: based on the present value of expected future income generated by the asset

• Asset-based approach: based on the value of the asset's tangible and intangible assets

• Market approach is commonly used for real estate, income approach for businesses, and asset-based approach for liquidation or...read more

Decrease in pH can occur due to various factors in conversion coating.

• Decrease in pH can be caused by the addition of an acid or acidic solution.

• Presence of reactive metals in the coating can lead to a decrease in pH.

• Contamination by organic materials or impurities can also lower the pH.

• Chemical reactions during the conversion coating process may result in pH decrease.

• Examples of conversion coatings include phosphating, chromating, and anodizing.

Flask inoculation is the process of introducing microorganisms into a sterile flask to grow and multiply.

• Flask inoculation involves sterilizing the flask and media, adding the microorganisms, and incubating the flask.

• The process can be used to produce large quantities of microorganisms for research or industrial purposes.

• Seed inoculation is the process of transferring a small amount of the grown culture to a larger vessel for further growth.

• The success of flask inoculation de...read more

I prioritize the problems based on urgency and importance, and then allocate time and resources accordingly.

• Assess the urgency and importance of each problem

• Create a plan of action for each problem

• Allocate time and resources based on the plan

• Regularly reassess and adjust the plan as needed

• Example: If one problem is a deadline that cannot be missed and the other is a minor issue, prioritize the deadline and allocate more time and resources to it

Market capitalisation is the total value of a company's outstanding shares.

• Market cap is calculated by multiplying the current stock price by the total number of outstanding shares.

• It is used to determine the size of a company and its overall worth.

• Companies with higher market caps are generally considered more stable and less risky investments.

• For example, Apple Inc. has a market cap of over $2 trillion as of 2021.

• Market cap can fluctuate based on changes in stock price and ...read more

KYC registration requires identity proof, address proof, and a recent photograph.

• Identity proof: Aadhaar card, PAN card, passport, driving license, voter ID card

• Address proof: Aadhaar card, passport, utility bills, bank statement, rent agreement

• Recent photograph: passport size photograph

KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator. It is a measurable value that demonstrates how effectively a company is achieving its key business objectives.

• KPIs are used to evaluate the success of an organization or of a particular activity in which it engages.

• They help to identify areas that require improvement and to set goals for improvement.

• KPIs can be financial or non-financial, qualitative or quantitative, and can be used at various levels within an organization.

• Examples of...read more

The governor of RBI is Shaktikanta Das.

• Shaktikanta Das is the current governor of RBI.

• He assumed office on December 12, 2018.

• Prior to becoming the governor, he served as the Secretary of the Department of Economic Affairs in the Ministry of Finance.

• As the governor, he is responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policies in India.

• He plays a crucial role in maintaining financial stability and regulating the banking sector.

Financial statements are reports that show the financial performance of a company. The most important statement is the income statement.

• Financial statements are used to analyze a company's financial performance

• The income statement shows a company's revenue and expenses over a period of time

• Ratios can be used to analyze a company's financial health

• A prepaid journal entry is used to record an expense that has been paid in advance

• The golden rules of accounting are: debit the rec...read more

Creating threads in programming and the different ways to do so.

• Threads can be created by extending the Thread class and overriding the run() method.

• Threads can also be created by implementing the Runnable interface and passing it to a Thread object.

• Java 8 introduced the concept of creating threads using lambda expressions.

• Thread pools can be used to manage a group of threads.

• Examples: Thread t1 = new Thread(); t1.start();

• Examples: class MyThread extends Thread { public void ...read more

Filter student data from database using specific logics

• Filter students by grade level

• Filter students by gender

• Filter students by attendance record

• Filter students by GPA

• Filter students by extracurricular activities

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization involves breaking down a database into smaller, more manageable tables.

• Each table should have a primary key and only contain data that is related to that key.

• Normalization helps to prevent data inconsistencies and anomalies.

• There are different levels of normalization, with each level building on the previous one.

• For example, first normal form (1NF) requi...read more

Query to join employees who are all managers using id in the table.

• Use self join to join the table on manager id and employee id

• Filter the result to only include employees who are also managers

• Example: SELECT e1.name, e2.name FROM employees e1 JOIN employees e2 ON e1.id = e2.manager_id WHERE e2.manager_id IS NOT NULL

• Ensure that the table has a manager_id column

To convince the production lead to enhance safety in the shop floor, I would use a combination of data, reasoning, and empathy.

• Gather relevant data on the importance of safety in the shop floor, such as accident statistics or case studies.

• Present the data to the production lead, highlighting the potential risks and costs associated with compromising safety.

• Explain the benefits of prioritizing safety, such as improved employee morale, reduced absenteeism, and increased product...read more

Company code level is maintained for global settings applicable to all clients, while client level is maintained for specific settings unique to each client.

• Company code level settings include currency, chart of accounts, and fiscal year variants.

• Client level settings include customer master data, vendor master data, and sales organization data.

Answers to questions related to finance and accounting.

• Derivative is a financial instrument whose value is derived from an underlying asset.

• Money market is a market for short-term borrowing and lending of funds.

• Weaknesses can vary from person to person, but it's important to be self-aware and work on improving them.

• Bad debt entry is on the debit side of the balance sheet.

• Introduction should include name, education, work experience, and relevant skills.

It depends on various factors such as market conditions, financial stability, and strategic goals.

• Consider the market share of both companies

• Analyze the financial stability of both companies

• Evaluate the strategic goals of both companies

• Assess the potential benefits and risks of the acquisition

• Look at the regulatory environment

• Consider the cultural fit between the two companies