1000+ Associate Interview Questions and Answers

Speak on the topic of climate change

• Climate change is a global issue caused by human activities

• It leads to rising temperatures, sea level rise, and extreme weather events

• Reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to renewable energy sources can help mitigate its effects

• Examples of climate change impacts include melting glaciers, coral bleaching, and species extinction

Trial balance is a list of all the accounts and their balances, balance sheet liabilities include accounts payable, loans, bonds, and deferred revenue, goods purchase journal entry records the purchase of inventory.

• Trial balance is a summary of all the ledger accounts and their balances

• Balance sheet liabilities include accounts payable, loans, bonds, and deferred revenue

• Goods purchase journal entry debits inventory and credits accounts payable

• Trial balance is used to ensure t...read more

A bond is a debt security that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower.

• Bonds are issued by governments, municipalities, and corporations.

• They are used to raise capital and finance projects.

• Different types of bonds include government bonds, corporate bonds, municipal bonds, and convertible bonds.

• Government bonds are issued by national governments and are considered low-risk.

• Corporate bonds are issued by companies to raise capital and offer higher yields.

• Municipal b...read more

A singleton class is a class that can only have one instance at a time.

• To achieve a singleton class, we need to make the constructor private so that it cannot be instantiated from outside the class.

• We then create a static method that returns the instance of the class, and if the instance does not exist, it creates one.

• Singleton classes are often used for managing resources that should only have one instance, such as database connections or configuration settings.

Design patterns are reusable solutions to common software problems in Java.

• Design patterns provide a standard way to solve common problems in software development.

• They help in making code more maintainable, flexible and reusable.

• Examples of design patterns include Singleton, Factory, Observer, and Decorator.

• Design patterns can be categorized into three types: creational, structural, and behavioral.

Yes

• Tax profit and accounting profit are different concepts in finance.

• Tax profit refers to the profit calculated for tax purposes, taking into account tax laws and regulations.

• Accounting profit, on the other hand, is the profit calculated based on generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).

• Tax profit can be higher or lower than accounting profit depending on various factors such as tax deductions, credits, and allowances.

• For example, a company may have higher accounting ...read more

Fund flow statement shows the changes in a company's financial position over a period of time, while cash flow statement shows the inflows and outflows of cash during a specific period.

• Fund flow statement focuses on changes in working capital, fixed assets, and long-term investments, while cash flow statement focuses on cash inflows and outflows.

• Fund flow statement helps in analyzing the reasons for changes in a company's financial position, while cash flow statement helps in...read more

The golden rules of accounting are: debit the receiver, credit the giver, and maintain the balance sheet equation.

• Debit the receiver and credit the giver is the first golden rule of accounting.

• The second golden rule is to maintain the balance sheet equation, which is Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

• Invoicing is the process of billing customers for goods or services provided.

• Debt is the amount of money owed by a company to its creditors or lenders.

• Proper invoicing and debt manag...read more

Joins are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column. Types include inner, outer, left, right, and cross join.

• Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Outer join returns all rows from both tables, with null values for non-matching rows.

• Left join returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right join returns all rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Cross join returns the Ca...read more

Primary market is where new securities are issued, while secondary market is where existing securities are traded.

• Primary market involves the issuance of new securities by companies to raise capital, while secondary market involves the trading of existing securities among investors.

• Types of corporate actions include stock splits, dividends, mergers and acquisitions, and spin-offs.

• Stock split is when a company increases the number of shares outstanding by issuing more shares t...read more

To implement REST API, follow these steps:

• Define the resources and their URIs

• Define the HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

• Implement the methods using a programming language

• Test the API using tools like Postman

• Document the API using tools like Swagger

Fabrication involves the creation or construction of something, often using various materials and techniques.

• Fabrication is the process of making or manufacturing something.

• It involves using materials and techniques to create a finished product.

• Examples of fabrication include welding, machining, and 3D printing.

• Fabrication can be used in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction.

Mutual fund is a type of investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to invest in various securities.

• Mutual funds are managed by professional fund managers

• Investors buy shares in the mutual fund and the value of the shares is based on the performance of the underlying securities

• Types of mutual funds include equity funds, bond funds, and money market funds

• Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their value from an underlying asset or security

• Types of ...read more

CDS are Credit Default Swaps, a type of financial derivative used to transfer credit risk from one party to another.

• CDS are contracts between two parties where one party agrees to compensate the other in case of a credit event, such as default or bankruptcy, of a third party.

• Companies underwrite CDS to hedge against the risk of default by a borrower or counterparty, or to speculate on the creditworthiness of a particular entity.

• CDS played a significant role in the 2008 financ...read more

Valuation methods include market, income, and asset-based approaches, each used for different purposes.

• Market approach: based on comparable sales of similar assets in the market

• Income approach: based on the present value of expected future income generated by the asset

• Asset-based approach: based on the value of the asset's tangible and intangible assets

• Market approach is commonly used for real estate, income approach for businesses, and asset-based approach for liquidation or...read more

Decrease in pH can occur due to various factors in conversion coating.

• Decrease in pH can be caused by the addition of an acid or acidic solution.

• Presence of reactive metals in the coating can lead to a decrease in pH.

• Contamination by organic materials or impurities can also lower the pH.

• Chemical reactions during the conversion coating process may result in pH decrease.

• Examples of conversion coatings include phosphating, chromating, and anodizing.

Leasing luxury cars for high speed driving in a designated arena owned by someone else.

• Assess the demand for such a service in the market

• Research the legal requirements and liabilities involved

• Determine the cost of leasing and maintaining high-end luxury cars

• Consider the safety measures that need to be put in place

• Explore potential partnerships with the arena owner and other businesses in the industry

Flask inoculation is the process of introducing microorganisms into a sterile flask to grow and multiply.

• Flask inoculation involves sterilizing the flask and media, adding the microorganisms, and incubating the flask.

• The process can be used to produce large quantities of microorganisms for research or industrial purposes.

• Seed inoculation is the process of transferring a small amount of the grown culture to a larger vessel for further growth.

• The success of flask inoculation de...read more

I prioritize the problems based on urgency and importance, and then allocate time and resources accordingly.

• Assess the urgency and importance of each problem

• Create a plan of action for each problem

• Allocate time and resources based on the plan

• Regularly reassess and adjust the plan as needed

• Example: If one problem is a deadline that cannot be missed and the other is a minor issue, prioritize the deadline and allocate more time and resources to it

KYC registration requires identity proof, address proof, and a recent photograph.

• Identity proof: Aadhaar card, PAN card, passport, driving license, voter ID card

• Address proof: Aadhaar card, passport, utility bills, bank statement, rent agreement

• Recent photograph: passport size photograph

Short-term solvency ratios used to assess a company's ability to meet its fixed charge obligations.

• Fixed Charge Service Ratio (FCSR) measures the ability of a company to meet its fixed charge obligations such as interest and lease payments.

• Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is the average cost of all the capital a company has raised and is used to evaluate investment opportunities.

• Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) is a meas...read more

KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator. It is a measurable value that demonstrates how effectively a company is achieving its key business objectives.

• KPIs are used to evaluate the success of an organization or of a particular activity in which it engages.

• They help to identify areas that require improvement and to set goals for improvement.

• KPIs can be financial or non-financial, qualitative or quantitative, and can be used at various levels within an organization.

• Examples of...read more

Financial statements are reports that show the financial performance of a company. The most important statement is the income statement.

• Financial statements are used to analyze a company's financial performance

• The income statement shows a company's revenue and expenses over a period of time

• Ratios can be used to analyze a company's financial health

• A prepaid journal entry is used to record an expense that has been paid in advance

• The golden rules of accounting are: debit the rec...read more

Creating threads in programming and the different ways to do so.

• Threads can be created by extending the Thread class and overriding the run() method.

• Threads can also be created by implementing the Runnable interface and passing it to a Thread object.

• Java 8 introduced the concept of creating threads using lambda expressions.

• Thread pools can be used to manage a group of threads.

• Examples: Thread t1 = new Thread(); t1.start();

• Examples: class MyThread extends Thread { public void ...read more

Filter student data from database using specific logics

• Filter students by grade level

• Filter students by gender

• Filter students by attendance record

• Filter students by GPA

• Filter students by extracurricular activities

Antibiotics are medicines used to treat bacterial infections.

• Antibiotics work by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria.

• They are not effective against viral infections.

• There are different types of antibiotics, such as penicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin.

• Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance.

• Antibiotics should only be taken as prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization involves breaking down a database into smaller, more manageable tables.

• Each table should have a primary key and only contain data that is related to that key.

• Normalization helps to prevent data inconsistencies and anomalies.

• There are different levels of normalization, with each level building on the previous one.

• For example, first normal form (1NF) requi...read more

To convince the production lead to enhance safety in the shop floor, I would use a combination of data, reasoning, and empathy.

• Gather relevant data on the importance of safety in the shop floor, such as accident statistics or case studies.

• Present the data to the production lead, highlighting the potential risks and costs associated with compromising safety.

• Explain the benefits of prioritizing safety, such as increased employee morale, reduced absenteeism, and improved product...read more

Methods to secure a database using SQL include encryption, access control, and regular updates.

• Use encryption to protect sensitive data

• Implement access control to restrict unauthorized access

• Regularly update the database software to patch security vulnerabilities

Company code level is maintained for global settings applicable to all clients, while client level is maintained for specific settings unique to each client.

• Company code level settings include currency, chart of accounts, and fiscal year variants.

• Client level settings include customer master data, vendor master data, and sales organization data.

Answers to questions related to finance and accounting.

• Derivative is a financial instrument whose value is derived from an underlying asset.

• Money market is a market for short-term borrowing and lending of funds.

• Weaknesses can vary from person to person, but it's important to be self-aware and work on improving them.

• Bad debt entry is on the debit side of the balance sheet.

• Introduction should include name, education, work experience, and relevant skills.

Liquidity of an asset refers to its ability to be quickly and easily converted into cash without significant loss in value.

• Liquidity is a measure of how easily an asset can be bought or sold in the market.

• Highly liquid assets can be quickly converted into cash, while illiquid assets may take longer to sell.

• Liquidity is important for investors as it allows them to access their funds when needed or take advantage of investment opportunities.

• Examples of liquid assets include cas...read more

It depends on various factors such as market conditions, financial stability, and strategic goals.

• Consider the market share of both companies

• Analyze the financial stability of both companies

• Evaluate the strategic goals of both companies

• Assess the potential benefits and risks of the acquisition

• Look at the regulatory environment

• Consider the cultural fit between the two companies

The number of people using a specific station in front of Tokyo Disney Land per day is unknown.

• There is no available data on the number of people using the station

• It would require conducting a survey or analysis to determine the number of daily users

• Factors such as time of day, day of the week, and season could impact the number of users

The Government Securities Market in India is a platform for trading government securities.

• Government Securities Market is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India.

• It is a platform for trading government securities like treasury bills, bonds, and securities issued by the central and state governments.

• The market is open to all investors including individuals, banks, financial institutions, and foreign investors.

• The market is an important source of funding for the government.

• The m...read more

Class variables are shared among all instances of a class while instance variables are unique to each instance.

• Class variables are defined within the class but outside of any methods.

• Instance variables are defined within a class's methods and are unique to each instance.

• Class variables are accessed using the class name while instance variables are accessed using the instance name.

• Example of class variable: count = 0 (used to keep track of the number of instances created)

• Examp...read more

During my internship, I learned about market analysis and estimating demand. To estimate the market for hyperloop between Mangalore and Bangalore, I would consider factors such as population, transportation infrastructure, economic growth, and potential competitors.

• Analyze the population of both Mangalore and Bangalore to determine the potential customer base for the hyperloop service.

• Evaluate the current transportation options between the two cities and identify any gaps tha...read more

Opening a bank account requires valid identity and address proof. E-commerce refers to buying and selling goods online.

• To open a bank account, visit the bank with valid identity and address proof documents

• Fill out the account opening form and submit the required documents

• Once the account is opened, you can start depositing and withdrawing money

• E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services online

• Examples of e-commerce platforms include Amazon, Flipkart, and...read more

I manage myself in a hectic environment by prioritizing tasks, staying organized, and practicing stress management techniques.

• Prioritize tasks based on urgency and importance

• Break down complex tasks into smaller, manageable steps

• Use tools like to-do lists, calendars, and reminders to stay organized

• Practice time management techniques, such as setting deadlines and allocating specific time slots for different tasks

• Take short breaks to recharge and avoid burnout

• Utilize stress ma...read more

IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression) is used to create a private scope and avoid global namespace pollution.

• IIFE can be used to create modules in JavaScript.

• It can also be used to avoid naming conflicts in code.

• IIFE can be used to create closures and maintain state.

• It can be used to execute code immediately without the need for a function call.

• IIFE can be used to pass arguments to a function without exposing them to the global scope.

Valid case criteria

• The case must have a clear and specific problem or issue

• The case must have relevant and reliable data or information

• The case must have a logical and coherent structure

• The case must have realistic and feasible solutions

• The case must have potential for learning and application

• The case must have ethical and legal considerations

• The case must have appropriate scope and complexity

Market capitalisation is the total value of a company's outstanding shares.

• Market cap is calculated by multiplying the current stock price by the total number of outstanding shares.

• It is used to determine the size of a company and its overall worth.

• Companies with higher market caps are generally considered more stable and less risky investments.

• For example, Apple Inc. has a market cap of over $2 trillion as of 2021.

• Market cap can fluctuate based on changes in stock price and ...read more

The probability of rain in Chennai today depends on various factors such as season, weather conditions, and location.

• The probability can be estimated by analyzing the current weather patterns and historical data.

• Factors such as humidity, temperature, and wind speed can affect the probability of rain.

• Local weather forecasts and satellite imagery can also provide insights into the likelihood of rain.

• The probability of rain can range from 0% to 100%, with higher probabilities in...read more

Sales is the process of convincing a potential customer to buy a product or service. Insurance is a contract between an individual and an insurance company to protect against financial loss.

• Sales involves identifying potential customers, understanding their needs, and persuading them to make a purchase.

• Insurance provides financial protection against unexpected events such as accidents, illnesses, or natural disasters.

• Policy Bazar is a leading online insurance aggregator that ...read more

Fitness brands are competing by offering unique experiences, personalized training, and innovative technology.

• Brands are creating unique experiences to differentiate themselves from competitors.

• Personalized training programs are becoming more popular to cater to individual needs.

• Innovative technology such as wearables and fitness apps are being integrated into workouts.

• Brands are also focusing on community building and social media engagement to attract and retain customers.

• E...read more

The retailer client is experiencing a decline in revenue, analyze the cause.

• Conduct a thorough analysis of the retailer's financial statements to identify any trends or patterns in revenue decline.

• Evaluate the competitive landscape to see if new competitors have entered the market or existing competitors have gained market share.

• Assess the retailer's marketing and advertising strategies to determine if they are effectively reaching their target audience.

• Consider external fact...read more

Approximately 700 airplanes take off and land at Mumbai airport daily.

• Consider the average number of flights per day at Mumbai airport

• Factor in peak travel times and seasonal variations

• Take into account the types of aircrafts that operate at the airport