50+ Apprentice Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, while machine learning is a subset of AI that allows machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.

• AI involves creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

• Machine learning is a subset of AI that involves training algorithms to make predictions or decisions based on data.

• AI and machine learning are used in a variety of indu...read more

Short circuit doesn't happen between conductor and pole while raining due to the insulating properties of rainwater.

• Rainwater is a poor conductor of electricity

• It acts as an insulator between the conductor and pole

• The insulating properties of rainwater prevent the flow of current and thus short circuit is avoided

Trade Life Cycle refers to the process of a trade from initiation to settlement, involving various steps and dates.

• Trade initiation: Trade is proposed and agreed upon by parties involved.

• Trade execution: Trade is executed on the agreed terms.

• Trade confirmation: Parties confirm the details of the trade.

• Trade settlement: Actual exchange of securities and payment takes place.

• Trade reconciliation: Ensuring all details match between parties' records.

• Trade lifecycle dates can vary ...read more

Rectifier is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and can be half or full wave.

• A rectifier is an electrical device that converts AC to DC.

• A half-wave rectifier only allows one half of the AC waveform to pass through, resulting in pulsating DC.

• A full-wave rectifier allows both halves of the AC waveform to pass through, resulting in smoother DC.

• Rectifiers are commonly used in power supplies and electronic devices.

• Examples of rectifiers include ...read more

Reagents are chemicals used in organic chemistry for various reactions such as oxidation, reduction, and amide formation.

• Reagents are used to facilitate chemical reactions in organic chemistry

• Oxidation reagents include KMnO4, H2CrO4, and PCC

• Reduction reagents include LiAlH4, NaBH4, and H2/Pd-C

• Amide formation reagents include SOCl2, NH3, and NaOH

• Reagents can be used in combination to achieve specific reactions

Bet test, pyrogen test, and bioburden test are all types of tests conducted in the medical field.

• Bet test is a test used to determine the bacterial endotoxin levels in pharmaceutical products.

• Pyrogen test is performed to detect the presence of pyrogens, substances that can cause fever, in medical devices or drugs.

• Bioburden test is conducted to measure the microbial contamination levels in a product or material.

• Examples: Bet test is commonly used in the quality control of inje...read more

Similarities in different modes of Heat Transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation.

• All modes involve the transfer of heat from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.

• Heat transfer occurs due to a temperature difference between two objects or substances.

• The rate of heat transfer is influenced by the thermal conductivity of the materials involved.

• Examples include a metal spoon heating up when placed in a hot drink (conduction), a fan blowing warm air around a r...read more

The normal range of UV spectroscopy is typically between 200 to 400 nanometers.

• UV spectroscopy measures the absorption of ultraviolet light by a sample.

• The range of UV spectroscopy is determined by the wavelength of light used.

• The UV range is divided into three regions: UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm), and UV-C (200-280 nm).

• UV spectroscopy is commonly used in fields such as chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental science.

There are numerous types of cutting tools used in various industries.

• The number of cutting tools varies depending on the industry and application.

• Some common types of cutting tools include saws, drills, knives, scissors, and shears.

• Other cutting tools include plasma cutters, waterjet cutters, and laser cutters.

• The type of cutting tool used depends on the material being cut and the desired outcome.

• In the medical field, cutting tools include scalpels, forceps, and scissors.

• Over...read more

Ajanta Pharma is a pharmaceutical company based in India.

• Ajanta Pharma is known for manufacturing and exporting a wide range of pharmaceutical products.

• The company has a strong presence in the Indian market and also exports to over 30 countries.

• Ajanta Pharma is particularly known for its expertise in the development and manufacturing of generic drugs.

• The company has received several awards and recognitions for its contributions to the pharmaceutical industry.

Types of gear include spur, helical, bevel, worm, rack and pinion, and planetary. Limit fits and tolerance ensure proper fit. Pricegen instruments measure gear characteristics.

• Spur gear has straight teeth and is used for low-speed applications.

• Helical gear has angled teeth and is used for high-speed applications.

• Bevel gear has cone-shaped teeth and is used for changing the direction of power transmission.

• Worm gear has a screw-like thread and is used for high reduction ratios....read more

The pharmaceutical industry involves the research, development, production, and marketing of drugs and medications.

• Pharmaceutical companies research and develop new drugs to treat various medical conditions.

• The industry is highly regulated to ensure safety and efficacy of medications.

• Pharmaceutical sales representatives promote drugs to healthcare professionals.

• Generic drugs are cheaper alternatives to brand-name medications.

• Biotechnology companies also play a role in the pha...read more

Accrued income is revenue earned but not yet received. Journal entry includes debiting accrued income and crediting income account.

• Accrued income is revenue that has been earned but not yet received.

• It is recorded as a current asset on the balance sheet.

• Journal entry for accrued income involves debiting accrued income and crediting the income account.

• Example: A company provides services to a client in December but does not receive payment until January. The revenue earned in ...read more

I use a combination of labeling, categorizing, and shelving to sort and store inventory efficiently.

• Label each item with a unique identifier

• Categorize items based on type, size, and frequency of use

• Shelve items in a logical order for easy access

• Regularly review and update inventory to ensure accuracy

Var and const are variable declarations in JavaScript with different scopes. Var has function scope while const has block scope.

• Var has function scope, meaning it is accessible within the function it is declared in.

• Const has block scope, meaning it is accessible only within the block it is declared in.

• Var can be redeclared and reassigned, while const cannot be reassigned but can be mutated.

• Var is hoisted to the top of its function scope, while const is not hoisted.

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.

• pH is measured on a scale from 0 to 14.

• A pH value below 7 indicates acidity, while a value above 7 indicates alkalinity.

• A pH of 7 is considered neutral.

• Each unit change in pH represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity.

• For example, lemon juice has a pH of around 2, indicating high acidity, while baking soda has a pH of around 9, indicating alkal...read more

CSS specificity determines which style rule is applied to an element when multiple rules have conflicting selectors.

• Specificity is calculated based on the type of selector used in a CSS rule.

• Inline styles have the highest specificity, followed by IDs, classes, and elements.

• Using !important in a rule increases its specificity, but should be used sparingly.

• Specificity is important to understand when troubleshooting CSS styling issues.

Normal functions are defined using the function keyword, while arrow functions are defined using the => syntax.

• Normal functions are hoisted, while arrow functions are not.

• Arrow functions do not have their own 'this' keyword, they inherit it from the parent scope.

• Arrow functions are more concise and have implicit return.

• Arrow functions cannot be used as constructors.

• Example: const normalFunction = function() {}; const arrowFunction = () => {};

Water system refers to the infrastructure and processes involved in the collection, treatment, distribution, and management of water resources.

• Water system includes various components such as reservoirs, treatment plants, pipes, and pumps.

• It involves the collection of water from natural sources like rivers, lakes, or groundwater.

• Water is treated to remove impurities and ensure it is safe for consumption.

• Distribution networks transport water to homes, businesses, and industrie...read more

Tablet is a solid dosage form of medication, GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practice, QA is Quality Assurance.

• Tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form that contains an active ingredient and excipients.

• GMP refers to the regulations and guidelines for ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.

• QA involves the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a product to ensure that standards are met.

• QA tests for tablets may include visual inspecti...read more

Quality control is a process used to ensure that products meet specific standards and requirements.

• Quality control involves monitoring and testing products to ensure they meet specified criteria

• HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is a technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture

• GC (Gas Chromatography) is a method used to separate and analyze compounds in a gas phase

• IR (Infrared) spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the chemical c...read more

Disintegration refers to the process of breaking down or falling apart into smaller pieces or components.

• Disintegration can occur in various forms such as physical, chemical, or biological.

• Physical disintegration can be seen in the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces due to weathering.

• Chemical disintegration can occur when a substance breaks down into its constituent parts due to a chemical reaction.

• Biological disintegration can be seen in the decomposition of organic ...read more

NAV stands for Net Asset Value, which is the value of a fund's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.

• NAV is used to determine the price of a mutual fund or ETF.

• Formula: NAV = (Total assets - Total liabilities) / Number of shares outstanding

• For example, if a mutual fund has total assets of $100 million, total liabilities of $10 million, and 10 million shares outstanding, the NAV would be ($100M - $10M) / 10M = $9 per share.

Narendra Modi is the current Prime Minister of India.

• Narendra Modi is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

• He has been serving as the Prime Minister of India since May 2014.

• Modi previously served as the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014.

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

• Rectifiers are commonly used in power supplies to convert AC voltage to DC voltage.

• They are made up of diodes, which allow current to flow in only one direction.

• Rectifiers can be half-wave or full-wave, depending on the type of diode configuration used.

• Examples of rectifiers include bridge rectifiers, vacuum tube rectifiers, and solid-state rectifiers.

SEBI stands for Securities and Exchange Board of India. It is the regulatory body for the securities market in India.

• SEBI regulates the securities market by overseeing the activities of stock exchanges, brokers, merchant bankers, and other intermediaries.

• It protects the interests of investors and promotes the development of the securities market.

• SEBI also regulates takeover of companies, insider trading, and fraudulent practices in the securities market.

• It formulates rules an...read more

There are various types of files such as text, image, audio, video, executable, system, and compressed files.

• Text files contain plain text and can be opened with a text editor (e.g. .txt)

• Image files store digital images (e.g. .jpg, .png)

• Audio files store sound (e.g. .mp3, .wav)

• Video files store video (e.g. .mp4, .avi)

• Executable files contain instructions to run a program (e.g. .exe)

• System files are used by the operating system (e.g. .dll, .sys)

• Compressed files contain one or ...read more

Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of chemicals.

• It involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase.

• The mixture is passed through the stationary phase, which separates the components based on their physical and chemical properties.

• Examples include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and paper chromatography.

TPM stands for Total Productive Maintenance, a proactive approach to maintenance that aims to maximize equipment effectiveness.

• TPM focuses on preventing breakdowns and improving overall equipment efficiency

• It involves regular maintenance, cleaning, and inspection of equipment

• TPM also includes training employees to take ownership of equipment maintenance

• Example: Implementing TPM practices in a manufacturing plant to reduce downtime and increase productivity

We perform a variety of tests including diagnostic, screening, monitoring, and research tests.

• Diagnostic tests help identify the presence of a disease or condition, such as blood tests or imaging scans.

• Screening tests are used to detect potential health problems before symptoms appear, like mammograms or colonoscopies.

• Monitoring tests track the progress of a disease or treatment, such as blood pressure monitoring or glucose testing.

• Research tests are conducted to gather data ...read more

Cutting tools are instruments used to cut or shape materials such as metal, wood, or plastic.

• Cutting tools can be hand-held or machine-operated

• Examples of cutting tools include saws, drills, shears, and knives

• Cutting tools are used in various industries such as construction, manufacturing, and woodworking

Closure in JavaScript is the combination of a function and the lexical environment within which that function was declared.

• Closure allows a function to access variables from its outer scope even after the outer function has finished executing.

• It is created whenever a function is defined within another function, and the inner function has access to the outer function's variables.

• Example: function outerFunction() { let outerVar = 'I am outer'; function innerFunction() { console...read more

Unit process involves a series of operations to bring about a physical or chemical change, while unit operation is a single step in a process.

• Unit process involves multiple unit operations to achieve a desired outcome

• Unit operation is a single step in a process that can be repeated multiple times

• Examples of unit processes include distillation, filtration, and chemical reactions

• Examples of unit operations include mixing, heating, and cooling

Yes, I have a car and a motorcycle.

• I own a car for daily commute.

• I also have a motorcycle for weekend rides.

• Both vehicles are well-maintained and regularly serviced.

DT stands for Decision Tree, a predictive modeling technique used in machine learning. Disso likely refers to dissolution testing in pharmaceuticals.

• DT (Decision Tree) is a supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.

• Decision Trees split the dataset into smaller subsets based on the most significant attribute.

• Disso (Dissolution Testing) is a process used in pharmaceutical industry to determine how quickly a drug dissolves in a solution.

• Dissoluti...read more

Shares represent ownership in a company and entitle the shareholder to a portion of the company's profits and voting rights.

• Shares are units of ownership in a company

• Shareholders are entitled to dividends based on the company's profits

• Shareholders have voting rights in company decisions

• Shares can be bought and sold on stock exchanges

• Common types of shares include common stock and preferred stock

Normality refers to the state of being typical or usual, conforming to a standard or norm.

• Normality is subjective and varies across cultures and contexts.

• It can refer to physical, mental, or social states.

• For example, normal body temperature is around 98.6°F, normal behavior in a classroom is to listen to the teacher, and normal social interaction involves respecting others' boundaries.

• Abnormality can be defined as deviating from the norm, but this can also be subjective and ...read more

React state management is a way to manage and update the state of components in a React application.

• State management helps in storing and updating data within components.

• React provides built-in state management using the useState hook.

• For more complex state management, libraries like Redux or Context API can be used.

• State management helps in keeping the UI in sync with the data changes.

A work standard sheet is a document that outlines the specific tasks, procedures, and expectations for a particular job or project.

• Provides detailed instructions on how to perform a job or task

• Includes information on safety protocols, quality standards, and deadlines

• Helps ensure consistency and efficiency in work processes

• May include visual aids or diagrams to aid understanding

• Examples: manufacturing assembly instructions, project management guidelines

The electrical field refers to the area of study and application of electricity and electromagnetism.

• Study of electrical circuits and components

• Application of electrical principles in devices and systems

• Understanding of electromagnetism and its effects

• Knowledge of electrical safety practices

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.

• Consists of primary and secondary coils

• Operates on the principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction

• Used to step up or step down voltage levels

• Commonly used in power distribution systems

In JavaScript, a promise is an object representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.

• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• They can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• Promises can be chained using .then() method to handle success and failure cases.

• Example: const myPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { ... });

Callback is a function that is passed as an argument to another function and is executed after the completion of that function.

• Callback functions are commonly used in asynchronous programming to handle tasks that take time to complete.

• Examples include event listeners in web development, setTimeout function in JavaScript, and AJAX requests.

• Callbacks can be synchronous or asynchronous depending on the programming language and context.

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers.

• Docker allows developers to package applications and their dependencies into containers.

• Containers are lightweight, portable, and isolated environments that can run on any system.

• Docker simplifies the process of building, deploying, and scaling applications.

• Example: Running a web server in a Docker container.

Tablet tooling refers to the process of creating tablets using specialized tooling equipment.

• Tablet tooling involves the use of punches and dies to compress powdered ingredients into tablets.

• The tooling equipment must be precise to ensure uniform tablet size and weight.

• Different shapes and sizes of tablets can be produced using different tooling configurations.

• Examples of tablet tooling equipment include rotary tablet presses and single-punch tablet presses.

PPE stands for Personal Protective Equipment, which includes clothing and gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards.

• PPE includes items like gloves, goggles, helmets, and masks.

• It is used in various industries such as construction, healthcare, and manufacturing.

• PPE is essential for protecting workers from injuries and illnesses.

• Examples of PPE in healthcare include surgical masks, gloves, and gowns.

Golden Rules of Accounting are basic principles that guide the process of recording financial transactions.

• The three Golden Rules of Accounting are: Debit what comes in, Credit what goes out, Debit the receiver, Credit the giver, Debit expenses and losses, Credit income and gains.

• These rules help maintain the balance in the accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

• For example, when a company receives cash from a customer, it will debit the cash account (what comes i...read more