100+ Apprentice Interview Questions and Answers

Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, while machine learning is a subset of AI that allows machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.

• AI involves creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

• Machine learning is a subset of AI that involves training algorithms to make predictions or decisions based on data.

• AI and machine learning are used in a variety of indu...read more

The steps for making a house include planning, foundation, framing, electrical and plumbing, insulation, drywall, flooring, and finishing.

• Plan the design and layout of the house

• Lay the foundation and build the frame

• Install electrical and plumbing systems

• Add insulation and drywall

• Install flooring and finish with paint or wallpaper

Python's simplicity, versatility, and ease of use make it popular. Java's complexity and verbosity make it less popular.

• Python has a simpler syntax and is easier to learn than Java.

• Python is versatile and can be used for a wide range of applications, including web development, data analysis, and artificial intelligence.

• Java's verbosity and complexity make it less appealing to developers.

• Python has a large and active community that contributes to its popularity.

• Java's populari...read more

NTL Lidar is a laser-based technology used for object detection and mapping in autonomous vehicles.

• NTL Lidar stands for 'New Technology Light Detection and Ranging'.

• It uses laser beams to create a 3D map of the surrounding environment.

• This technology is commonly used in autonomous vehicles for object detection and collision avoidance.

• Toyota Kirloskar Motor Company may be using NTL Lidar in their autonomous vehicle development.

Short circuit doesn't happen between conductor and pole while raining due to the insulating properties of rainwater.

• Rainwater is a poor conductor of electricity

• It acts as an insulator between the conductor and pole

• The insulating properties of rainwater prevent the flow of current and thus short circuit is avoided

Rectifier is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and can be half or full wave.

• A rectifier is an electrical device that converts AC to DC.

• A half-wave rectifier only allows one half of the AC waveform to pass through, resulting in pulsating DC.

• A full-wave rectifier allows both halves of the AC waveform to pass through, resulting in smoother DC.

• Rectifiers are commonly used in power supplies and electronic devices.

• Examples of rectifiers include ...read more

Choose database based on project requirements, scalability, performance, and budget.

• Consider the type of data you will be storing (structured, unstructured, semi-structured)

• Evaluate the scalability requirements of your project

• Assess the performance needs of your application

• Take into account the budget constraints for the project

• Consider the level of expertise available for managing the database

• Examples: MySQL for small-scale projects, MongoDB for unstructured data, PostgreSQL...read more

Similarities in different modes of Heat Transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation.

• All modes involve the transfer of heat from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.

• Heat transfer occurs due to a temperature difference between two objects or substances.

• The rate of heat transfer is influenced by the thermal conductivity of the materials involved.

• Examples include a metal spoon heating up when placed in a hot drink (conduction), a fan blowing warm air around a r...read more

Reagents are chemicals used in organic chemistry for various reactions such as oxidation, reduction, and amide formation.

• Reagents are used to facilitate chemical reactions in organic chemistry

• Oxidation reagents include KMnO4, H2CrO4, and PCC

• Reduction reagents include LiAlH4, NaBH4, and H2/Pd-C

• Amide formation reagents include SOCl2, NH3, and NaOH

• Reagents can be used in combination to achieve specific reactions

To prepare 1N H2SO4 solution, add 49 g of concentrated H2SO4 to 1 L of distilled water.

• Measure 49 g of concentrated H2SO4

• Add it to 1 L of distilled water

• Stir the solution until the H2SO4 is completely dissolved

• Check the pH of the solution to ensure it is 1N

Factorial using recursion logic

• Define a function that takes an integer as input

• Check if the input is 0 or 1, return 1 if true

• If not, call the function recursively with input-1 and multiply with input

Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution.

• Titration involves adding a solution of known concentration to a solution of unknown concentration until a reaction is complete.

• Types of titration include acid-base titration, redox titration, and complexometric titration.

• In acid-base titration, an acid or base is titrated with a base or acid, respectively.

• In redox titration, the titrant is an oxidizing or reducing agent.

• In co...read more

The normal range of UV spectroscopy is typically between 200 to 400 nanometers.

• UV spectroscopy measures the absorption of ultraviolet light by a sample.

• The range of UV spectroscopy is determined by the wavelength of light used.

• The UV range is divided into three regions: UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm), and UV-C (200-280 nm).

• UV spectroscopy is commonly used in fields such as chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental science.

There are numerous types of cutting tools used in various industries.

• The number of cutting tools varies depending on the industry and application.

• Some common types of cutting tools include saws, drills, knives, scissors, and shears.

• Other cutting tools include plasma cutters, waterjet cutters, and laser cutters.

• The type of cutting tool used depends on the material being cut and the desired outcome.

• In the medical field, cutting tools include scalpels, forceps, and scissors.

• Over...read more

Heat duty of a condenser can be calculated using the formula Q = m * Cp * deltaT.

• Determine the mass flow rate of the fluid being condensed

• Determine the specific heat capacity of the fluid being condensed

• Calculate the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the condenser

• Use the formula Q = m * Cp * deltaT to calculate the heat duty

• Ensure that all units are consistent

Ajanta Pharma is a pharmaceutical company based in India.

• Ajanta Pharma is known for manufacturing and exporting a wide range of pharmaceutical products.

• The company has a strong presence in the Indian market and also exports to over 30 countries.

• Ajanta Pharma is particularly known for its expertise in the development and manufacturing of generic drugs.

• The company has received several awards and recognitions for its contributions to the pharmaceutical industry.

Transformers are used in electrical systems to change the voltage level of electricity.

• Transformers are used to step up or step down the voltage in an electrical system.

• They are essential for transmitting electricity over long distances.

• Transformers help in reducing energy losses during transmission.

• They are used in power distribution systems to match the voltage levels of different devices.

• Transformers are also used in electronic devices to convert AC voltage to DC voltage.

Dosage form refers to the physical form in which a drug is produced and dispensed for administration to a patient.

• Dosage forms can include tablets, capsules, syrups, injections, creams, and patches.

• The choice of dosage form depends on factors such as the drug's properties, patient preferences, and route of administration.

• Different dosage forms have varying onset of action, duration of effect, and bioavailability.

• Examples of dosage forms include extended-release tablets, effer...read more

Types of gear include spur, helical, bevel, worm, rack and pinion, and planetary. Limit fits and tolerance ensure proper fit. Pricegen instruments measure gear characteristics.

• Spur gear has straight teeth and is used for low-speed applications.

• Helical gear has angled teeth and is used for high-speed applications.

• Bevel gear has cone-shaped teeth and is used for changing the direction of power transmission.

• Worm gear has a screw-like thread and is used for high reduction ratios....read more

Hypothesis testing is a statistical method to make inferences about a population based on sample data.

• Hypothesis testing involves formulating a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.

• The p-value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme as the one observed, assuming the null hypothesis is true.

• Machine learning algorithms are computational models that learn patterns and make predictions from data.

• Python is a popular programming language for data analys...read more

Stress is the force applied to an object, while strain is the deformation or change in shape that occurs due to stress.

• Stress is an external force applied to an object, while strain is the internal response of the object to that force.

• Stress is measured in units of force per unit area, while strain is measured in units of length per unit length.

• Stress can cause strain, but strain can also occur without stress if the object is subjected to a change in temperature or humidity.

• E...read more

The pharmaceutical industry involves the research, development, production, and marketing of drugs and medications.

• Pharmaceutical companies research and develop new drugs to treat various medical conditions.

• The industry is highly regulated to ensure safety and efficacy of medications.

• Pharmaceutical sales representatives promote drugs to healthcare professionals.

• Generic drugs are cheaper alternatives to brand-name medications.

• Biotechnology companies also play a role in the pha...read more

Accrued income is revenue earned but not yet received. Journal entry includes debiting accrued income and crediting income account.

• Accrued income is revenue that has been earned but not yet received.

• It is recorded as a current asset on the balance sheet.

• Journal entry for accrued income involves debiting accrued income and crediting the income account.

• Example: A company provides services to a client in December but does not receive payment until January. The revenue earned in ...read more

Some of the shortcut keys in Excel are Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, Ctrl+Z, Ctrl+X, Ctrl+B, Ctrl+U, Ctrl+I, Ctrl+K, Ctrl+T, and F2.

• Ctrl+C copies the selected cells

• Ctrl+V pastes the copied cells

• Ctrl+Z undoes the last action

• Ctrl+X cuts the selected cells

• Ctrl+B bolds the selected cells

• Ctrl+U underlines the selected cells

• Ctrl+I italicizes the selected cells

• Ctrl+K inserts a hyperlink

• Ctrl+T creates a table

• F2 edits the selected cell

Different types of valves include ball valves, gate valves, globe valves, and butterfly valves, each with specific applications in industries like oil and gas, water treatment, and manufacturing.

• Ball valves are used for on/off control in applications with low flow resistance.

• Gate valves are ideal for applications requiring a tight seal and minimal pressure drop.

• Globe valves are suitable for regulating flow in systems with high pressure and temperature.

• Butterfly valves are com...read more

A tablet is a solid dosage form of medication that is compressed into a small, round, or oval shape for oral administration.

• Tablets are made by compressing a mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients into a solid form.

• Quality related tests for tablets include weight variation, disintegration time, dissolution rate, hardness, friability, and content uniformity.

• Examples of quality tests include measuring the weight of individual tablets to ensure consistency, ...read more

I use a combination of labeling, categorizing, and shelving to sort and store inventory efficiently.

• Label each item with a unique identifier

• Categorize items based on type, size, and frequency of use

• Shelve items in a logical order for easy access

• Regularly review and update inventory to ensure accuracy

Distillation is a process of separating components of a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling points.

• Distillation involves heating a liquid mixture to create vapor, then cooling the vapor to condense it back into liquid form.

• The component with the lower boiling point will vaporize first, allowing for separation from the other components.

• One example of distillation is the separation of ethanol and water in the production of alcoholic beverages.

Var and const are variable declarations in JavaScript with different scopes. Var has function scope while const has block scope.

• Var has function scope, meaning it is accessible within the function it is declared in.

• Const has block scope, meaning it is accessible only within the block it is declared in.

• Var can be redeclared and reassigned, while const cannot be reassigned but can be mutated.

• Var is hoisted to the top of its function scope, while const is not hoisted.

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.

• pH is measured on a scale from 0 to 14.

• A pH value below 7 indicates acidity, while a value above 7 indicates alkalinity.

• A pH of 7 is considered neutral.

• Each unit change in pH represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity.

• For example, lemon juice has a pH of around 2, indicating high acidity, while baking soda has a pH of around 9, indicating alkal...read more

Synchronization, similar voltage ratios, and proper phase sequence are required for parallel operation of two transformers.

• Synchronization of the two transformers is crucial to ensure they operate together smoothly.

• The transformers should have similar voltage ratios to prevent imbalance in the system.

• Proper phase sequence must be maintained to avoid damaging the transformers or causing power quality issues.

CSS specificity determines which style rule is applied to an element when multiple rules have conflicting selectors.

• Specificity is calculated based on the type of selector used in a CSS rule.

• Inline styles have the highest specificity, followed by IDs, classes, and elements.

• Using !important in a rule increases its specificity, but should be used sparingly.

• Specificity is important to understand when troubleshooting CSS styling issues.

Capsules are a type of medication dosage form that contains medicine in a gelatin shell.

• Capsules can be either hard or soft depending on the type of gelatin used.

• They can be filled with either powder, liquid, or pellets.

• Capsules can be used for oral or topical administration.

• Examples of capsule medications include ibuprofen, amoxicillin, and vitamin E.

• There are also specialized capsules such as enteric-coated capsules and sustained-release capsules.

The gear used in a bus to run the rear wheel is the differential gear.

• The differential gear allows the rear wheels of a bus to rotate at different speeds while turning.

• It is located in the rear axle housing and consists of a set of gears.

• The differential gear transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels while allowing them to rotate at different speeds.

• It helps in smooth turning and prevents tire wear.

• Examples of differential gear types used in buses include open differ...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a single function or method to operate on different data types. OOP concepts include inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation involves bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Abstraction involves hiding the complex implement...read more

Yes, AC current has polarity.

• AC current periodically changes direction, so it has polarity.

• The polarity of AC current is determined by the direction of current flow at any given moment.

• The polarity of AC current is usually represented using positive and negative signs or symbols.

• Polarity reversal occurs in AC current at regular intervals, typically 50 or 60 times per second.

• The concept of polarity is important in AC circuits for understanding voltage and current relationships...read more

Netflix app can be downloaded now from app stores.

• Netflix app is available on both iOS and Android app stores.

• Users can search for 'Netflix' in the app store and download it.

• The app requires a subscription to access content.

• Users can create an account within the app or use an existing account.

• The app allows users to stream movies and TV shows on their devices.

Design of storage tank involves calculating its capacity, dimensions, material, and safety features.

• Determine the required capacity of the tank based on the intended use

• Calculate the dimensions of the tank based on the capacity and available space

• Select appropriate materials for construction based on the stored material and environmental factors

• Incorporate safety features such as pressure relief valves and emergency vents

• Consider regulations and standards for tank design and ...read more

Normal functions are defined using the function keyword, while arrow functions are defined using the => syntax.

• Normal functions are hoisted, while arrow functions are not.

• Arrow functions do not have their own 'this' keyword, they inherit it from the parent scope.

• Arrow functions are more concise and have implicit return.

• Arrow functions cannot be used as constructors.

• Example: const normalFunction = function() {}; const arrowFunction = () => {};

Sandmeyer reaction is a substitution reaction that converts an aryl diazonium salt into various functional groups.

• Sandmeyer reaction is named after the Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer.

• It involves the conversion of an aryl diazonium salt into a new functional group.

• Common functional groups formed in Sandmeyer reactions include halides, cyanides, and hydroxyl groups.

• The reaction proceeds through the formation of a diazonium intermediate, which then undergoes substitution with ...read more

Sterilization can be achieved through physical, chemical, or biological means.

• Physical sterilization methods include heat, radiation, and filtration.

• Chemical sterilization methods include using gases like ethylene oxide or hydrogen peroxide.

• Biological sterilization methods use living organisms like bacteria or enzymes to break down contaminants.

• Common examples of sterilization include autoclaving, dry heat sterilization, and UV radiation.

• Sterilization is crucial in medical se...read more

Water system refers to the infrastructure and processes involved in the collection, treatment, distribution, and management of water resources.

• Water system includes various components such as reservoirs, treatment plants, pipes, and pumps.

• It involves the collection of water from natural sources like rivers, lakes, or groundwater.

• Water is treated to remove impurities and ensure it is safe for consumption.

• Distribution networks transport water to homes, businesses, and industrie...read more

Water boils at lower temperatures at high altitudes due to decreased atmospheric pressure.

• Boiling point decreases by about 1 degree Celsius for every 300 meters increase in altitude.

• This is because the atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases, leading to lower boiling points.

• For example, water boils at around 90 degrees Celsius at 3,000 meters above sea level.

Incoming voltage is multiple of 11kv due to the design of the power grid.

• The power grid is designed to operate at a specific voltage level

• The voltage level is determined by the transformers used in the grid

• Transformers are designed to step up or step down voltage levels

• In the case of 11kv, it is a common voltage level used in power transmission and distribution

Tablet is a solid dosage form of medication, GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practice, QA is Quality Assurance.

• Tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form that contains an active ingredient and excipients.

• GMP refers to the regulations and guidelines for ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.

• QA involves the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a product to ensure that standards are met.

• QA tests for tablets may include visual inspecti...read more

Mass heat transfer is the movement of heat from one substance to another due to a difference in temperature.

• Heat transfer occurs through conduction, convection, and radiation.

• Mass transfer involves the movement of substances from one location to another.

• Examples include the transfer of heat from a hot stove to a pot of water and the diffusion of perfume in a room.

• Understanding mass heat transfer is important in fields such as engineering and physics.

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications using containerization technology.

• Docker is used to create, deploy, and run applications in containers.

• Some common Docker commands include 'docker run' to run a container, 'docker build' to build an image, and 'docker push' to push an image to a registry.

• Docker containers are lightweight, portable, and isolated environments that package an application and its dependencies.

• Docker images are read-only templ...read more