Your Retail Coach Senior Consultant Interview Questions and Answers

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: I took a complete background check with regard to the motivation behind diversifying into IT sector. Also, what kind of IT businesses it wanted to diversify. The interviewer suggested that they want to achieve revenue of USD 5Bn from current USD 4Bn. Also, they want a margin of 12-15% from this new business. Also, the major consumer of IT services are Europe and US.So, I divided the problem into two parts –1. Whether IT business would serve them the purpose for achieving desired revenue. 2. If yes, then what would be the strategy for entering into IT services?I started off with the projected revenue estimates for all types of IT services. However, the interviewer changed the problem statement (due to paucity of time I suppose). He asked what would be the basis for selecting companies from an acquisition standpoint from an initial pool of companies across the globe. I came up with two matrix table wherein I stated what the Indian conglomerate wants from the acquisition (ie Need) and what it can offer to the target company (ie want of target) and tried to match it.The interviewer informed that the Indian conglomerate was cash rich company, stands on its values and has strong client relationship with manufacturing sectors / vendors. So I started linking all of them –
•funding –requirement for cash strapped companies
•Reputation –It can offer brand value to companies not well known
•Client relation to leverage –Companies not present in manufacturing IT services.Also, during discussion, I linked the problem practically to how Mahindra went on to acquire Satyam and what factors it looked before bidding. I think the interviewer was impressed with the linking to case to practical situation.

Round: Problem Statement
Experience: Me: Define market share?
Interviewer: Market share is defined by quantity and sales value.
Me: There could be 3 possible scenarios: Market stagnant, we are losing out to competitors; Market growing but we are not growing as fast as market; market shrinking but we are losing more than our competitors.
Interviewer: Second scenario
Me: Major customers
Interviewer: Real estate companies.
After a brief background question, I started off with the problem analysis.
I broke the problem into Demand and Supply side. Under demand side, I mapped the consumer behaviour analysis of buyer and brought out several points. However, the interviewer was interested in delving into supply side. Anyway, he told me to analyse demand side.Based on our discussion, we realized that pricing and timely delivery was an issue. Pricing is based on cost plus pricing. Cost includes transportation cost which was significantly higher than industry standards. High transportation cost stems from the fact that the factory was located far away from the market. Also, acquisition of lime stone has been a challenge for the company. I think the interviewer was impressed from the fact that the problem was solved from the demand side. Also, I quickly suggested 2 solutions to the problem:
•Short term –Reduce prices and take a hit on profit to regain market share
•Medium term –Follow hub and spoke model to reduce delay in delivery time
•Long term –Acquire a source (may be mine or long term supplier) for lime stone.

Round: Problem Statement
Experience: I took background questions regarding in which circle it operates and its vision in India. I suggested that I would do a Net Present Value analysis and would bench mark against return expected by Norway Head Office. We went into revenue stream like voice and data. Cost included operating, spectrum, license fee etc. He seemed to be satisfied with the response. Also, he asked me why AT&T is not bidding for the spectrum. I explained that Uninor has invested time, effort in understanding Indian market which AT&T has not. I drew learning curve of both Uninor and AT&T. He seemed impressed.
Tips: 1.Be calm and composed. Even if one interview does not go well, one would have another chance to perform.
2.Take good background questions to understand the problem. Dissect the problem and then approach.
3.Structured thinking is very important. Also, explain briefly the broad bucket in the structure.
4.All suggestions should have some basis based on the inputs taken during the interview.
5.Thorough CV and HR preparation are hygiene factors.
6.Always smile!

Skills: Case Analysis, Problem Solving Skills, Problem Solving Abilties
College Name: IIM Lucknow

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: The interview began with a quintessential -“Why don't you tell me something about
yourself?”, The case in round one was about potato chip manufacturing company. Didn't . really end up cracking the case/
Tips: You really need to be calm and only then will the analytical skills and creativity really show. But do not worry - the interviewer shall go out of his/her way to make you feel so.
Just be you and try to establish connecting with the interviewer. A smiling face comes in handy too.
Also, there is a lot of buildup on campus to the start of day zero- just remain calm during that time. It‟s easy to feel over pressurized, especially with all the short-lists coming in, but just relax. It‟s going to be fine.

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Case:The client is a large cement company with the highest market share. The second close player is cutting prices. To match the prices the client has also reduced its prices and is facing declining profits. The client has given us 3 weeks to solve the problem.
Structure:
I asked him about the dynamics of the industry. He explained that there is not much difference between the products as well as the cost structures of the company. This meant that even the competitor is losing money by the price war.
I suggested 2 alternatives to solve this: first involved analyzing the cost structure and trying to reduce costs. But the interviewer told me that the client has used all the cost efficiencies possible (this indicates that the interviewer does not want me to go deeper).
Second option that I suggested involved was the Game Theory approach. This involves indicating to the competitor that we will not reduce our prices even if he does so. This I suggested could be done by issuing some way of communication to the competitor. But he said that the competitor is not willing to talk. I could not think of what could be done so he suggested that the client should increase the prices. This will show to the competitor that the client is serious.
Then the interviewer said that after one week, the sales of the client had declined drastically and the competitor had not reduced its prices. This created a problem of inventory.
To solve this data was collected geographically and analyzed. It was found that some dealers had reduced the stocks of the clients cement. The clients did this as they expected the price increase to be temporary and thus wanted to postpone the purchase. I suggested increasing the prices again. This will signal to the dealers that the price increase is not temporary.
Finally he asked me to give some suggestions about the same. I suggested that the dealers should be given discounts based on the average volumes they generate every week and month. This will help in inventory planning. Secondly whenever the price is increased they should be increased all at once and any decrease should be spread over a larger period. This will not allow competitors and dealers to pre-empt the client.
Tips: Even though the ideas might sound outlandish, get them across, they will give you the benefit of thinking out of the box. Try to involve the interviewer in the case as much as possible, if he is interested he will point you out more and more in the right direction.

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Started directly with the case. At the end of the case asked me about LBO (Leveraged buyout) and asked me to give an example in the Indian markets .
Case:I was travelling in a taxi when the driver asked me about switching his car and joining the radio cab service such as Meru. What is your advice?
Structure:
I said that we will compare the profits of the two methods and make our decisions based on that. I asked about the revenue and costs of the two and calculated the profit.
I proved that joining the radio cab was better. But the interviewer told me that was the wrong answer. He asked me to go back.
I took the current taxi and approached the different line items one by one. I suggested that if the driver installed an AC he will be able to charge more. But the interviewer asked me to suggest something else.
If the engine of the cab (which was currently diesel) could be replaced by CNG (the radio cab used CNG) the fuel cost reduced drastically making the current cab more profitable. I showed him the calculations.
Tips: Try to be receptive to the hints given by the interviewer in the process. They are extremely important to get to the solution quickly.

General Tips: Do not lose your calm even if you answer wrong.
Skills:
College Name: IIM Lucknow

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Very basic scoping questions.1)Re-iterated the question. Confirmed the objective. 2)Asked him if this was attached to a mall. –He said forsimplicity purposes, let us assume it to be a standalone multiplex.
I told him that any multiplex would have mainly four sources of Revenues:1)Ticket Sales 2) Food and Beverages 3) Advertising 4) Parking Fees He askedme to ignore Parking fees and suggest ways to improve revenue for each of the other three categories.I started with Ticket Sales. Ticket Sales = Number of Tickets Sold/Show * Price * Number of shows. 1)Optimize show timings in such a way that more showscan be accommodated. This needs to be considered as a tradeoff to advertising and trailer timings.2)Pricing: Have a dynamic pricing strategy just like in airplanes. You charge each customer different based on the timing of purchase and supply demand equation.

Skill Tips: A very long PI session. Can’t say it was a PI, much like a conversation. The interviewer asked me about my work at Arvind Infrastructure. We discussed about my work for around 5-7 mins. This made me feel very comfortable and I was very much set for my case interview. He was extremely friendly and very good to talk to
Skills: Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Follow the basic Profit –Loss Framework. He asked me to just consider Revenues.Revenues of Retail Company Factors: 1) Number of Footfalls 2) Conversion Rate 3) Products Bought 4) Quantity 5) Price of each product 6) Repeat customers.He asked me to discuss strategies to improve all of the above factors.I don’t remember what I spoke for all factors, but wherever I was unable to think, he was giving me clues. Being from retail background, I was able to relate my experiences with many of the solutions suggested.We talked about availability of products: Asked him to keep safety stock. Forecasting needs to be much better, appropriate information needs to be passed to distributors.Talked aboutplanogram: this is how you display your products, shelf space etc.I discussed with him about the loyalty programs and COD model.The interview was long, but again much like a conversation. Was very much relaxes during the interview and the interviewer was also smiling which made me feel very comfortable
Tips: Knowing your background really helps. One can suggest innovative solutions to the interviewer. BCG was the only consulting shortlist I had and by this time, I was very much determined to get to a closure.

Skill Tips: Tell me about yourself. –When I reached my retail experience part, he said “I am very interested in consumer behavior. Letus do a case on a retail chain.”We also discussed a lot about my retail experience:1)He asked me what were the challenges I faced –I told him inventory management was the biggest problem. Did you use some tools to solve inventory issues?I said yes. Spoke about it for about 2-3 mins.2)Why retail?
Skills: Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Started with the basic Revenues –Costs = profit framework. He asked me to concentrate on revenues. I identified the sources of revenues 1) Consulting 2) Surgeries 3) Lab 4) Pharmacy. He nodded and asked me to move on. I asked him if there was a revenue dip in any of these services to which he replied these are all related and hence the dip is across all services. I asked him about the competition. I asked him whether the competition is offering similar services and how does it charge for its services as compared to the hospital in question. He said “Competition doesn’t specializes in heart surgeries like our hospital. However, it performs all services and their pricing structure is different.I asked him if they were pricing services lower than us to which he replied “no”. He wanted me to think on what could be different in terms of prices. I told him that the structure of pricing is different and hence the hospital may have one fixed fee whereas the competition may have a base fee plus additional charges. The price may come out to be the same but people may perceive it to be cheaper. He appreciated my answer and asked me if I would change the structure of the Hospital in question.I replied that I wouldn’t change the structure. The hospital has a very strong brand and has been following this pricing structure since ages. If it seemingly makes it lower, there is a possibility that patients may come to know about this and its brand may get tarnished. I wasn’t too happy with how I defended but I defended nonetheless.He asked me if I had any questions and I really didn’t have any questions for him. Too tired and nervous to think of anything. However, it is very important to prepare questions for interviewers.
Tips: 1)PI is extremely important. It helps you to develop connect with the interviewer. Also it adds to your confidence. Be genuine about your PI.2)Always keep smiling and be very confident. More than the solution, the interviewer should get good vibes during the interview. Even if you falter, admit that you do not know and you would like to understand from the interview how it needs to be done.3)Be humble.4)Do not ask your colleagues about how their interview experience went. It will just add to your worries and you may end up losing confidence.5)The interview should be more like a conversation.6)Sleep well the night before, do not wait for the schedule. Get up early and check the schedule. Do one case which you are most confident about the day of the interview.7)Again keep smiling.

Skills: Personality, Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)

Round: HR Interview
Experience: The interview started with a detailed discussion on various fascets of points on my CV. Neeraj wanted to know about my thought process as I went through the various phases of my life and how I took decisions that I actually took. For example, he was very interested in knowing as to why I chose IIT Bombay for my B.Tech when I could have gone to join IIT-Delhi which was nearer home. The idea was to develop a rapport with the interviewer by being clear, insightful and interesting in your answers. Be very nicely prepared with your CV and think through the various decisions you have taken in life, keep smiling throughout the interview, present a firm hand shake, think before you speak and engage the interviewer in a discussion.

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: I started off by trying to understand the situation as clearly as possible. The one dictum I stuck to in this and other case interviews was to really get to the crux of the matter and scope down the problem relentlessly to what the top of the line issues were for the client. So trying to be MECE, I told Neeraj that I would look at the following three alternatives: - Not do any thing about the excess capacity and wait for the good times to come back- - Downgrade the capacity by eliminating excess - Find better uses of capacity or sell more to existing customers A free flowing discussion followed on each of the points above and Neeraj very quickly refuted the first two suggestions. We then dived headlong into the third suggestion and it quickly appeared clear that fiber optic cables were commoditized products to a large extent. I asked Neeraj about the specific ways in which we were better than the competition and got to know that our client had better product quality at the same price. I drew a perceptual map of our Vs. the competitors’ positions on these maps and argued that we may want to play upon our better product quality to induce the customers to buy more from us. When prodded further by Neeraj, I used the tried and tested Raju formula: Market Share = (Share of Voice)X(%of acceptability)X(%of availability) Since availability was not an issue and since advertising was not a main concern, he asked me to dive into ways of improving our Client’s share of acceptability. I proposed pricing as a way of doing so. I postulated that we needed to study our client’s fixed costs and those of our competitors’. Based on the fact that our fixed costs were lower than those of our competitors, I argued that we could play the pricing game by bringing our prices down and cornering a bigger share of the market. I further argued that if our competitors tried to imitate us in this price war, they may end up chasing us to the bottom of the barrel and get killed in the process. This would only be good for the industry which badly needs consolidation given the excess capacity. I think Neeraj was visibly impressed by this time by the depth of analysis I had presented and the diverse ideas from marketing, managerial accounting etc that I was able to bring to the table.
Tips: Be yourself.
Be confident.

Skills: Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Split revenue as price per engagement and number of engagementsSaid that we could increase price because of customized solutions but not enough for 20% and hence need to increase quantity of engagementsProposed customer retention through better service like engagement at lower corporate levels etc and more customer acquistion through industry expansion (verticals) ; Was asked to suggest a recruitment strategy for industry expansion and said that need laterals for PL position with industry knowledge and we could hire consultants and associates from b-schoolswith generic experience
Tips: What was good: Speed to cover issues, involving the interviewer in case, PIWhat could be better: More energy could be better because you need to energize the interviewer as well as it is a long day for them too

Skill Tips: RevenueTarget Get it to grow by about 20% y-o-yIs it limited to Indian customersYesWhat is the competitive scenarioAssume what you know about consulting currently
Skills: Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)

Round: Case Study Interview
Experience: Q. What does our client do? Company was a manufacturing firm looking to build the plant and sell electricityQ. Does the client have a solar plant? No, the client has no current experience in Solar PowerQ. How much time will it take to build the plant?3-4 yearsQ. What is the life of my plant?30 years, govt will buy electricity for 30 yearsQ. How does government decide whom to allot?Project has to look technical feasible and financial terms Q. What kind of bidding takes place?First price Auction, lowest price wins
I started by indicating that the bid price would be dependent on the benefits and costs of the project as well as the competitive bid.The interviewer asked me to move ahead and discuss the benefits and costs. I first picked up the costing side of it and divided into fixed and variable. I was told that the capex was 17 crorers per MW. As soon as I had some numbers thrown on me I got a bit tensed, and thought that I would need to do some hard calculations. However, these numbers were thrown just to test if I could move ahead or be caught with numbers. As per the variable costs, I broke and listed all the expense such as direct material, direct labor, overheads, SG&A and depreciation etc. I then said that these costs would depend on the capacity of the plant. He asked me to elaborate on this topic and I said there would be effects of economies of scale and also the learning effect. He immediately asked me how learning curve would affect the costs. I told him thatthe learning curve would reduce the variable cost over time. I could see that he was happy with the answer and told me to proceed to the benefit side. On the benefits side, I said the amount I earn would be my cost X plus some margin y% over the cost. I also mentioned that competitive bids will impact how much I could expect on the bid price and mentioned that In such cases we usually look at old auctions or try to estimate the auction bid of other companies.
Tips: he case wasn’t hard but because the interviewer was working on his laptop during the interview and often not looking at me, I felt he wasn’t impressed. It was only after 15 mins into the interview, that I could get the interviewers complete attention. This usually happens in a stress interview, and one should not get stressed. Just keep calm and follow the most exhaustive approach. Also, in this case I was occasionally bombarded by numbers and got distracted as to how I should deal with them. One should remember that sometimes numbers are just to confuse and distract the interviewee

Skill Tips: Yash asked me why I did Bachelors of Finance and not Engineering. He also asked me about my choice of taking up commerce. I realized that was only to build stress and see how I perform later in the interview later. He also asked my GMAT score, Having a score of below of 700 I felt a little uncomfortable as I thought the interviewer would already make an impression about my performance. I guess it didn’t matter afterwards as I went to the final round.
Skills: Case Analysis
College Name: Indian School Of Business (ISB)