30+ Interview Questions and Answers

Structural Engineer interview questions on moment transfer, I section web work, beam-column-slab foundation design, dynamic analysis, bending theory, neutral axis, balanced section, etc.

• Moment transfer from beam to column

• Web work in I section

• Designing of beam-column-slab foundation

• Dynamic analysis

• Difference between fundamental time period and natural time period of building

• Base shear

• Moment connection

• PMM ratio curve

• Theory and assumptions of bending

• Neutral axis

• Balanced section

The question discusses the process and specifications for laying rigid pavement using DLC and M15 grade concrete.

• Rigid pavement process similar to flexible pavement

• DLC specifications - 150mm thickness, aggregate size 26.5mm, maximum water content 2%, soundness test, angle of abrasion, equivalent weight of sand, alkali content

• Minimum cement content - 150 kg per cum for flyash less than 20%, 110 kg per cum for flyash more than 20%

• Use M15 grade concrete

• Cube test results - 5 samp...read more

Horizontal and vertical alignment is designed based on factors like terrain, speed limit, and safety requirements.

• Terrain analysis is done to determine the best alignment

• Speed limit and design speed are considered for horizontal alignment

• Sight distance and stopping distance are considered for vertical alignment

• Safety requirements like minimum radius of curvature and superelevation are also taken into account

• Computer-aided design software is used for accurate alignment design

Dynamic blocks in AutoCAD allow for easy modification of block geometry and attributes.

• Create a block with dynamic properties using the Block Editor.

• Add parameters and actions to the block to make it dynamic.

• Save the block and insert it into your drawing.

• Modify the block's dynamic properties using the Properties palette.

• Examples of dynamic block properties include stretch, rotate, and visibility.

• Dynamic blocks can save time and increase efficiency in drafting and design.

A cross section of a highway shows the vertical profile of the road, including the pavement, subgrade, and any other layers.

• Include the pavement layer, which is typically made of asphalt or concrete

• Show the subgrade layer, which is the natural ground or prepared foundation

• Indicate any additional layers such as base course or subbase

• Include any drainage features like ditches or culverts

• Label the dimensions and elevations of each layer

• Use appropriate symbols and annotations to ...read more

Different phases in Revit and filters used in it along with knowledge of templates.

• Revit has four phases - Existing, New Construction, Demolition and Temporary

• Filters in Revit are used to sort and organize elements in a view

• Some filters in Revit are - Visibility, Graphic Overrides, Selection, etc.

• Templates in Revit are used to create consistent and standardized projects

• Templates can be customized to include specific families, views, and settings

Drains are typically provided on the sides of the highway to collect and divert rainwater and prevent flooding.

• Drains are usually located on the sides of the highway to collect rainwater

• They are designed to divert water away from the road and prevent flooding

• Drains can be in the form of ditches, culverts, or catch basins

• The location and design of drains depend on factors such as the slope of the road and the amount of rainfall in the area

The question is about a machine that automatically lays down dowel bars mid-depth of a 300mm PQC layer with proper compaction and no loss of cement concrete.

• The machine is an automatic electronic paver sensor

• It lays down dowel bars mid-depth of a 300mm PQC layer

• Proper maintenance of compaction is required

• No loss of cement concrete should occur

Shared parameters are parameters that can be used across multiple elements or families in a CAD software.

• Shared parameters allow for consistent data management and reporting in CAD projects.

• They can be created and managed in the software's parameter settings.

• Shared parameters can be assigned to various elements or families, enabling them to share the same parameter values.

• For example, a shared parameter for 'material' can be used in different furniture families to specify the...read more

I will prioritize tasks based on deadlines, importance, and dependencies to ensure efficient completion.

• Prioritize tasks based on deadlines - focus on urgent tasks first

• Consider importance of tasks - tackle high-priority tasks before lower-priority ones

• Take into account task dependencies - complete tasks that are prerequisites for others first

• Use task management tools like to-do lists or project management software to stay organized

To create new pipe diameter and image, use schedule assembly code and type image respectively.

• To create new pipe diameter, go to the project settings and add a new pipe type with the desired diameter.

• To create a new image, use a software like AutoCAD or Revit and import the image file. Then, save it as a type image.

• Schedule assembly code can be created by defining the assembly code in the project settings and assigning it to the relevant components.

Sub Modify Elements is a command in CAD software used to modify specific parts of a larger object.

• It allows users to modify specific parts of a larger object without affecting the entire object.

• Users can select the sub-elements they want to modify and apply changes to them individually.

• This command is useful for making precise adjustments to complex designs.

• For example, if a user wants to modify a specific feature of a building design, they can use Sub Modify Elements to isol...read more

Superelevation is the banking of a road or highway to counteract the centrifugal force on vehicles during turns.

• Superelevation is the slope or banking provided on the outer edge of a road or highway.

• It helps vehicles to safely negotiate turns at higher speeds by counteracting the centrifugal force.

• The maximum limit of superelevation depends on factors like design speed, curve radius, and type of road.

• For highways, the maximum superelevation limit is typically around 6%.

• Supere...read more

Critical Path Method is a project management technique used to identify the longest sequence of activities in a project.

• Critical Path Method helps in determining the project's duration and identifying the activities that are critical to its completion.

• It involves creating a network diagram to visualize the project's activities and their dependencies.

• By calculating the earliest and latest start and finish times for each activity, the critical path can be determined.

• Activities ...read more

Different types of crossing include level crossings, pedestrian crossings, and wildlife crossings.

• Level crossings: where a railway line crosses a road at the same level, requiring barriers and warning signals for safety.

• Pedestrian crossings: designated areas for pedestrians to safely cross roads, such as zebra crossings, pelican crossings, and pedestrian bridges.

• Wildlife crossings: structures built over or under roads to allow wildlife to safely cross without the risk of bein...read more

I am proficient in AutoCAD, SolidWorks, and Revit.

• AutoCAD: Used for 2D drafting and 3D modeling.

• SolidWorks: Used for mechanical design and simulation.

• Revit: Used for architectural design and building information modeling.

Stresses in a thin cylinder are caused by internal pressure and can lead to hoop stress and longitudinal stress.

• Stresses in a thin cylinder are primarily caused by internal pressure exerted on the walls of the cylinder.

• Hoop stress is the stress in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, while longitudinal stress is along the length of the cylinder.

• The formula for hoop stress in a thin-walled cylinder is given by: σ = PD/2t, where σ is the hoop stress, P is the internal...read more

Stress strain curves show the relationship between stress and strain in a material. Hoop stress is the stress experienced circumferentially in a cylindrical pressure vessel.

• Stress strain curves depict how a material deforms under stress, showing the relationship between stress (force applied per unit area) and strain (resulting deformation)

• The curve typically consists of three main regions: elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture

• Hoop stress is the stress experi...read more

Moment and shear connections are critical in steel structures for transferring loads between members.

• Moment connections transfer bending forces between beams and columns

• Shear connections transfer shear forces between beams and columns

• Common types of moment connections include bolted end plate connections and welded connections

• Common types of shear connections include bolted shear tabs and welded shear plates

Private sector is profit-driven, more competitive, and offers higher salaries. Government sector is more stable, has better benefits, and serves public interest.

• Private sector is profit-driven and focused on maximizing profits for shareholders.

• Government sector is more stable and provides job security with better benefits.

• Private sector is more competitive and innovative due to market forces.

• Government sector serves public interest and provides essential services like healthc...read more

A line is a single straight path between two points, while a polyline is a series of connected line segments.

• A line is a single entity with two endpoints, while a polyline is made up of multiple line segments connected end-to-end.

• Lines are simple and can only be straight, while polylines can have multiple segments and can be straight or curved.

• Polylines are often used to represent complex shapes or paths, while lines are used for simple straight connections.

• In CAD software, l...read more

Smart motorways help improve traffic flow, increase capacity, and enhance safety on highways.

• Smart motorways use technology to monitor traffic flow and adjust speed limits to optimize traffic flow.

• They can convert the hard shoulder into a running lane during peak traffic times to increase capacity.

• Emergency refuge areas are strategically placed for drivers to use in case of breakdowns or emergencies, enhancing safety.

• Variable message signs provide real-time information to dri...read more

Relations in scheduling involve understanding dependencies and constraints between tasks.

• Relations in scheduling refer to the connections and dependencies between different tasks in a project.

• These relations determine the order in which tasks should be executed and the impact of one task on another.

• For example, if Task A is dependent on Task B, Task B must be completed before Task A can start.

• Relations can be represented using techniques like Gantt charts or network diagrams....read more

Block is a single entity in AutoCAD, while wblock allows you to save multiple blocks as a separate file.

• Block is a single entity that can be inserted into drawings.

• Wblock allows you to save multiple blocks as a separate file for reuse.

• Wblock is useful for organizing and managing blocks in AutoCAD projects.

WSP is a global professional services firm specializing in engineering, design, and environmental consultancy.

• WSP provides services in areas such as transportation, buildings, water, energy, and environmental consulting.

• The company has worked on projects like the One World Trade Center in New York City and the Shard in London.

• WSP has offices in over 40 countries and employs over 50,000 people worldwide.

Analysis of frames involves determining the internal forces and stresses in the members of a structural frame.

• Frames are analyzed using structural analysis methods such as the method of joints or method of sections.

• Internal forces such as axial, shear, and bending moments are calculated for each member.

• Stresses are then determined using the material properties and cross-sectional area of each member.

• Frame analysis is important in designing safe and efficient structures.

• Exampl...read more

P6 is a project management software developed by Oracle that is commonly used for scheduling, managing resources, and tracking progress.

• P6 stands for Primavera P6 Enterprise Project Portfolio Management.

• It is widely used in industries such as construction, engineering, and manufacturing.

• P6 allows users to create project plans, assign resources, track progress, and analyze data to make informed decisions.

• It includes features such as Gantt charts, resource leveling, and critica...read more

To set scale in AutoCAD, use the 'SCALE' command and specify the reference length and new length.

• Open AutoCAD and select the objects you want to scale.

• Type 'SCALE' in the command line and press Enter.

• Select the base point for scaling and then specify the reference length.

• Enter the new length that you want to scale the objects to.

• Press Enter to apply the scale.

• For example, to scale an object to double its size, specify the reference length as the current length and the new len...read more

Pile foundation is a type of deep foundation that is used to transfer loads from a structure to a stronger layer of soil or rock deep below the surface.

• Pile foundations are used when shallow foundations are not feasible due to weak soil conditions or high structural loads.

• Piles are long, slender columns made of materials such as concrete, steel, or timber that are driven into the ground.

• There are different types of pile foundations, including end-bearing piles, friction piles...read more

Yes, I have expertise in PowerBI.

• Proficient in creating interactive reports and dashboards using PowerBI

• Experience in data visualization and analysis

• Skilled in connecting to various data sources and transforming data for reporting

• Familiar with DAX formulas for advanced calculations

• Certified in PowerBI is a plus

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process to identify, predict, evaluate, and mitigate the environmental effects of a proposed project.

• EIA is a systematic process that helps in decision-making by evaluating the potential impacts of a project on the environment.

• It involves identifying potential environmental impacts, assessing their significance, and proposing measures to mitigate or eliminate them.

• EIA considers various factors such as air quality, water resources, bi...read more

Program to calculate factorial

• Use a loop to multiply the numbers from 1 to n

• Handle edge cases like 0 and negative numbers

• Use recursion for a more elegant solution

Water treatment involves a series of processes to remove impurities and make water safe for consumption.

• Water treatment typically involves processes such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.

• Coagulation involves adding chemicals to water to make particles clump together for easier removal.

• Sedimentation allows the larger particles to settle at the bottom of a tank.

• Filtration involves passing water through various filters to remove smaller particles.

• Disin...read more

Formatting document in Word

• Use styles to maintain consistency and easily update formatting

• Utilize headings, subheadings, and bullet points for organization

• Apply formatting options such as font styles, sizes, and colors

• Insert tables, images, and hyperlinks to enhance the document

• Use page layout options like margins, orientation, and page breaks

The type of foundation for structural steel detailing can vary depending on the specific project requirements and site conditions.

• Common types of foundations for structural steel include spread footings, mat foundations, and pile foundations.

• The choice of foundation type is influenced by factors such as soil conditions, building loads, and local building codes.

• For example, in areas with poor soil conditions, deep foundations like piles may be necessary to support the structur...read more