WatchGuard Technologies Full Stack Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

The test was in the evening which was not too late. It was conducted on Hackerrank which is a very common platform and was hence familiar. There were 26 questions:
Q1: Coding Question
3 languages were allowed: c, java8, python3
Q2 - Q26: Multiple Choice Questions

Q1. 
Intersection of Linked List Problem
You are provided with two singly linked lists containing integers, where both lists converge at some node belonging to a third linked list.
Your task is to determine t...read more
Ans. 
Find the node where two linked lists merge, return -1 if no merging occurs.
• Traverse both lists to find the lengths and the last nodes

• Align the starting points of both lists by moving the longer list's pointer ahead by the difference in lengths

• Traverse both lists simultaneously until a common node is found, which is the merging point
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The task was a Codility type

Q1. Data structures, Algorithm
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Q1. There are lot of questions regarding networking
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Basic question asked

Q1. Computer networking based question
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Q2. Dsa question based on graph and dp
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Q3. Based on operating system
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Q4. Function of oops
Ans. 
Object-oriented programming paradigm that focuses on objects and classes for code organization and reusability.
• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (object)

• Inheritance: ability of a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Polymorphism: ability to present the same interface for different data types
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Q1. Behavior question asked
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It was 90 mins test with 2 coding questions and aptitude questions most of them on networking

Q1. Longest subarray with sum 0
Ans. 
Find the longest subarray with sum 0 in an array of integers.
• Use a hash table to store the sum and its index.

• Iterate through the array and calculate the cumulative sum.

• If the cumulative sum is already in the hash table, then the subarray between the current index and the index in the hash table has a sum of 0.

• Keep track of the longest subarray with sum 0 seen so far.

• Return the length of the longest subarray with sum 0.
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Q2. Is a given binary is a binary search tree
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Round duration - 70 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was an Online Coding+MCQ round where we had a total of 50 MCQ questions and 1 coding problem. The coding problem was of easy to medium level but was a bit implementation heavy.

Q1. 
Intersection of Linked List Problem
You are provided with two singly linked lists containing integers, where both lists converge at some node belonging to a third linked list.
Your task is to determine t...read more
Ans. 
Find the node where two linked lists merge, return -1 if no merging occurs.
• Traverse both lists to find their lengths and the difference in lengths

• Move the pointer of the longer list by the difference in lengths

• Traverse both lists simultaneously until they meet at the merging point
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

The interviewer asked 1 coding problem related to Sliding Window in this round and then the rest of the questions were preety much revolving around Computer Networks and OOPS.

Q1. 
Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters Problem Statement
Given a string S of length L, determine the length of the longest substring that contains no repeating characters.
Example:
Input:
"abac...read more
Ans. 
Find the length of the longest substring without repeating characters in a given string.
• Use a sliding window approach to keep track of the longest substring without repeating characters.

• Use a hashmap to store the index of each character as it appears in the string.

• Update the start index of the window when a repeating character is found.

• Calculate the maximum length of the window as you iterate through the string.

• Return
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Q2. Can you explain what DNS is?
Ans. 
DNS stands for Domain Name System, which translates domain names to IP addresses.
• DNS is like a phone book for the internet, translating human-readable domain names (like google.com) to IP addresses (like 172.217.3.206).

• It helps users access websites by typing in easy-to-remember domain names instead of complex IP addresses.

• DNS servers store records of domain names and their corresponding IP addresses, allowing for effi...read more
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Q3. Explain why MAC addresses are necessary even though we have IP addresses.
Ans. 
MAC addresses are necessary for local network communication and are used to uniquely identify devices on a network.
• MAC addresses are used at the data link layer of the OSI model to identify devices within the same local network.

• IP addresses are used at the network layer to identify devices across different networks.

• MAC addresses are hardcoded into network interface cards (NICs) and are used for communication within the...read more
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Q4. How does C++ support polymorphism?
Ans. 
C++ supports polymorphism through virtual functions and inheritance.
• C++ supports polymorphism through virtual functions and inheritance

• Virtual functions allow a function to be overridden in a derived class

• Base class pointers can point to derived class objects, enabling polymorphic behavior

• Example: class Animal { virtual void makeSound() { cout << 'Animal sound'; } }; class Dog : public Animal { void makeSound() {...read more
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This round had questions revolving around Computer Networks and Operating Systems.

Tip : Concepts related to Computer Networks is quite frequently asked in Cisco interviews . So its better to remain equipped with all the fundamental concepts. I prepared all the core subjects from my notes and for revision I would suggest the guided paths of Coding Ninjas , they are very useful for quick revision and also the questions over there are very frequently asked in interviews.

Q1. What is the ARP protocol?
Ans. 
ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol, used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses in a local network.
• ARP is used to find the MAC address of a device based on its IP address

• It operates at the data link layer of the OSI model

• ARP requests are broadcasted to all devices on the local network

• Example: When a device wants to communicate with another device on the same network, it uses ARP to find the MAC address of the des
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Q2. What are the different types of semaphores?
Ans. 
Different types of semaphores include binary semaphores, counting semaphores, and mutex semaphores.
• Binary semaphores: Can only have two states - 0 or 1. Used for mutual exclusion.

• Counting semaphores: Can have multiple states. Used for synchronization among multiple processes.

• Mutex semaphores: Similar to binary semaphores but with additional features like priority inheritance and deletion safety.
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Q3. What is thrashing in operating systems?
Ans. 
Thrashing in operating systems is a situation where the system is spending more time swapping data between memory and disk than actually executing tasks.
• Occurs when the system is overwhelmed with too many processes competing for limited resources

• Results in a decrease in overall system performance

• Can be alleviated by optimizing memory usage or adding more physical memory

• Example: A system with insufficient RAM running mu
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