Lovely Rani Constructions Interview Questions and Answers

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. A switch is a networking device that connects devices within a network.

• A router operates at the network layer of the OSI model and uses routing tables to determine the best path for data packets to reach their destination.

• A switch operates at the data link layer of the OSI model and uses MAC addresses to forward data packets to the correct device within a network.

• Routers are commonly used in...read more

Protocol stack in telecom refers to the set of communication protocols used to transmit data over a network.

• The protocol stack is divided into layers, each with its own set of protocols.

• The layers include physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application.

• Each layer communicates with the layer above and below it, and each layer adds its own header to the data being transmitted.

• Examples of protocols used in the protocol stack include TCP, IP, HTTP,...read more

ORAN stands for Open Radio Access Network. It is a concept that aims to disaggregate traditional mobile network elements and promote interoperability and innovation.

• ORAN is a concept in the telecommunications industry.

• It aims to separate hardware and software components of mobile networks.

• ORAN promotes interoperability and innovation by allowing different vendors' equipment to work together.

• It enables operators to mix and match components from different vendors.

• ORAN is based ...read more

Validation is the process of evaluating a system or component during or at the end of the development process to determine whether it satisfies specified requirements.

• Validation ensures that the product meets the customer's needs and requirements.

• It is a dynamic testing process that involves executing the software with test data and verifying the output.

• Validation is done after verification to ensure that the product is fit for its intended use.

• Examples of validation include ...read more

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

• Testing is done to identify defects or errors in the system.

• It involves executing a system or its component(s) with a set of test cases.

• The goal of testing is to ensure that the system meets the specified requirements and works as expected.

• Testing can be done manually or using automated tools.

• Types of testing include functional testi...read more