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Check if Array2 is a substring of Array1
Iterate through Array1 and check if each element contains Array2
Use built-in string functions like includes() or indexOf() to check for substring
Consider edge cases like empty arrays or arrays with empty strings
Breadcrumbs in React can be built using a combination of state management and conditional rendering.
Create a state variable to store the breadcrumb data.
Update the state variable as the user navigates through the application.
Render the breadcrumbs component with the data stored in the state.
I solve complex production environments by identifying issues, optimizing performance, and implementing solutions.
Identifying bottlenecks and optimizing performance
Troubleshooting and resolving production issues
Implementing scalable solutions for high traffic websites
Working with cloud services like AWS or Azure
Automating deployment processes with tools like Jenkins or Docker
I prepared the design doc by outlining the requirements, architecture, data flow, and user interactions.
Outlined the requirements and goals of the feature
Defined the architecture and technologies to be used
Described the data flow and interactions between components
Included wireframes or mockups for user interfaces
Listed potential edge cases and how to handle them
Design a parking system with APIs for managing parking spots and reservations.
Create API for adding new parking spots with details like location, availability, and pricing
Create API for listing available parking spots based on location and availability
Create API for reserving a parking spot with user details and duration
Create API for cancelling a parking reservation
Response object for adding parking spot: { succe...
Developed a real-time chat feature for a social networking platform.
Implemented WebSocket technology for instant messaging
Designed user interface for chat window with message history
Integrated push notifications for new messages
Developed backend logic for message encryption and decryption
I applied via Job Portal and was interviewed in Mar 2024. There was 1 interview round.
I solve complex production environments by identifying issues, optimizing performance, and implementing solutions.
Identifying bottlenecks and optimizing performance
Troubleshooting and resolving production issues
Implementing scalable solutions for high traffic websites
Working with cloud services like AWS or Azure
Automating deployment processes with tools like Jenkins or Docker
Developed a real-time chat feature for a social networking platform.
Implemented WebSocket technology for instant messaging
Designed user interface for chat window with message history
Integrated push notifications for new messages
Developed backend logic for message encryption and decryption
I prepared the design doc by outlining the requirements, architecture, data flow, and user interactions.
Outlined the requirements and goals of the feature
Defined the architecture and technologies to be used
Described the data flow and interactions between components
Included wireframes or mockups for user interfaces
Listed potential edge cases and how to handle them
Check if Array2 is a substring of Array1
Iterate through Array1 and check if each element contains Array2
Use built-in string functions like includes() or indexOf() to check for substring
Consider edge cases like empty arrays or arrays with empty strings
Breadcrumbs in React can be built using a combination of state management and conditional rendering.
Create a state variable to store the breadcrumb data.
Update the state variable as the user navigates through the application.
Render the breadcrumbs component with the data stored in the state.
Design a parking system with APIs for managing parking spots and reservations.
Create API for adding new parking spots with details like location, availability, and pricing
Create API for listing available parking spots based on location and availability
Create API for reserving a parking spot with user details and duration
Create API for cancelling a parking reservation
Response object for adding parking spot: { success: t...
Top trending discussions
I appeared for an interview before Sep 2020.
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
A thief is planning to rob a store and can carry a maximum weight of 'W' in his knapsack. The store contains 'N' items where the ith item has a weight of 'wi' and a value of...
Yes, the 0/1 Knapsack problem can be solved using dynamic programming with a space complexity of not more than O(W).
Use a 1D array to store the maximum value that can be stolen for each weight capacity from 0 to W.
Iterate through each item and update the array based on whether including the item would increase the total value.
The final value in the array at index W will be the maximum value that can be stolen.
Given an array or list of integers 'ARR', identify the second largest element in 'ARR'.
If a second largest element does not exist, return -1.
ARR = [2,...
Find the second largest element in an array of integers.
Iterate through the array to find the largest and second largest elements.
Handle cases where all elements are identical.
Return -1 if a second largest element does not exist.
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
System Design Round
Design a scalable system for Twitter with key components and architecture.
Use microservices architecture for scalability and fault isolation.
Key components include user service, tweet service, timeline service, and notification service.
Use a distributed database like Cassandra for storing tweets and user data.
Implement a message queue like Kafka for handling real-time updates and notifications.
Use a caching layer like ...
Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
It is just a formality
Tip 1 : System Design
Tip 2 : Practice questions from leetcode
Tip 3 : Have some projects.
Tip 1 : Mention what you know
Tip 2 : Good previous work to showcase
I applied via Instahyre and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
Easy to medium questions, Questions on DSA and Node.js.
The three sum problem involves finding unique triplets in an array that sum to zero.
Sort the array to simplify finding triplets.
Use a loop to fix one element and apply two-pointer technique for the rest.
Skip duplicates to ensure unique triplets.
Example: For array [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4], the triplets are [-1, -1, 2], [-1, 0, 1].
Deadlock is a situation in computing where two or more processes cannot proceed because each is waiting for the other to release resources.
Occurs in multi-threaded environments when processes hold resources and wait for others.
Example: Process A holds Resource 1 and waits for Resource 2, while Process B holds Resource 2 and waits for Resource 1.
Can lead to system inefficiency and unresponsiveness.
Deadlock detection and...
A Red-Black Tree is a balanced binary search tree with specific properties to ensure efficient operations.
Each node is colored either red or black.
The root node is always black.
Red nodes cannot have red children (no two reds in a row).
Every path from a node to its descendant leaves must have the same number of black nodes.
This structure ensures O(log n) time complexity for insertion, deletion, and search operations.
Exa...
Local minima in a 2-D array are elements smaller than their neighbors. We can find them using various algorithms.
A local minimum is defined as an element that is less than its adjacent elements.
For example, in the array [[9, 8, 7], [6, 5, 4], [3, 2, 1]], the element 1 is a local minimum.
To find local minima, iterate through each element and compare it with its neighbors (up, down, left, right).
Consider edge cases where...
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The round consisted of 2 coding Problems and it lasted for 60 minutes from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM on Hackerearth.
Use of other IDEs was prohibited and video was on.
You are provided with two strings A
and B
. Your task is to find the index of the first occurrence of A
within B
. If A
is not found in B
, return -1.
A = "bc", ...
Implement a function to find the index of the first occurrence of one string within another string.
Iterate through the second string and check if a substring of the same length as the first string matches the first string.
Return the index of the first occurrence of the first string within the second string, or -1 if not found.
Handle edge cases like empty strings or when the first string is longer than the second string...
Given a sorted array that has been rotated clockwise by an unknown amount, you need to answer Q
queries. Each query is represented by an integer Q[i]
, and you must ...
Search for integers in a rotated sorted array efficiently.
Implement binary search to find the target integer in the rotated array.
Handle the rotation by checking which side of the array is sorted before performing binary search.
Return the index of the target integer if found, else return -1.
Time complexity of O(logN) is required for each query.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
The round was conducted on Google Meet with 2 interviewers . They were friendly and helpful.
The timing was 12:00 to 1:00 PM.
Our Video was on .
You are given a string 'S' of length 'N' which may include duplicate alphabets. Your goal is to calculate the number of distinct subsequences in the string.
Calculate the number of distinct subsequences in a string with possible duplicates.
Use dynamic programming to keep track of the count of distinct subsequences for each character in the string.
Consider the cases where the current character is included or excluded in the subsequence.
Handle duplicates by considering the previous occurrence of the character.
Return the count of distinct subsequences modulo 10^9 + 7.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
This was a Behavioral Round. It lasted for 45-50 minutes. It consisted of a discussion on my projects. The interviewer was very impressed by the way I explained my projects. She even appreciated me for that. This was followed by normal HR questions .Timing of This round was 4:00 PM to 5:00 PM
Tip 1 : I prepared all topics from my Coding Ninjas Course - Competitive Programming
Tip 2 : I practiced 300+ questions on CodeZen ( Coding Ninjas Platform), LeetCode, InterviewBit
Tip 3 : I took part in contests on CodeForces.
Tip 4 : Apart from Data Structures and Algorithms , I also studied DBMS, OOPs and other course subjects
Tip 1 : Keep Resume up to date for the role you are applying.
Tip 2 : Mention atleast 1 project or past work experience.
Tip 3 : Try to keep a 1 pager resume.
Sorting of an array and aptitude
posted on 9 Nov 2024
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in May 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
Event loop is a mechanism in programming that allows for asynchronous execution of code by continuously checking for and handling events.
Event loop is commonly used in JavaScript to handle asynchronous operations like setTimeout, setInterval, and AJAX requests.
It works by continuously checking the event queue for any pending events, executing them one by one, and then moving on to the next event.
Event loop helps in pre...
The order of output is fs, process, setTimeout, setInterval, promise.
fs module is synchronous and will output first
process is next in line
setTimeout will be executed after process
setInterval will be executed after setTimeout
promise will be executed last
JavaScript is an interpreted language.
JavaScript is an interpreted language, meaning it is executed line by line at runtime.
There is no separate compilation step in JavaScript like in languages that use compilers.
Examples of interpreted languages include Python, Ruby, and PHP.
Output comparison of for loops using var, let, and bind in JavaScript.
Using var: variable is function-scoped, may lead to unexpected behavior in loops.
Using let: variable is block-scoped, recommended for loop iterations.
Using bind: creates a new function with a specified 'this' value and initial arguments.
Choosing a database involves evaluating data structure, scalability, consistency, and specific use cases.
Understand data structure: Use SQL for structured data (e.g., PostgreSQL) and NoSQL for unstructured data (e.g., MongoDB).
Consider scalability: Choose databases like Cassandra for horizontal scaling in large applications.
Evaluate consistency needs: Use strong consistency databases like MySQL for critical transaction...
I work on coding, debugging, testing, and collaborating with team members. Tech stack decisions are based on project requirements, scalability, performance, and team expertise.
Daily tasks include coding, debugging, testing, and collaborating with team members
Tech stack decisions are based on project requirements, scalability, performance, and team expertise
Consider factors like language compatibility, libraries/framewo...
Design a scalable, real-time document sharing app like Google Docs.
Use websockets for real-time collaboration
Implement version control to track changes
Utilize a distributed database for scalability
Include user authentication and access control
Support offline editing with automatic sync
Utilize cloud storage for scalability, implement image compression techniques, and regularly update image processing libraries.
Utilize cloud storage for scalability
Implement image compression techniques
Regularly update image processing libraries
Implement strategies like versioning, sharding, and caching to manage high I/O and reduce conflicts on the same document.
Use versioning to track changes and allow concurrent edits without conflicts. For example, implement optimistic locking.
Implement sharding to distribute the load across multiple servers, reducing the I/O on a single document.
Utilize caching mechanisms to store frequently accessed data in memory, mini...
I appeared for an interview in Oct 2020.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
The test was conducted in the evening from 5:00 pm to 6:30 pm. Because of the covid situation, all the students attempted the test from their homes. But it was a webcam-based test to avoid any kind of cheating.
There were 3 coding problems to be done in 90 minutes.
After resume based shortlisting, 70 candidates were selected to appear for the test out of which 30 were shortlisted for interviews.
Determine if the third string contains all the characters from both the first and second strings in any order. If so, return "YES"; otherwise, return "NO".
Line ...
Check if the third string contains all characters from the first and second strings in any order.
Create a frequency map for characters in the first and second strings.
Check if all characters in the third string are present in the frequency map.
Ensure the count of characters in the third string matches the count in the frequency map.
Return 'YES' if all conditions are met, otherwise return 'NO'.
You are given a connected undirected unweighted graph comprising 'N' nodes and 'M' edges. In this graph, each pair of connected nodes is linked by exactly one undirected e...
Find the length of the shortest path visiting all nodes in a connected undirected unweighted graph.
Use Breadth First Search (BFS) to find the shortest path that visits all nodes at least once.
Maintain a bitmask to keep track of visited nodes and their states.
Consider all possible permutations of nodes to find the shortest path length.
Stark Industry is planning to organize meetings for various departments in preparation for Stark Expo. Due to limited rooms in Stark Tower, the goal is to alloca...
Determine the minimum number of conference rooms required for scheduling meetings.
Sort the meetings by start time.
Iterate through the meetings and keep track of rooms needed based on overlapping times.
Use a priority queue to efficiently allocate rooms.
Example: For meetings (1pm-4pm), (3pm-5pm), (4pm-6pm), 2 rooms are required.
Ensure linear time complexity by optimizing the room allocation process.
Round duration - 50 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This round started at 9 am and went till 4 pm.
Out of 70 students that appeared in online coding test, 30 were shortlisted for the first round (this round) of interviews.
In this round, everyone was asked one moderate level coding question. The interviewer provided the link to an IDE, where I wrote my code.
The interview started with the introduction being followed by 1 coding problem. In the end, the interviewer asked me if I wanted to ask any questions. To which I asked him my feedback so that I can improve my wear areas.
Of the 30 candidates, 17 were selected for the final interview round.
Given an array arr
containing 'N' distinct integers, your task is to generate all possible non-empty subsets of this array.
Note: While the elements within each subset should ...
Generate all possible non-empty subsets of an array of distinct integers.
Use recursion to generate all subsets by including or excluding each element in the array.
Maintain a current subset and add it to the result when reaching the end of the array.
Ensure elements within each subset are in increasing order.
Handle the input and output format as specified in the question.
Round duration - 50 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
This was a technical + HR round. Started in the evening at 4:30 pm, this round went till 9:30 pm.
17 students were shortlisted for this final round of interview.
This interview was also virtual and involved both technical and HR-related questions. The interview started with an introduction and then questions based on my resume were asked.
Out of 17 candidates, 8 candidates got a full-time offer from Urban Company.
You are provided with a 2D matrix containing only the integers 0 or 1. The matrix has dimensions N x M, and each row is sorted in non-decreasing order. Your...
Find the row with the maximum number of 1's in a sorted 2D matrix.
Iterate through each row of the matrix and count the number of 1's in each row.
Keep track of the row index with the maximum number of 1's seen so far.
Return the index of the row with the maximum number of 1's.
If multiple rows have the same number of 1's, return the row with the smallest index.
Tip 1 : Coding Problems are asked from DSA, so a good practice of standard problems is a must. Revisit these problems before the interview to ace and crack the interview.
Tip 2 : To tackle the conceptual questions, you need to have thorough knowledge about the concepts, so to prepare for OS and DBMS, read one standard book.
Tip 3 : Have proper and clear knowledge about your project. Basic but tricky questions are asked based on the internship experience and the projects you have done.
Tip 1 : The best way to ace an interview is to take command of your interview in your hands. And this is done by having a balanced resume. Projects give direction to the interview and increase the probability of selection. So add at least 2 projects.
Tip 2 : Urban Company seeks team players and not just good coders. So add your achievements outside the academics to get shortlisted.
I appeared for an interview in Oct 2020.
Round duration - 75 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
The test had 3 questions which had to solved in 75 minutes.The test was of medium difficulty.
Stark Industry is planning to organize meetings for various departments in preparation for Stark Expo. Due to limited rooms in Stark Tower, the goal is to alloca...
Determine the minimum number of conference rooms needed to schedule meetings without overlap.
Sort the meetings by start time.
Iterate through the meetings and keep track of the rooms in use.
If a meeting starts after another ends, it can reuse the same room.
If a meeting starts before another ends, a new room is needed.
Return the maximum number of rooms in use at any point.
You are provided with an integer X
and are tasked with identifying an integer Y
such that the bitwise XOR operation between X
and Y
yields the maximum possible value. The condition is t...
Find an integer Y such that XOR operation with X yields maximum value within given constraints.
Iterate from the most significant bit to find the highest bit that can be toggled to maximize XOR value.
To maximize XOR value, toggle the highest bit of X to 0 and all lower bits to 1.
Ensure the final Y does not exceed (2^61) - 1.
Example: For X = 3, the highest bit to toggle is at position 61, so Y = 2305843009213693950.
Examp...
You are provided with a non-decreasing array and an integer K. Your task is to remove exactly K elements from this array so that the maximum differenc...
Remove K elements from a non-decreasing array to minimize the maximum difference between adjacent elements.
Sort the array in non-decreasing order.
Iterate through the array and calculate the difference between adjacent elements.
Remove elements to minimize the maximum difference.
Return the minimized maximum difference.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The interview was taken by SDE2 and she was very friendly. All the questions asked were related to DS and algo. The first 10 minutes were used for introductions and the last 5 minutes were reserved for any questions that I have. Always try to ask meaningful questions at the end of the interview.
Given a sorted array ARR
and a number X
, your task is to determine the count of occurrences of X
within ARR
.
X
is not found in the array, return...Count occurrences of a number in a sorted array efficiently.
Use binary search to find the first and last occurrence of the target number in the array.
Calculate the count of occurrences by subtracting the indices of the last and first occurrences.
Handle cases where the target number is not found in the array.
Time complexity: O(log(N)), Space complexity: O(1).
You are given a grid containing oranges where each cell of the grid can contain one of the three integer values:
Find the minimum time required to rot all fresh oranges in a grid.
Use Breadth First Search (BFS) to simulate the rotting process
Track the time taken to rot all oranges and return -1 if any fresh oranges remain
Handle edge cases such as no fresh oranges or all oranges already rotten
Consider using a queue to efficiently process neighboring oranges
Given a linked list where each node has two pointers: one pointing to the next node and another which can point randomly to any node in the list or ...
Yes, the cloning of a linked list with random pointer can be accomplished without utilizing extra space.
Use a hashmap to store the mapping between original nodes and cloned nodes.
Iterate through the original linked list to create the cloned linked list by mapping the random pointers using the hashmap.
Time complexity of this approach is O(N) where N is the number of nodes in the linked list.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
The focus of this round was mainly on my projects and internships. It was taken by a Senior SDE and it more of a technical interaction. I was asked in-depth about my projects and most of the questions asked around OS/DBMS were based on my projects.
The interviewer wanted to judge whether I have core knowledge about subjects like OS and DBMS and also about the projects that I had done.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
It was the culture fit round taken by the Director of Engineering.
Tip 1 : Learn the concepts, not the solutions.
Tip 2 : You should have deep knowledge about the projects mentioned in your resume.
Tip 1 : Resume should be only 1 page.
Tip 2 : Try to tell a story through your resume. For eg - always mention the impact or scale of your projects/internship.
Questions were crayon box ,the bot and the game and happy neighbourhood for 90 mins
Some of the top questions asked at the Tracxn Senior Full Stack Developer interview -
based on 1 interview experience
Difficulty level
Duration
1-7 Yrs
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