Thales Software Engineer Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Basic questions from aptitude and dsa

Q1. Asked about project and basic questions
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Q2. Was it a group project Hobbies Ask me a question
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Q1. What are custom hooks in React, and what are their use cases? Additionally, can you provide an example of a custom hook that performs an API call and utilizes the retrieved data?
Ans. 
Custom hooks in React are reusable functions that allow you to extract component logic into separate functions for better code organization and reusability.
• Custom hooks are created using the 'use' prefix and can be used to share logic between components.

• Use cases for custom hooks include fetching data from an API, handling form state, managing local storage, and more.

• Example of a custom hook for API call: const useFetc...read more
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Q2. What is the difference between useMemo and useCallback in React?
Ans. 
useMemo is used to memoize a value, while useCallback is used to memoize a function.
• useMemo is used to memoize a value and recompute it only when its dependencies change.

• useCallback is used to memoize a callback function and prevent unnecessary re-renders.

• Example: useMemo can be used to memoize the result of a complex computation, while useCallback can be used to memoize an event handler function.
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Q3. What is the difference between class-based components and functional components in React?
Ans. 
Class-based components use ES6 classes and have lifecycle methods, while functional components are simpler and use functions.
• Class-based components use ES6 classes to create components, while functional components are created using functions.

• Class-based components have lifecycle methods like componentDidMount and componentDidUpdate, while functional components do not.

• Functional components are simpler and more lightweig...read more
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Q4. How can you implement the lifecycle of a React component in a functional component?
Ans. 
Implementing the lifecycle of a React component in a functional component
• Use the useEffect hook to replicate lifecycle methods like componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate, and componentWillUnmount

• Pass an empty array as the second argument to useEffect to mimic componentDidMount

• Pass a variable or state as the second argument to useEffect to mimic componentDidUpdate

• Return a cleanup function inside useEffect to mimic compo
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Q5. What are the various state management techniques available in React?
Ans. 
Various state management techniques in React include Context API, Redux, and local state.
• Context API: React's built-in solution for passing data through the component tree without having to pass props down manually at every level.

• Redux: A popular state management library for React applications, allowing for a centralized store to manage application state.

• Local state: Managing state within individual components using us
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Q6. What is the architecture of Redux, and what purposes do middlewares serve within it?
Ans. 
Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps. Middlewares are functions that intercept actions before they reach the reducer.
• Redux follows a unidirectional data flow architecture.

• Middlewares in Redux are functions that can intercept, modify, or dispatch actions.

• Common use cases for middlewares include logging, asynchronous API calls, and handling side effects.

• Examples of popular Redux middlewares are Redu...read more
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Q7. What is hoisting in JavaScript?
Ans. 
Hoisting in JavaScript is the behavior where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compilation phase.
• Variable declarations are hoisted to the top of their scope, but not their initializations.

• Function declarations are fully hoisted, meaning they can be called before they are declared.

• Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly.
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Q8. What is event bubbling in JavaScript?
Ans. 
Event bubbling is the propagation of events from the target element up through its ancestors in the DOM tree.
• Events triggered on a child element will 'bubble up' and trigger on parent elements.

• Event listeners can be attached to parent elements to handle events from multiple child elements.

• Stopping event propagation can be done using event.stopPropagation() or event.stopImmediatePropagation().
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Q9. What are block scope and function scope in JavaScript?
Ans. 
Block scope and function scope are two types of scopes in JavaScript that determine the visibility and accessibility of variables.
• Block scope refers to the visibility of variables within a block of code enclosed by curly braces. Variables declared with 'let' and 'const' have block scope.

• Function scope refers to the visibility of variables within a function. Variables declared with 'var' have function scope.

• Variables de...read more
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Q10. Have you had experience working with semantic tags in HTML?
Ans. 
Yes, I have experience working with semantic tags in HTML.
• Used semantic tags like <header>, <nav>, <main>, <section>, <article>, <aside>, <footer> for better structure and SEO.

• Understand the importance of using semantic tags for accessibility and search engine optimization.

• Semantic tags help in organizing content and making it more readable for developers and browsers.
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Q11. What are the various methods for creating an object in JavaScript?
Ans. 
Various methods for creating an object in JavaScript include object literals, constructor functions, ES6 classes, and Object.create() method.
• Object literals: var obj = { key: value };

• Constructor functions: function ObjectName() { this.key = value; } var obj = new ObjectName();

• ES6 classes: class ClassName { constructor() { this.key = value; } } var obj = new ClassName();

• Object.create() method: var obj = Object.create(pr
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Q12. What are the differences between shallow copy and deep copy in JavaScript?
Ans. 
Shallow copy only copies the references of nested objects, while deep copy creates new copies of nested objects.
• Shallow copy creates a new object but does not create copies of nested objects, only copies their references.

• Deep copy creates a new object and also creates new copies of all nested objects.

• Shallow copy can be achieved using Object.assign() or spread operator, while deep copy can be achieved using JSON.parse(
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Q13. What will be the output of the following JavaScript code fragment: `const a; function test() { console.log(a); }; test();`?
Ans. 
The code will throw an error because 'a' is declared but not initialized.
• The code will result in a ReferenceError because 'a' is declared but not assigned a value.

• Variables declared with 'const' must be initialized at the time of declaration.

• Initializing 'a' with a value before calling test() will prevent the error.
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Q14. How can you use CSS to arrange elements in a row and column layout?
Ans. 
CSS can be used to arrange elements in a row and column layout using flexbox or grid layout properties.
• Use display: flex; for a row layout and display: flex; flex-direction: column; for a column layout

• Use justify-content and align-items properties to align items in the main axis and cross axis respectively

• For grid layout, use display: grid; and grid-template-columns or grid-template-rows to define the layout
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Q15. Have you utilized CSS preprocessors, and if so, which ones?
Ans. 
Yes, I have utilized CSS preprocessors such as SASS and LESS.
• I have experience using SASS to streamline my CSS workflow by utilizing variables, mixins, and nesting.

• I have also worked with LESS to improve code organization and maintainability through features like variables and functions.
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Q16. If I have assigned different colors to an ID and a class and applied both to the same element, which color will be applied based on CSS specificity precedence?
Ans. 
The color applied will be based on the specificity of the selector, with ID having higher specificity than class.
• ID has higher specificity than class in CSS

• Color applied will be based on the selector with higher specificity

• Example: If ID selector has color red and class selector has color blue, the color applied will be red
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An aptitude test is an assessment to measure a candidate mental aptitude/mental ability

Q1. Can you briefly Tell us about yourself?
Ans. 
I am a passionate software developer with 5 years of experience in web development and a strong background in computer science.
• 5 years of experience in web development

• Strong background in computer science

• Passionate about software development
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Q2. What do you consider to be your strongest points?
Ans. 
My strongest points include problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and ability to work well in a team.
• Strong problem-solving skills - I enjoy tackling complex issues and finding creative solutions.

• Attention to detail - I am meticulous in my work and strive for perfection in every task.

• Team player - I collaborate effectively with colleagues, communicate openly, and contribute positively to group projects.
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Q3. Which programming languages do you use regularly in your work
Ans. 
I regularly use Java, Python, and SQL in my work as a Software Developer.
• Java

• Python

• SQL
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A group discussion is a structured conversation in which participants share their ideas, perspectives, and solutions on a specific topic.

Q1. What motivates you to seek employment at Wipro?
Ans. 
I am motivated to seek employment at Wipro because of their reputation for innovation and opportunities for growth.
• Impressed by Wipro's track record of delivering cutting-edge solutions

• Excited about the chance to work with a diverse and talented team

• Eager to take advantage of Wipro's professional development programs
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Q2. What are your long-term career goals?
Ans. 
My long-term career goal is to become a lead software developer and eventually move into a management role.
• Advance to a lead software developer position

• Gain experience in managing a team of developers

• Develop strong leadership and communication skills

• Continue learning new technologies and staying updated with industry trends
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Assignment details refer to the specifics of an assignment, including any documents and/or emails or subsequent correspondence between the company and the client.

Average to easy difficulty level.

Q1. Java code of string manipulation
Ans. 
String manipulation in Java involves various methods like substring, concat, replace, etc.
• Use substring() to extract a part of the string

• Use concat() to concatenate two strings

• Use replace() to replace a specific character or substring in a string
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Q2. What is the Java code for various types of sorting algorithms?
Ans. 
Various sorting algorithms in Java code
• Bubble Sort: int[] arr = {5, 2, 8, 1, 3}; Arrays.sort(arr);

• Selection Sort: int[] arr = {5, 2, 8, 1, 3}; Arrays.sort(arr);

• Insertion Sort: int[] arr = {5, 2, 8, 1, 3}; Arrays.sort(arr);

• Merge Sort: int[] arr = {5, 2, 8, 1, 3}; Arrays.sort(arr);

• Quick Sort: int[] arr = {5, 2, 8, 1, 3}; Arrays.sort(arr);
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Q3. Sql query and topics related to joins.
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Q1. About yourself and family
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Q2. What do you know about the company?
Ans. 
The company is a leading software development firm specializing in creating innovative solutions for various industries.
• Specializes in creating innovative software solutions

• Works with clients from various industries

• Known for high-quality and reliable products

• Has a strong team of software engineers and developers
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Q3. Can you provide examples of real-life scenarios where you handled conflicts with either a colleague or a manager?
Ans. 
Handled conflicts by addressing issues directly, seeking compromise, and maintaining professionalism.
• Addressed a disagreement with a colleague by scheduling a one-on-one meeting to discuss concerns and find common ground.

• Resolved a conflict with a manager by actively listening to their perspective, providing feedback, and working together to find a solution.

• Maintained professionalism during conflicts by staying calm, r...read more
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Q4. What actions would you take if your manager does not approve your product idea, and how would you attempt to persuade them?
Ans. 
I would gather more data to support my idea, present a compelling case to my manager, and be open to feedback and compromise.
• Gather data to support the idea, such as market research, user feedback, or cost-benefit analysis.

• Prepare a well-structured presentation highlighting the potential benefits of the product idea.

• Listen to the manager's concerns and feedback, and be open to making adjustments or compromises.

• Seek sup...read more
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Aptitude, core concepts and a code

Q1. What is the one thing you learnt from college club?
Ans. 
I learned the importance of teamwork and collaboration from my college club.
• Developed strong communication skills by working with diverse group of individuals

• Learned how to delegate tasks effectively to achieve common goals

• Gained experience in problem-solving and conflict resolution through group projects
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Q2. What is the one thing you want to expereince?
Ans. 
I want to experience living in a different country and immersing myself in a new culture.
• Traveling to a foreign country and learning about their customs and traditions

• Trying new foods and experiencing different ways of life

• Making friends with locals and exploring the local attractions
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Q1. Difference between relational and non relational dbms
Ans. 
Relational DBMS stores data in tables with predefined relationships, while non-relational DBMS stores data in flexible, schema-less formats.
• Relational DBMS uses structured query language (SQL) for querying data

• Non-relational DBMS can store data in various formats like key-value pairs, document-based, graph databases

• Relational DBMS ensures data integrity through normalization and constraints

• Non-relational DBMS offers be...read more
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Q2. Difference betweeen class,abstract class,interface in python
Ans. 
Class is a blueprint for creating objects, abstract class cannot be instantiated and can have abstract methods, interface is a contract for classes to implement certain methods.
• Class is a blueprint for creating objects with attributes and methods.

• Abstract class cannot be instantiated and can have abstract methods that must be implemented by subclasses.

• Interface is a contract for classes to implement certain methods, bu
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Q3. Project related questions were asked
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Q1. List down Java 8 features and use case
Ans. 
Java 8 introduced several new features including lambda expressions, streams, and functional interfaces.
• Lambda expressions: Allow for more concise and readable code by enabling functional programming.

• Streams: Provide a way to work with collections of objects in a more functional style.

• Functional interfaces: Interfaces with a single abstract method, used to enable lambda expressions.

• Optional class: Helps to avoid null p...read more
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Q2. List down Spring boot annotation used
Ans. 
Spring boot annotations are used to simplify the development process by providing metadata to the Spring framework.
• 1. @SpringBootApplication - Main annotation to indicate the main class of a Spring Boot application.

• 2. @RestController - Annotation for RESTful web services.

• 3. @Autowired - Dependency injection annotation.

• 4. @GetMapping, @PostMapping, @PutMapping, @DeleteMapping - Annotations for mapping HTTP requests to c...read more
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Q3. Difference between String builder and String Buffer
Ans. 
String Builder is not synchronized and faster, while String Buffer is synchronized and slower.
• String Builder is not thread-safe, while String Buffer is thread-safe.

• String Builder is faster due to lack of synchronization, while String Buffer is slower due to synchronization.

• String Builder is recommended for single-threaded operations, while String Buffer is recommended for multi-threaded operations.
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Q4. What is String pool
Ans. 
String pool is a storage area in memory where strings are stored to optimize memory usage by reusing common strings.
• String pool helps in reducing memory usage by storing only one copy of each unique string.

• Strings created using double quotes are stored in the string pool.

• Strings created using new keyword are not stored in the string pool.
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Q5. Number of memory type have. like heap memory , stack
Ans. 
There are two main types of memory in a computer system: stack memory and heap memory.
• Stack memory is used for static memory allocation and is managed by the compiler. It is typically faster but limited in size.

• Heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation and is managed by the programmer. It is slower but has a larger size.

• Examples: C programming language uses stack memory for function calls and heap memory for dy
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