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Protocols are a set of rules that govern the communication between devices in a network.
Protocols define the format and order of messages exchanged between devices.
They ensure reliable and efficient communication by specifying how data is transmitted and received.
Examples of protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, DNS, and SMTP.
DORA process is the acronym for Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge. It is a DHCP process used to assign IP addresses to devices on a network.
Discover: The client sends a broadcast message to find available DHCP servers.
Offer: The DHCP server responds with an IP address offer to the client.
Request: The client requests the offered IP address from the DHCP server.
Acknowledge: The DHCP server acknowledges the client
VLAN switching is the process of forwarding network traffic based on VLAN membership.
VLAN switching allows for network segmentation and improved network performance.
Switches use VLAN tags to identify and forward traffic to the appropriate VLAN.
VLAN switching can be configured using either static or dynamic VLANs.
Examples of VLAN switching protocols include IEEE 802.1Q and ISL.
VLAN switching can also be used to implemen...
Routing process is the method of selecting the best path for data to travel from source to destination.
Routing process involves analyzing the network topology and selecting the best path based on various metrics such as hop count, bandwidth, delay, and cost.
Routing protocols such as OSPF, BGP, and EIGRP are used to exchange routing information between routers.
Routing tables are used to store the information about the n...
NAT (Network Address Translation) is a process that allows multiple devices to share a single public IP address.
NAT translates private IP addresses to public IP addresses and vice versa.
It helps conserve public IP addresses and provides security by hiding internal network details.
NAT can be implemented using different methods such as Static NAT, Dynamic NAT, and PAT (Port Address Translation).
Example: When a user with ...
Routing configuration is the process of setting up and managing the paths that network traffic takes between devices.
Routing configuration involves configuring routing protocols, such as OSPF or BGP, on network devices.
It also involves setting up static routes and defining network topologies.
Routing configuration is important for ensuring efficient and reliable network communication.
Examples of routing configuration to
OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system.
OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection.
It has 7 layers, each with a specific function.
The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
Each layer communicates with the layer above and below it.
The model helps ensure interoperabilit...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Aug 2021. There were 3 interview rounds.
You have to pass this test. You can check previous papers for more information.
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Nov 2020. There was 1 interview round.
VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network. It is a logical grouping of devices on a network, allowing for better network management and security.
VLANs divide a single physical network into multiple virtual networks.
They help in reducing network congestion and improving network performance.
VLANs can be configured on switches using commands like 'vlan database', 'vlan
Access ports are used to connect end devices, while trunk ports are used to carry traffic between switches.
Access ports are assigned to a single VLAN and carry traffic for that VLAN only.
Trunk ports can carry traffic for multiple VLANs using VLAN tagging.
Access ports are typically used for devices like computers, printers, and IP phones.
Trunk ports are used to interconnect switches or connect to network devices like ro...
To check uptime of Routers & Switches, use the show version command.
Log in to the device using SSH or Telnet.
Enter the show version command.
Look for the line that starts with 'uptime'.
The uptime will be displayed in the format of days, hours, minutes, and seconds.
Alternatively, you can use network monitoring tools like Nagios, PRTG, or SolarWinds to monitor uptime.
These tools can provide alerts when a device goes down
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Feb 2021. There were 3 interview rounds.
Routing and switching are fundamental concepts in computer networking that involve directing and forwarding data packets.
Routing is the process of determining the best path for data packets to travel from one network to another.
Switching is the process of forwarding data packets within a network based on their destination MAC addresses.
Routing protocols like OSPF and BGP are used to exchange routing information between...
LAN/WAN refers to local area network and wide area network respectively. VLAN is a virtual LAN that allows for logical segmentation of a network.
LAN is a network that covers a small geographical area, typically within a single building or campus.
WAN is a network that spans a large geographical area, connecting multiple LANs or remote locations.
VLAN is a virtual LAN that enables the creation of multiple logical networks...
A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external network.
It examines network packets and filters them based on rules to allow or block traffic.
Firewalls can be hardware-based or software-based.
Examples of firewalls include Cisco ASA, Palo A
I applied via Recruitment Consultant and was interviewed before Sep 2018. There were 4 interview rounds.
I was interviewed in Jul 2017.
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