Sonata Software Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. Design a linked list
Ans. 
A linked list is a data structure consisting of nodes where each node points to the next node in the sequence.
• Nodes contain data and a reference to the next node

• Can be singly linked (each node points to the next) or doubly linked (each node points to the next and previous)

• Operations include insertion, deletion, traversal, and searching

• Example: Node { data: 5, next: Node { data: 10, next: null } }
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Q2. Implement binary search
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Binary search is a divide and conquer algorithm that efficiently finds the target value in a sorted array.
• Start by defining the low and high indices of the array.

• Calculate the mid index as (low + high) / 2.

• Compare the target value with the value at the mid index and adjust the low and high indices accordingly.

• Repeat the process until the target value is found or the low index surpasses the high index.
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Q1. Sorting algorithm to use when 70% of numbers are sorted
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Use a modified version of Merge Sort or Tim Sort for efficient sorting when 70% of numbers are already sorted.
• Consider using Merge Sort with optimizations for nearly sorted arrays, such as checking for already sorted subarrays before merging.

• Tim Sort, a hybrid sorting algorithm derived from Merge Sort and Insertion Sort, is also a good choice for partially sorted arrays.

• Both algorithms have a time complexity of O(n log...read more
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Q2. What is virtual destructor in c++
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A virtual destructor in C++ is used to ensure that the correct destructor is called when deleting an object through a base class pointer.
• Virtual destructors are necessary when deleting an object through a pointer to a base class in order to properly call the derived class destructor.

• Without a virtual destructor, only the base class destructor would be called, potentially leading to memory leaks or undefined behavior.

• Ex...read more
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Q3. What is overflow in c++ ?
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Overflow in C++ occurs when a value is too large to be stored in the data type, leading to unexpected behavior.
• Overflow can happen when adding two large numbers, causing the result to exceed the maximum value that can be stored in the data type.

• For example, adding 2147483647 + 1 to an int data type in C++ will result in overflow, wrapping around to -2147483648.

• To prevent overflow, it is important to check for potential...read more
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First round was Aptitude round, Questions were tricky.

Q1. Second round was Technical Round -1, here they asked about introduction, project and ML
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Q1. Third round was Technical round -3, here the interviewer gave me situational based questions and i had to answer them
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Q1. Self introduction
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Q2. Rotate a 2d matrix by 90 degree
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Q3. Search key in 2d
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Search for a key in a 2D array where rows and columns are sorted in ascending order.
• Iterate through each row and column to search for the key

• Start from the top right corner or bottom left corner for efficient search

• Use binary search within each row or column for faster search
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Q4. Maximus sum substring
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Q5. SQL query to calculate average salary of each department
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Q1. What is the SMTP?
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Q2. What is the RSMTP?
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Q3. Tell about TCP Rest
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