30+ Interview Questions and Answers

Two components can communicate using a shared service or event bus.

• Use a shared service to store and retrieve data that both components need.

• Implement an event bus to allow components to subscribe and publish events.

• Utilize a state management library like Redux to manage shared state between components.

Spring Boot annotations are used to simplify the development process by providing metadata to the Spring framework.

• 1. @RestController - Used to define RESTful web services.

• 2. @RequestMapping - Maps HTTP requests to handler methods of MVC and REST controllers.

• 3. @Autowired - Used for automatic dependency injection.

• 4. @Component - Indicates that a class is a Spring component.

• 5. @Service - Indicates that a class is a service component.

• 6. @Repository - Indicates that a class is a...read more

Two microservices can interact through synchronous communication, asynchronous communication, event-driven architecture, and shared database.

• Synchronous communication using REST APIs or gRPC

• Asynchronous communication using message queues like RabbitMQ or Kafka

• Event-driven architecture using publish-subscribe pattern with message brokers

• Shared database for direct data exchange between microservices

PCR is used to amplify DNA while blotting techniques are used to detect specific DNA or protein sequences.

• PCR amplifies DNA while blotting detects specific sequences

• PCR requires a DNA template while blotting requires a probe

• PCR is faster and more sensitive than blotting

• PCR can be used for genotyping while blotting can be used for protein detection

Use a sorting algorithm to sort an array of strings representing names.

• Use a sorting algorithm like bubble sort, selection sort, or merge sort to sort the array of strings.

• Compare each pair of strings and swap them if they are in the wrong order.

• Repeat this process until the array is sorted.

• Example: ['John', 'Alice', 'Bob'] -> ['Alice', 'Bob', 'John']

Hooks in React are functions that let you use state and other React features in functional components.

• Hooks were introduced in React 16.8 to allow state and lifecycle features in functional components.

• useState() hook is used to add state to functional components.

• useEffect() hook is used to perform side effects in functional components.

• Custom hooks can be created to reuse stateful logic across components.

To connect to a database in Spring Boot, you need to configure the database properties in the application.properties file and use Spring Data JPA.

• Configure the database properties in the application.properties file, including the URL, username, and password.

• Add the necessary dependencies in the pom.xml file for Spring Data JPA and the database driver.

• Create a repository interface that extends JpaRepository to interact with the database.

• Use annotations like @Entity, @Table, @I...read more

I expect a competitive salary based on my skills, experience, and the industry standards.

• I am looking for a salary that reflects my qualifications and the responsibilities of the role.

• I have researched the average salary range for Process Associates in this industry.

• I am open to negotiation based on the overall compensation package offered.

• I value fair compensation for my contributions and the opportunity for growth.

• I am confident that we can reach a mutually beneficial agree...read more

Program to print numbers 1 to 100 without using integers

• Create an array of strings containing the numbers from 1 to 100

• Use a loop to iterate through the array and print each element

The question asks for the reverse order of words and the Fibonacci series.

• To reverse the order of words, split the sentence into an array of words and then reverse the array.

• To generate the Fibonacci series, start with two initial numbers and then calculate the next number by adding the previous two numbers.

My documentation capability is highly effective and organized.

• I have experience in creating and maintaining documentation for various projects.

• I use clear and concise language to ensure easy understanding.

• I am proficient in using tools such as Microsoft Word, Google Docs, and Confluence.

• I ensure that all documentation is up-to-date and easily accessible.

• For example, in my previous role, I created a comprehensive user manual for a software product that received positive feedba...read more

Forecasting is the process of predicting future events or trends based on past and present data.

• Helps in making informed decisions

• Assists in planning and budgeting

• Reduces uncertainty and risk

• Improves efficiency and productivity

• Examples: sales forecasting, financial forecasting, weather forecasting

Variance analysis is a tool used to compare actual financial results to budgeted or expected results.

• It helps identify areas where actual results differ from expected results

• It can be used to identify trends and patterns in financial data

• It helps in making informed decisions and taking corrective actions

• Examples include analyzing sales revenue, expenses, and profit margins

• It is commonly used in financial planning and analysis (FP&A) roles

Pine is the most cast wood in the world.

• Pine is widely used for construction, furniture, and paper production.

• It is a softwood with a light color and straight grain.

• Other popular woods include oak, maple, and cherry.

Var and dynamic are type inference keywords in C#. Static constructors are used to initialize static fields. Private constructors restrict object creation. Microservices are a software architecture pattern.

• Var and dynamic are used for type inference in C#

• Static constructors are used to initialize static fields

• Private constructors restrict object creation

• Microservices are a software architecture pattern for building complex applications as a suite of small, independent service...read more

Program to retrieve diagonal elements of an array of strings

• Iterate through the rows and columns of the array

• Check if the row index is equal to the column index to get the diagonal elements

• Store the diagonal elements in a separate array

row_number(), rank(), and dense_rank() are SQL functions used for ranking and ordering data.

• row_number() assigns a unique number to each row in the result set.

• rank() assigns a unique rank to each row, with ties receiving the same rank and the next rank skipped.

• dense_rank() assigns a unique rank to each row, with ties receiving the same rank and the next rank not skipped.

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs, while Graphs are a data structure that represents relationships between nodes.

• HashMap is used for fast lookups of values based on keys.

• Graphs are used to represent connections between nodes.

• HashMaps have constant time complexity for lookups, while Graphs may have varying time complexity depending on the algorithm used.

• Example: HashMap can be used to store a mapping of student names to their grades, while a Graph can be ...read more

We use metrics such as velocity, lead time, cycle time, and defect rate to track team performance and delivery efficiency.

• Velocity: measures the amount of work completed in a sprint

• Lead time: measures the time taken from a customer request to delivery

• Cycle time: measures the time taken to complete a single task or user story

• Defect rate: measures the number of defects found in a product

A nuclear reactor works by using controlled nuclear reactions to generate heat, which is then used to produce electricity.

• Nuclear fuel undergoes fission, releasing energy in the form of heat

• The heat is used to create steam, which drives a turbine to generate electricity

• The reactor is controlled by control rods, which absorb neutrons and slow down the reaction

• The reactor also produces radioactive waste, which must be carefully managed and disposed of

Budgeting is the process of creating a financial plan for a specific period. Types include static, flexible, and rolling budgets.

• Budgeting involves estimating income and expenses for a specific period

• Static budgets are fixed and do not change with actual results

• Flexible budgets adjust based on actual results

• Rolling budgets are continuously updated for a specific future period

• Other types include zero-based, incremental, and activity-based budgets

Java program to remove duplicate numbers in an array of strings

• Create a HashSet to store unique elements

• Iterate through the array and add elements to the HashSet

• Convert the HashSet back to an array to get unique elements

Reconciliation in React is the process of updating the virtual DOM to match the actual DOM.

• Reconciliation is the process of comparing the virtual DOM with the actual DOM and making necessary updates.

• React uses a diffing algorithm to efficiently update the DOM without re-rendering the entire component tree.

• Key prop is important for React to efficiently reconcile elements and maintain component state.

• Reconciliation can be optimized by using shouldComponentUpdate or PureComponen...read more

Program to reverse a string

• Create a function that takes a string as input

• Convert the string into an array of characters

• Use a loop to iterate through the array in reverse order

• Concatenate the characters to form the reversed string

Hc rec stands for headcount reconciliation. It is done to ensure accuracy in employee headcount data.

• Hc rec is a process of comparing and reconciling employee headcount data across different systems or sources.

• It helps in identifying discrepancies and errors in headcount data, which can be corrected to ensure accuracy.

• Hc rec is important for financial reporting, budgeting, and resource planning purposes.

• For example, if an organization has 100 employees in its HR system but on...read more

ELISA stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.

• ELISA is a technique used to detect the presence of antibodies or antigens in a sample.

• PCR is a technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence in a sample.

• ELISA is commonly used in medical diagnostics and research.

• PCR is commonly used in genetic testing and research.

Performance optimization in React is crucial for creating fast and efficient web applications.

• Use React.memo and PureComponent to optimize rendering performance by preventing unnecessary re-renders.

• Avoid unnecessary re-renders by using shouldComponentUpdate or React.memo with custom comparison functions.

• Use code splitting and lazy loading to reduce initial load time and improve performance.

• Optimize component rendering by using useMemo and useCallback hooks to memoize values a...read more

I have a strong understanding of financial statements including income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.

• Knowledge of income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement

• Understanding of key financial metrics such as revenue, expenses, assets, liabilities, and cash flow

• Ability to analyze financial data to identify trends and make recommendations

• Experience with financial modeling and forecasting

• Familiarity with accounting principles and regulations

Selenium architecture includes Selenium Client Library, JSON Wire Protocol, WebDriver API, and browser drivers.

• Selenium Client Library provides bindings for various programming languages like Java, Python, etc.

• JSON Wire Protocol is used for communication between the client and the server.

• WebDriver API defines a set of interfaces to interact with web browsers.

• Browser drivers like ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver, etc., are used to communicate with respective browsers.

The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.

• Start with two initial numbers, 0 and 1

• Each subsequent number is the sum of the two preceding numbers

• Repeat this process until the desired number of terms is reached

I solve conflicts by actively listening, understanding all perspectives, finding common ground, and facilitating a resolution.

• Actively listen to all parties involved to understand their perspectives

• Identify common ground and areas of agreement

• Facilitate open communication and encourage compromise

• Seek win-win solutions that address the needs of all parties

• Use conflict resolution techniques such as mediation or negotiation

• Maintain professionalism and remain neutral throughout t...read more

SOAP is a protocol, REST is an architectural style for web services.

• SOAP is a protocol that uses XML for communication, while REST uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.

• SOAP is more rigid and requires more bandwidth, while REST is lightweight and flexible.

• SOAP has built-in security features like WS-Security, while REST relies on external security mechanisms like OAuth.

• SOAP is more suitable for complex operations and enterprise-level applications, while REST i...read more

Map is a collection of key-value pairs where keys are unique, while Set is a collection of unique elements with no duplicates.

• Map allows duplicate values but keys must be unique

• Set does not allow duplicates and does not have key-value pairs

• Example: Map - {1: 'apple', 2: 'banana'}, Set - {'apple', 'banana'}

The testing process involves planning, designing, executing, and evaluating tests to ensure software quality.

• Planning: Define test objectives, scope, and strategy.

• Designing: Create test cases based on requirements and risks.

• Executing: Run tests and record results.

• Evaluating: Analyze test results and report defects.

• Iterating: Repeat testing cycles to improve quality.

• Example: Planning involves creating a test plan with timelines and resources.

• Example: Designing includes writing...read more

MERN stack is a popular technology stack for building full-stack web applications.

• MERN stands for MongoDB, Express.js, React, and Node.js

• MongoDB is a NoSQL database used for storing data

• Express.js is a web application framework for Node.js

• React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces

• Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment for server-side development