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Leakage current in CMOS refers to the small amount of current that flows through the transistors when they are in the off state.
Leakage current occurs due to the imperfect insulation between the source and drain terminals of the transistors.
It is an undesirable phenomenon as it leads to power dissipation and can affect the performance and reliability of CMOS circuits.
Leakage current can be categorized into subthreshold...
The different terminals of a MOSFET are the gate, source, and drain.
The gate terminal controls the flow of current between the source and drain.
The source terminal is where the current enters the MOSFET.
The drain terminal is where the current exits the MOSFET.
The gate-source voltage determines the conductivity of the channel between the source and drain.
Examples of MOSFETs include enhancement-mode and depletion-mode MO
Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to its resistance.
Ohm's law is expressed as V = IR, where V is the voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance.
It helps in understanding the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit.
For example, if the voltage across a resistor is...
The direction of current flow is opposite to the direction of electron flow due to historical convention.
The concept of current flow was developed before the discovery of electrons.
Benjamin Franklin proposed the convention of positive charge carriers, which led to the opposite direction of current flow.
In reality, electrons are negatively charged and flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a power s...
An inductor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it.
Inductors are typically made of a coil of wire wound around a core material.
They are used in electronic circuits to control the flow of current and store energy.
Inductors can be found in various applications such as power supplies, filters, and oscillators.
They are measured in units called henries (H).
Indu...
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I applied via Walk-in and was interviewed before Dec 2023. There were 2 interview rounds.
As an L2 Engineer, my roles and responsibilities include troubleshooting technical issues, providing support to end users, and collaborating with L1 and L3 teams.
Troubleshooting technical issues reported by end users
Providing support and guidance to L1 support team
Collaborating with L3 engineers to resolve complex technical problems
Documenting solutions and best practices for future reference
Participating in on-call ro
During a line down situation, managing line output involves troubleshooting, identifying the root cause, implementing solutions, and communicating with stakeholders.
Quickly troubleshoot to identify the root cause of the line down
Implement temporary solutions to restore line output if possible
Communicate with relevant teams and stakeholders to keep them informed
Work on permanent solutions to prevent future line down sit...
I am a dedicated L2 Engineer with a strong background in troubleshooting and resolving technical issues.
Experienced in diagnosing and fixing network problems
Proficient in configuring and maintaining hardware and software systems
Skilled in providing technical support to end users
Certified in relevant technologies such as Cisco or Microsoft
My salary expectations are based on my experience, skills, and the market rate for the position.
Research the average salary range for L2 Engineers in your area
Consider your level of experience and skills when determining your salary expectations
Be prepared to negotiate based on the company's offer and benefits package
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed before Feb 2023. There were 2 interview rounds.
It was an online ph test
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed before Apr 2023. There was 1 interview round.
Speed and feed formula is used in machining to determine the optimal cutting parameters for a specific material and tool.
Speed and feed formula calculates the spindle speed (RPM) and feed rate (IPM) for a given material and tool combination.
The formula takes into account factors such as material type, tool diameter, and desired surface finish.
For example, the formula for calculating spindle speed is: RPM = (CS x 4) / D...
Difference and least count of measuring instruments
Difference: Range of values that can be measured by the instrument
Least count: Smallest change in the quantity being measured that can be detected by the instrument
Examples: Vernier caliper - Difference: 0-150mm, Least count: 0.02mm; Micrometer screw gauge - Difference: 0-25mm, Least count: 0.01mm
I was interviewed in Dec 2023.
Pneumatics and hydraulics systems are used in engineering for power transmission and control.
Pneumatics systems use compressed air to transmit power, commonly used in industries for automation and control.
Hydraulics systems use pressurized liquid (usually oil) to transmit power, commonly used in heavy machinery like excavators and hydraulic presses.
Pneumatics systems are generally faster but less powerful than hydrauli...
Major breakdowns include server crashes, while minor breakdowns may involve software glitches.
Major breakdown: Server crash - Solution: Restart server and investigate root cause
Minor breakdown: Software glitch - Solution: Update software or restart application
Major breakdown: Network failure - Solution: Check network connections and troubleshoot
Minor breakdown: Printer jam - Solution: Clear jammed paper and reset print
I was interviewed before May 2016.
I was interviewed before Apr 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Technical Interview round with questions on OOPS and OS mainly.
Little Endian and Big Endian refer to the order in which bytes are stored in computer memory.
Little Endian stores the least significant byte first, while Big Endian stores the most significant byte first.
Little Endian is commonly used in x86 architecture, while Big Endian is used in architectures like SPARC and PowerPC.
Endianness can affect data transmission between systems with different byte orders.
Program to determine system's endianness
Check the endianness by storing a multi-byte integer and checking the byte order
Use bitwise operations to extract the least significant byte
If the least significant byte is at the lowest memory address, it's little-endian
If the least significant byte is at the highest memory address, it's big-endian
The volatile keyword in programming is used to indicate that a variable's value can be changed unexpectedly.
Volatile keyword is used in multithreaded programming to prevent compiler optimizations on variables that can be changed by other threads.
It tells the compiler not to cache the variable's value in a register, ensuring that every access is made to the variable's memory location.
Commonly used in embedded systems pr...
Function pointers in C are used to store the address of functions, allowing for dynamic function calls and callbacks.
Function pointers can be used to implement callbacks in event-driven programming.
They can be used to switch between different functions at runtime.
Function pointers are commonly used in implementing data structures like function pointers in an array of function pointers.
Example: void (*funcPtr)(int) = &a
Design a data structure for multi-threading
Use a thread-safe queue to manage tasks for each thread
Implement a lock or semaphore to control access to shared resources
Consider using condition variables for synchronization
Use atomic operations for shared variables to prevent race conditions
The kernel is the core component of an operating system that manages system resources and provides a bridge between software and hardware.
Manages system resources such as CPU, memory, and I/O devices
Provides a bridge between software applications and hardware components
Handles tasks such as process scheduling, memory management, and device drivers
Controls communication between hardware and software layers
A storage class in programming defines the scope and lifetime of variables.
Storage classes include auto, register, static, and extern.
Auto variables are created when a function is called and destroyed when the function ends.
Register variables are stored in CPU registers for faster access.
Static variables retain their value between function calls.
Extern variables are declared outside of any function and can be accessed
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
HR round with typical behavioral problems.
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Dec 2016. There were 5 interview rounds.
Design logical circuits for arithmetic circuits in a blackbox.
Understand the functionality of the arithmetic circuits in the blackbox.
Identify the inputs and outputs of the blackbox.
Design logical circuits using logic gates to replicate the arithmetic operations.
Test the logical circuits to ensure they produce the same outputs as the arithmetic circuits.
Recursion in embedded C-code allows a function to call itself, useful for repetitive tasks or complex algorithms.
Ensure proper base case to avoid infinite recursion
Use stack space efficiently as embedded systems have limited resources
Avoid recursive functions with deep call stacks to prevent stack overflow
Example: Recursive function to calculate factorial of a number
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Dec 2016. There were 4 interview rounds.
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Dec 2016. There were 5 interview rounds.
I am a passionate software engineer with experience in developing web applications using various technologies.
Experienced in developing web applications using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React and Angular
Proficient in backend development with Node.js and databases like MongoDB and MySQL
Familiar with version control systems like Git and project management tools like Jira
based on 1 interview
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