50+ Optum Global Solutions Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Calculate the Nth element of a modified Fibonacci series given the first two numbers and N, with the result modulo 10^9 + 7.

• Implement a function to calculate the Nth element of the series using the Fibonacci rule f(x) = f(x - 1) + f(x - 2)

• Return the answer modulo 10^9 + 7 due to the possibility of a very large result

• The series starts with the first two numbers X and Y, and the position N in the series

Merge two sorted linked lists into a single sorted linked list with constant space complexity and linear time complexity.

• Create a dummy node to start the merged list

• Compare the values of the two linked lists and append the smaller value to the merged list

• Move the pointer of the merged list and the pointer of the smaller value's linked list

• Continue this process until one of the linked lists is fully traversed

• Append the remaining elements of the other linked list to the merged ...read more

Count the number of consonants in a given string containing uppercase and lowercase characters and spaces.

• Iterate through each character in the string and check if it is a consonant (not a vowel).

• Keep a count of the consonants encountered while iterating through the string.

• Return the total count of consonants at the end.

Implement a function to delete a node from a linked list at a specified position.

• Traverse the linked list to find the node at the specified position.

• Update the pointers of the previous and next nodes to skip the node to be deleted.

• Handle edge cases such as deleting the head or tail of the linked list.

• Ensure to free the memory of the deleted node to avoid memory leaks.

Find the intersection of two integer arrays/lists in the order they appear in the first array/list.

• Iterate through the elements of the first array/list and check if they exist in the second array/list.

• Use a hash set to store elements of the first array/list for efficient lookups.

• Print the common elements in the order they appear in the first array/list.

The task is to format a list of authors and their books in a specific way as per the given input format.

• Parse the input to extract the number of test cases, number of authors, author names, and their respective books.

• Format the output by printing the author names and their books in the specified format.

• Ensure correct sequence and labeling of authors and books as per the example provided.

• Handle multiple test cases and authors with varying numbers of books.

• Focus on the structur...read more

Find the longest palindromic substring in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and expand around each character to find palindromes

• Keep track of the longest palindrome found so far

• Return the longest palindromic substring

Find an integer Y such that XOR of X and Y yields maximum value within given constraints.

• Iterate through each test case and find the maximum possible Y by flipping all bits of X except the most significant bit.

• The maximum value of Y is 2^61 - 1, which is 2305843009213693951.

• Ensure that the obtained Y does not exceed the given constraints.

Find the minimum number of days required to complete all tasks given specific completion days for each task.

• Sort the tasks based on day1 in ascending order.

• For each task, choose the minimum of day1 and day2 as the completion day.

• Keep track of the maximum completion day for each task.

• The final answer is the maximum completion day of all tasks.

Given a graph with 'N' vertices and 'M' edges, determine if it can be colored using two colors without adjacent vertices sharing the same color.

• Use graph coloring algorithm like BFS or DFS to check if the graph can be colored with two colors without conflicts.

• Check if any adjacent vertices have the same color. If so, it is not possible to color the graph as described.

• If the graph has connected components, color each component separately to determine if the entire graph can be...read more

Find the Kth largest element in an array of distinct positive integers.

• Sort the array in non-increasing order to easily find the Kth largest element.

• Ensure all elements in the array are distinct for accurate results.

• Handle multiple test cases efficiently by iterating through each case.

DM type 1 is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks insulin-producing cells, while DM type 2 is a metabolic disorder where the body becomes resistant to insulin.

• DM type 1 is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, while DM type 2 is more common in adults over 40.

• DM type 1 requires insulin injections for treatment, while DM type 2 can often be managed with lifestyle changes and medication.

• DM type 1 is less common than DM type 2, accounting for only 5-10% of all d...read more

Bubble Sort algorithm is used to sort an array of non-negative integers in non-decreasing order.

• Implement the Bubble Sort algorithm to sort the array in place.

• Compare adjacent elements and swap them if they are in the wrong order.

• Repeat this process until the array is sorted.

• Time complexity of Bubble Sort is O(n^2) in the worst case.

• Example: For input [6, 2, 8, 4, 10], the output should be [2, 4, 6, 8, 10].

Measure 9 minutes using a 4-minute hourglass and a 7-minute hourglass

• Start both hourglasses at the same time

• When the 4-minute hourglass runs out, flip it immediately

• When the 7-minute hourglass runs out, flip it immediately

• When the 4-minute hourglass runs out for the second time, 9 minutes have passed

Use SQL query with ORDER BY and LIMIT to find the 5th highest salary.

• Use ORDER BY clause to sort salaries in descending order

• Use LIMIT 4,1 to skip the first 4 salaries and get the 5th highest salary

Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar.

• Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.

• Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough insulin.

• Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually goes away after delivery.

• Diabetes can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and nerv...read more

There are two types of myocardial infarctions: STEMI and NSTEMI.

• STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction) is caused by a complete blockage of a coronary artery.

• NSTEMI (non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction) is caused by a partial blockage of a coronary artery.

• STEMI is considered more severe and requires immediate medical attention.

• NSTEMI may not show as many symptoms and can be more difficult to diagnose.

• Examples of symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, and naus...read more

obj open vs obj open by handle

• obj open opens a file and returns a file object

• obj open by handle opens a file using a file descriptor

• obj open by handle is faster than obj open

• obj open by handle is used when you already have a file descriptor

I have worked with React, Node.js, and AWS recently.

• Developed a web application using React and Node.js

• Deployed the application on AWS EC2 instance

• Used AWS S3 for storing and retrieving files

• Implemented authentication and authorization using AWS Cognito

• Integrated Stripe payment gateway for online payments

To change work object status of multiple cases from pending to closed.

• Identify the cases that need to be closed

• Update the status of each case to closed

• Save the changes made to the cases

• Use a loop to perform the above steps for multiple cases

• Example: Use a query to identify all cases with pending status and update their status to closed

The inner join of two tables with duplicate values results in a combined set of common values.

• Inner join combines rows from both tables where the key columns match

• In this case, the result would be [1,1,1,1,1,1] as all values are common in both tables

Find the second largest element in an array of integers.

• Iterate through the array to find the largest and second largest elements.

• Handle cases where all elements are identical.

• Return -1 if second largest element does not exist.

SQL is a relational database management system, while NoSQL is a non-relational database management system.

• SQL databases are table-based, NoSQL databases are document, key-value, graph, or wide-column stores

• SQL databases use structured query language for defining and manipulating data, NoSQL databases use different query languages

• SQL databases are vertically scalable, NoSQL databases are horizontally scalable

• SQL databases are good for complex queries, NoSQL databases are bett...read more

Designed and implemented a real-time data pipeline for processing and analyzing user behavior data.

• Used Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming

• Utilized Apache Spark for data processing and analysis

• Implemented data transformations and aggregations using Scala

• Stored processed data in a data warehouse like Amazon Redshift

• Built monitoring and alerting systems to ensure data pipeline reliability

Append to adds an element to a list while append to map adds a key-value pair to a map.

• Append to is used for lists while append to map is used for maps.

• Append to adds an element to the end of the list while append to map adds a key-value pair to the map.

• Append to map can also update the value of an existing key in the map.

Queue processor manages tasks in a queue while job scheduler schedules tasks based on time or event triggers.

• Queue processor manages tasks in a queue and processes them in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order.

• Job scheduler schedules tasks based on time or event triggers, and can prioritize tasks based on their importance.

• Queue processor is typically used for real-time processing of tasks, while job scheduler is used for batch processing.

• Examples of queue processors include Rabb...read more

Blocked rules are carry forward to ensure consistency and prevent errors in future processing.

• Blocked rules are rules that have been prevented from executing due to certain conditions not being met.

• These rules are carried forward to ensure that they are not missed in future processing.

• This helps to maintain consistency and prevent errors in the system.

• For example, if a rule is blocked due to a missing data field, it will be carried forward until the missing field is filled in...read more

Superclass data transform checkbox is used to inherit data transform rules from a parent class.

• When checked, the subclass will inherit the data transform rules from the superclass

• This can save time and effort in creating duplicate data transform rules

• Example: A superclass has a data transform rule to convert a date format, when the checkbox is checked in a subclass, it will also use the same rule

• This checkbox is available in Pega platform for software development

NoSQL is better for handling unstructured data, providing scalability and flexibility.

• NoSQL databases are better suited for handling unstructured data like social media posts, user-generated content, and IoT data.

• NoSQL databases provide better scalability as they can easily distribute data across multiple servers, allowing for horizontal scaling.

• NoSQL databases offer more flexibility in terms of data model, allowing for schema-less design and easier adaptation to changing dat...read more

Yes, I am ready to do OT.

• I am willing to work overtime as required.

• I understand the importance of completing tasks and meeting deadlines.

• I have previous experience working extra hours when necessary.

• I am flexible and adaptable to changing work schedules.

• I am committed to providing quality work and ensuring accuracy in medical coding.

Guidelines for diabetes include monitoring blood sugar levels, managing diet and exercise, and taking prescribed medications.

• Regularly monitor blood sugar levels to ensure they are within the target range.

• Follow a healthy diet that is low in sugar and carbohydrates.

• Engage in regular physical activity to help control blood sugar levels.

• Take prescribed medications as directed by healthcare professionals.

• Educate oneself about diabetes management and seek support from healthcare ...read more

HCC types refer to Hierarchical Condition Categories used in risk adjustment for Medicare Advantage plans.

• HCCs are used to predict healthcare costs and adjust payments based on the health status of patients.

• There are different types of HCCs such as chronic, acute, and dual eligible.

• Examples of HCCs include diabetes, heart failure, and end-stage renal disease.

Privileges are permissions granted to users or processes to perform specific actions or access certain resources.

• Privileges are used to control access to sensitive data or critical system resources.

• They can be assigned to individual users or groups.

• Examples include read, write, execute, and delete permissions.

• Privileges can also be used to restrict access to certain functions or features within an application.

• Without proper privileges, users may not be able to perform necessa...read more

ICD systems are used to classify diseases and medical conditions for coding and billing purposes.

• ICD-10 is the current system used worldwide for coding diagnoses and procedures.

• ICD-10-CM is used for diagnosis coding in the United States.

• ICD-10-PCS is used for procedure coding in the United States.

• ICD-11 is the upcoming version of the system, expected to be implemented in the future.

Developed a web application for tracking and managing project tasks

• Used React.js for front-end development

• Implemented RESTful APIs using Node.js and Express

• Utilized MongoDB for database management

• Incorporated authentication and authorization features for user security

Closures in JavaScript are functions that have access to variables from their outer scope even after the outer function has finished executing.

• Closures allow for maintaining state in an asynchronous environment.

• They are created whenever a function is defined within another function.

• Closures can be used to create private variables and functions in JavaScript.

Debouncing is a technique used to limit the rate at which a function is called.

• Use a timer to delay the execution of a function until a certain amount of time has passed without the function being called again.

• Reset the timer each time the function is called to prevent it from being executed multiple times in quick succession.

• Debouncing is commonly used in scenarios like handling button clicks to prevent multiple rapid clicks from triggering the function multiple times.

Rest API is used for communication between different systems over the internet.

• Allows systems to interact and exchange data

• Enables integration between different applications

• Used for building web services and APIs

• Commonly used in mobile app development

The layers of skin are epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The human body has various systems including the urinary system.

• Layers of skin: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

• Systems in the human body: urinary system, respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, etc.

• Urinary system: responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine

• Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

• Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

• Heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body and oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

• Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood back to the heart

• Capillaries allow for exchange of nutrients and waste products between blood and tissues

To swap 2 adjacent elements of a linked list, update the pointers accordingly.

• Create a temporary pointer to store the address of the next node of the first element

• Update the next pointer of the first element to point to the node after the next node

• Update the next pointer of the temporary pointer to point to the first element

• Update the next pointer of the node before the first element to point to the temporary pointer

I chose medical coding because of my interest in healthcare, attention to detail, and desire for a career with growth opportunities.

• Passion for healthcare industry

• Strong attention to detail

• Opportunity for career growth and advancement

• Interest in working behind the scenes in healthcare

• Enjoy problem-solving and analytical tasks

The human body system consists of various organs and tissues that work together to perform specific functions. Bones are the rigid organs that make up the skeletal system.

• The human body system is made up of 11 major organ systems, including the skeletal system.

• Bones provide structure, support, and protection for the body.

• There are 206 bones in the adult human body, with variations in number among individuals.

• Examples of bones include the femur (thigh bone), skull, ribs, and v...read more

Alpha cells secrete glucagon to increase blood sugar levels, while beta cells secrete insulin to decrease blood sugar levels.

• Alpha cells produce glucagon which raises blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release glucose.

• Beta cells produce insulin which lowers blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in glucose for energy.

• Imbalance in alpha and beta cell function can lead to conditions like diabetes.

• Both alpha and beta cells are located in the Islets of Langerhan...read more

Working timing is typically 40 hours per week with cab facility and insurance benefits.

• The standard working hours for medical coders is 40 hours per week.

• Many companies offer cab facilities for their employees to commute to work.

• Medical coders are eligible for insurance benefits such as health, dental, and vision.

• Some companies may offer flexible working hours or work from home options.

• Overtime may be required during peak periods or to meet deadlines.

The Fibonacci program generates the Fibonacci sequence. Quick sort has a complexity of O(n log n).

• The Fibonacci program can be implemented using recursion or iteration.

• Quick sort has an average and best case complexity of O(n log n), but worst case complexity of O(n^2).

• I would prefer quick sort for its efficiency in most cases.

Yes, inheritance can be used in classes used by CSS.

• Inheritance in CSS allows properties to be inherited by child elements from their parent elements.

• This can be achieved using the 'inherit' keyword in CSS.

• For example, if a parent element has a font color of red, child elements can inherit this color unless explicitly overridden.

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve problems

• It involves concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation

• Example: In a banking system, you can have classes like Account, Customer, and Transaction, each with their own properties and methods

UnitedHealthcare is a health insurance company that offers a variety of health plans and services.

• One of the largest health insurance providers in the United States

• Offers a range of health plans including Medicare, Medicaid, and employer-sponsored plans

• Provides access to a network of healthcare providers and facilities

• Offers additional services such as wellness programs and telemedicine options

Health insurance policies provide coverage for medical expenses and treatments.

• Health insurance policies vary in coverage and cost

• Some policies may have deductibles or copays

• Insurance companies may have preferred providers or networks

• Policies may cover preventative care, prescription drugs, and hospitalization

• Examples of health insurance companies include Blue Cross Blue Shield, Aetna, and UnitedHealthcare

Object-oriented programming concepts that help in organizing and structuring code.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods together in a class

• Inheritance: creating new classes from existing ones

• Polymorphism: using a single interface to represent different types

• Abstraction: hiding unnecessary details and exposing only essential features

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood, oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.

• Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

• Heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs

• Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart

• Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for exchange of nutrients and waste

• Blood carries oxygen, nu...read more

Optum values innovation, collaboration, integrity, and compassion in their work culture.

• Optum values innovation by constantly seeking new ways to improve healthcare services.

• Collaboration is important at Optum as teams work together to achieve common goals.

• Integrity is a core value at Optum, ensuring honesty and ethical behavior in all aspects of their work.

• Compassion is shown through a focus on improving patient outcomes and overall healthcare experiences.

Respiration is the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.

• Respiration is a vital process for all living organisms.

• It involves the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment.

• In humans, respiration occurs in the lungs where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled.

• Respiration can also refer to cellular respiration, which is the process of converting glucose into energy within cells.