20+ TCS Interview Questions and Answers

Real-time examples of OOP concepts include inheritance in vehicle classes, encapsulation in banking systems, and polymorphism in shape classes.

• Inheritance: Car and Bike classes inheriting from Vehicle class

• Encapsulation: BankAccount class with private variables and public methods

• Polymorphism: Circle and Square classes both inheriting from Shape class

The best sorting algorithm is QuickSort due to its average case time complexity of O(nlogn) and low memory usage.

• QuickSort is a divide and conquer algorithm that recursively partitions the array into smaller subarrays and sorts them.

• It has an average case time complexity of O(nlogn) and a worst case time complexity of O(n^2).

• QuickSort has low memory usage as it sorts the array in place, without requiring additional memory.

• It is widely used in practice due to its efficiency an...read more

To find the middle of a linked list, use the slow and fast pointer technique.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, both pointing to the head of the linked list.

• Move the slow pointer by one step and the fast pointer by two steps until the fast pointer reaches the end of the list.

• The position of the slow pointer will be the middle of the linked list.

Use Floyd's Cycle Detection Algorithm to detect loop in a Linked list.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, at the head of the linked list.

• Move slow pointer by one step and fast pointer by two steps.

• If they meet at any point, there is a loop in the linked list.

To test g pay as a product manager, I would conduct usability testing, security testing, performance testing, and compatibility testing.

• Conduct usability testing to ensure the app is user-friendly and intuitive.

• Perform security testing to identify and fix any vulnerabilities in the payment system.

• Conduct performance testing to ensure the app can handle a high volume of transactions without crashing.

• Test compatibility with different devices, operating systems, and browsers to ...read more

Direct finance lease is a type of lease where the lessee takes ownership of the asset at the end of the lease term, while operating lease is a type of lease where the lessor retains ownership of the asset.

• Direct finance lease is also known as capital lease.

• In direct finance lease, the lessee is responsible for maintenance and insurance of the asset.

• Operating lease is also known as service lease.

• In operating lease, the lessor is responsible for maintenance and insurance of the...read more

Operating lease is a short-term lease where the lessor retains ownership of the asset, while a sales lease is a long-term lease where the lessee has the option to purchase the asset at the end of the lease term.

• Operating lease is typically short-term, while sales lease is long-term.

• In operating lease, the lessor retains ownership of the asset, while in sales lease, the lessee has the option to purchase the asset at the end of the lease term.

• Operating lease is more like rentin...read more

Stack and queue are data structures used to store and retrieve data in a specific order.

• Stack: undo/redo functionality in text editors, back button in web browsers

• Queue: printing jobs in a printer, waiting list for a ride at an amusement park

Designing API involves defining endpoints, data formats, authentication, and documentation.

• Identify the purpose and functionality of the API

• Define the endpoints and methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

• Choose data formats (JSON, XML) and parameters

• Implement authentication and authorization mechanisms

• Document the API including usage examples and error codes

The C program for the Programming test involves solving a specific problem using the C programming language.

• The program likely includes functions, loops, and conditional statements to solve the problem.

• It may involve working with arrays, strings, or other data structures.

• Error handling and input validation are important aspects of the program.

• Example: Implementing a sorting algorithm in C to sort an array of integers.

Authentication process is the verification of a user's identity before granting access to a system.

• User provides credentials (username, password, etc.)

• Credentials are verified by the system

• If credentials are valid, user is granted access

• Common authentication methods include username/password, biometrics, tokens, etc.

Different types of leases include operating leases, finance leases, and sales and leaseback arrangements.

• Operating leases are short-term leases where the lessor retains ownership of the asset.

• Finance leases are long-term leases where the lessee assumes most of the risks and rewards of ownership.

• Sales and leaseback arrangements involve selling an asset to a lessor and then leasing it back.

• Other types of leases include direct financing leases, leveraged leases, and synthetic le...read more

Rank function is used to assign a rank to each row within a result set based on specified criteria.

• Rank function is commonly used in SQL queries to order and rank data.

• It assigns a unique rank to each row based on the specified criteria.

• The rank of a row is determined by its position in the ordered result set.

• If two rows have the same values, they will be assigned the same rank.

• The next rank will be skipped if there are ties.

• Rank function is often used in scenarios like leade...read more

Sure, here's a Hindi joke: एक बार एक चिड़िया ने कहा, 'मुझे तो आज भी यकीन नहीं हो रहा कि मैं एक चिड़िया हूँ!'

• Why did the tomato turn red? Because it saw the salad dressing!

• What did one wall say to the other wall? I'll meet you at the corner!

• Why couldn't the bicycle stand up by itself? Because it was two tired!

Dependency Injection is a design pattern that allows objects to receive dependencies rather than creating them internally.

• Dependency Injection is a way to achieve loose coupling between objects.

• It allows for easier testing and maintenance of code.

• There are three types of Dependency Injection: Constructor Injection, Setter Injection, and Interface Injection.

• Example: Instead of creating a database connection object inside a class, the object is passed as a parameter to the clas...read more

True Caller is a caller identification app that helps users identify unknown callers and block spam calls.

• Develop a database to store phone numbers and associated user information

• Implement a search feature to look up phone numbers and display caller information

• Integrate with telecom providers to access real-time call data

• Implement a spam detection algorithm to identify and block spam calls

• Allow users to report and block unwanted callers

• Ensure data privacy and security measure...read more

An object is a data structure that contains properties and methods.

• An object is an instance of a class or a data structure that encapsulates data and behavior.

• Objects have properties, which are variables that hold values, and methods, which are functions that perform actions.

• Objects can be created using classes or object literals.

• Example: In JavaScript, an object can be created using the object literal syntax: { name: 'John', age: 25 }

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming, a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOP focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are key principles of OOP.

• Examples of OOP languages include Java, C++, and Python.

The 8085 is a microprocessor introduced by Intel in 1976.

• It is an 8-bit microprocessor.

• It has a 16-bit address bus and can address up to 64 KB of memory.

• It operates at a clock speed of 3 MHz.

• It has a total of 74 instructions.

• It is widely used in embedded systems and educational purposes.

Designing an ATM system

• Identify the main components of the ATM system: ATM machine, bank server, network

• Define the functionalities of the ATM system: cash withdrawal, balance inquiry, fund transfer, etc.

• Consider security measures such as PIN verification, card authentication, and encryption

• Design the user interface for easy navigation and accessibility

• Ensure reliability and availability of the system by implementing backup and recovery mechanisms

• Integrate with banking systems...read more

Finding words in a string using array of strings

• Split the string into words using a delimiter like space

• Iterate through the words to find the desired words

• Store the found words in an array of strings