Morningstar Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What is difference between @primary and @Qualifier?
Ans. 
Primary is used to define a primary bean when multiple beans of the same type are present, while Qualifier is used to specify which bean to autowire when multiple beans of the same type are present.
• Primary annotation is used to give a higher preference to a bean when multiple beans of the same type are present in the Spring application context.

• Qualifier annotation is used to specify which bean to autowire when multiple...read more
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Q2. How we can handle fault tolerance in Microservices?
Ans. 
Fault tolerance in Microservices can be achieved through redundancy, graceful degradation, and circuit breakers.
• Implementing redundancy by having multiple instances of each microservice running to handle failures.

• Using graceful degradation to ensure that the system can still function even if certain microservices are unavailable.

• Utilizing circuit breakers to prevent cascading failures by temporarily stopping requests t
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Q3. How to implement spring security?
Ans. 
Implementing Spring Security involves configuring security settings in the Spring application.
• Add Spring Security dependency in pom.xml

• Configure security settings in SecurityConfig class

• Define user roles and permissions

• Use annotations like @EnableWebSecurity and @Secured
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Q4. Explain OAuth 2 implementation?
Ans. 
OAuth 2 is an authorization framework that allows a third-party application to obtain limited access to an HTTP service.
• OAuth 2 is used for delegated access, allowing a user to grant a third-party application access to their resources without sharing their credentials.

• It involves the use of access tokens, which are issued by the authorization server after the user authenticates and authorizes the application.

• OAuth 2 su...read more
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Q1. Memory management in Java ?
Ans. 
Java uses automatic memory management through garbage collection to allocate and deallocate memory.
• Java uses garbage collection to automatically manage memory by deallocating objects that are no longer needed.

• The JVM has a heap where objects are allocated and garbage collection is performed to reclaim memory.

• Java provides the 'finalize()' method for objects to perform cleanup before they are garbage collected.

• Memory le...read more
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Q2. Different types of gc?
Ans. 
Different types of garbage collection algorithms in software development.
• Mark and Sweep: Identifies and removes unreachable objects.

• Generational: Divides objects into different generations based on age.

• Parallel: Uses multiple threads to perform garbage collection concurrently.

• Incremental: Spreads garbage collection work over multiple cycles to reduce pause times.
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Q3. Difference between executors &executorservice?
Ans. 
Executors are a class that provides factory and utility methods for Executor, ExecutorService is an interface that represents an asynchronous execution service.
• Executors class provides factory and utility methods for Executor interface

• ExecutorService is an interface that represents an asynchronous execution service

• ExecutorService extends Executor interface

• ExecutorService provides methods to manage termination and produ...read more
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Q1. This was based on my previous exp in the cloud and the services I have worked with.
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Financial statement, equity capital structure, EPS, WASO

Q1. What is EPS and WASO, market cap.
Ans. 
EPS stands for Earnings Per Share, WASO stands for Weighted Average Shares Outstanding, and market cap is the total value of a company's outstanding shares.
• EPS is a financial metric that represents the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.

• WASO is the number of shares a company has issued and is used to calculate EPS.

• Market cap is calculated by multiplying a company's current...read more
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Q2. What is Bond and its importance?
Ans. 
A bond is a fixed income investment where an investor loans money to an entity which borrows the funds for a defined period of time at a variable or fixed interest rate.
• Bonds are issued by governments, municipalities, corporations, and other entities to raise capital.

• Investors purchase bonds as a way to earn interest income while preserving capital.

• The importance of bonds lies in their role as a source of funding for o...read more
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Q3. What is Goodwill and where its reported?
Ans. 
Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of a company's net assets.
• Goodwill is reported on the balance sheet as a non-current asset.

• It is not amortized but tested for impairment annually.

• Goodwill can arise from acquisitions of other companies or from internal business development.

• If the fair market value of the acquired company's net assets is higher th...read more
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Q1. Are you comfortable in all shift?
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This round consisted of 4 sections:
1) Data extraction - A passage is provided relating to finance world and questions are asked based on it, pretty easy if you read attentively.
2) Typing test - Again easy, plenty time to type.
3) Quants/Verbal Reasoning - About 15 qs, Basic percentages,averages, P&L, Logical reasoning is also straightforward.
4) General knowledge - Rudimentary terms about finance such as NAV,IPO etc. Apart from this a few GK qs were asked.

Plenty time is given, just stay calm and attempt as much as possible.

Q1. Who is your inspiration?
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Q2. How do you handle stress?
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