Microsoft Corporation
10+ DAK HEALTHCARE CONSULTANCY Interview Questions and Answers
Q1. Design elevators - How would you design how elevators work. How do you add different roles etc.
Designing elevators and adding different roles.
Design a system that can handle multiple elevators and floors
Implement a scheduling algorithm to optimize elevator usage
Add roles such as maintenance, emergency, and security
Incorporate safety features such as emergency stop buttons and sensors
Consider accessibility for individuals with disabilities
Q2. Given preorder and postorder traversal of a binary tree. Construct a binary tree and return inorder traversal.
Construct binary tree from preorder and postorder traversal and return inorder traversal.
Create a root node with the first element of preorder traversal
Find the index of root node in postorder traversal
Divide the preorder and postorder traversals into left and right subtrees
Recursively construct left and right subtrees
Return inorder traversal of the constructed binary tree
Q3. Given two strings return true if both are anagrams of each other
Check if two strings are anagrams of each other
Create a character frequency map for both strings
Compare the maps to check if they are equal
Q4. Design an algorithm to write content to a screen
Algorithm to write content to a screen
Determine the type of content to be displayed
Choose an appropriate font and font size
Define the layout and positioning of the content
Implement the algorithm to display the content on the screen
Q5. Find a free IP range in an infinite pool of reserve IPs
To find a free IP range in an infinite pool of reserve IPs, we can iterate through the pool and check for available ranges.
Iterate through the pool of reserve IPs
Check for consecutive available IPs to form a range
Return the first free IP range found
Q6. Implement Hashmap- Complete understanding of add, remove methods
Hashmap implementation with add and remove methods
Hashmap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs
Add method adds a key-value pair to the hashmap
Remove method removes a key-value pair from the hashmap
Hash collision can occur when two keys have the same hash value
In case of collision, separate chaining or open addressing can be used
Q7. Given a tree, connect it horizontally.
Connect nodes at the same level of a binary tree horizontally.
Use a queue to traverse the tree level by level.
For each level, connect the nodes in the queue from left to right.
Set the right pointer of each node to the next node in the queue.
Set the right pointer of the last node in the level to null.
Q8. Implement trie in vanilla javascript with a UI problem of creating, deleting nested HTML element
Implement trie in vanilla javascript with a UI problem of creating, deleting nested HTML element
Create a Trie class with methods for inserting and searching words
Implement a UI with buttons to create and delete nested HTML elements
Use event listeners to handle user interactions
Update the UI dynamically based on trie operations
Q9. Design an Elastic Load balancer
An Elastic Load Balancer distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets to ensure high availability and scalability.
Choose the appropriate load balancer type (Application, Network, Classic)
Configure health checks to ensure traffic is only sent to healthy targets
Set up auto scaling groups to automatically add or remove targets based on traffic
Use security groups to control access to the load balancer and targets
Consider using SSL/TLS encryption for secure traffic
Monitor ...read more
Q10. Explain the tech stack, pros and cons
The tech stack includes Java, Spring Boot, React, and MySQL. Pros include robustness and scalability, cons include potential performance issues.
Tech stack: Java, Spring Boot, React, MySQL
Pros: Robustness, scalability
Cons: Potential performance issues
Q11. Print the content of a spiral matrix
Print the content of a spiral matrix
Create a 2D array to represent the matrix
Use four variables to keep track of boundaries (top, bottom, left, right)
Iterate through the matrix in a spiral pattern, printing each element as you go
Q12. LLD for a distributed cache service.
LLD for a distributed cache service involves designing the architecture, data flow, and communication protocols.
Design a scalable architecture with multiple nodes for storing and retrieving data.
Implement data partitioning to distribute data across nodes efficiently.
Define communication protocols for nodes to coordinate and synchronize data.
Include mechanisms for data replication and consistency across nodes.
Consider fault tolerance and recovery strategies in case of node fai...read more
Q13. Find element in rotated sorted array
Search for an element in a rotated sorted array
Use binary search to find the pivot point where the array is rotated
Determine which half of the array to search based on the target value and the pivot point
Continue binary search in the selected half to find the target element
Q14. Design Memory Management system
Design a memory management system for efficient allocation and deallocation of memory in software applications.
Implement a memory pool to pre-allocate a fixed amount of memory for frequent allocation and deallocation operations.
Use garbage collection to automatically reclaim memory that is no longer in use.
Implement memory segmentation to divide memory into different segments for better organization and management.
Use smart pointers in C++ to automatically manage memory alloc...read more
Q15. Design a generic notification system.
Design a generic notification system.
Define different types of notifications (email, SMS, push notifications)
Implement a way to schedule notifications
Allow users to customize notification preferences
Include a logging system to track sent notifications
Consider security measures to protect user data
Q16. Design Instagram feed
Designing Instagram feed involves displaying user's photos and videos in a visually appealing and user-friendly manner.
Display user's posts in a grid layout with images/videos and captions
Allow users to like, comment, and share posts
Implement infinite scrolling to load more posts as user scrolls down
Include a search bar to search for specific users or hashtags
Q17. Design a parking lot
Design a parking lot with multiple levels and automated ticketing system
Include multiple levels for parking spaces
Implement automated ticketing system for entry and exit
Utilize sensors to detect available parking spots
Incorporate payment options for customers
Provide security measures such as CCTV cameras and alarms
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