Law Firms Intern Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

It was regarding the case study of Punjab National Bank and pnbmetlife.

It was regarding basic financial knowledge.

I had a very good experience.

Verbal and logical reasoning questions.

Data structures and algorithms questions and others.

Give the string and array related questions

Q1. Basic Introduction
Ans. Start with your name, family details in short, educational details then your current working Role & Responsibility
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Q2. Company 5s policy and
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Q1. Welding specially MIG & Spot
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Q2. Difference between mig & spot consumables, Types of welding machines Basic welding parameters.
Ans. 
MIG consumables are used in MIG welding for continuous wire feeding, while spot consumables are used in spot welding for localized heat application.
• MIG consumables are used in MIG welding for continuous wire feeding

• Spot consumables are used in spot welding for localized heat application

• Types of welding machines include MIG, TIG, stick, and spot welders

• Basic welding parameters include voltage, current, wire feed speed,
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Q3. KPI's, Achivement & cost savings
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Q4. Type of welding Machines Robotic knowledge like Mastring and Trobushooting
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Q1. What was your experience with the online assessment?
Ans. 
The online assessment was a comprehensive evaluation of my coding skills and problem-solving abilities.
• The assessment included multiple coding challenges that tested my algorithmic thinking.

• I encountered a mix of data structure problems, such as implementing a binary tree traversal.

• Time management was crucial; I had to prioritize which problems to tackle first.

• I appreciated the instant feedback on my submissions, which
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Q2. What does a daily progress report entail?
Ans. 
A daily progress report summarizes tasks completed, challenges faced, and plans for the next day in a software engineering context.
• Summary of tasks completed: e.g., 'Implemented user authentication feature.'

• Challenges faced: e.g., 'Encountered issues with API integration.'

• Plans for the next day: e.g., 'Work on unit testing for the new feature.'

• Team collaboration updates: e.g., 'Collaborated with the design team on UI i...read more
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Q1. How does hash table work?.
Ans. 
A hash table stores key-value pairs for efficient data retrieval using a hash function to compute an index.
• Uses a hash function to convert keys into array indices.

• Handles collisions using methods like chaining or open addressing.

• Example: Inserting key 'apple' might hash to index 3, storing value 'fruit'.

• Average time complexity for search, insert, and delete is O(1).

• Resizing may occur when the load factor exceeds a cert
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Q2. Difference between multithreading and multiprocessing.
Ans. 
Multithreading uses multiple threads within a single process, while multiprocessing uses multiple processes for parallel execution.
• Multithreading shares the same memory space, making it lightweight and faster for communication.

• Multiprocessing has separate memory spaces, which can lead to better stability and isolation.

• Example of multithreading: A web server handling multiple requests simultaneously.

• Example of multiproc...read more
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First round was based on logical questions and was taken on hacker earth

Q1. First question was based on rotating a matrix by 90 degrees
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Q1. Explain the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList in Java. When would you choose one over the other?
Ans. 
ArrayList uses a dynamic array for storage, while LinkedList uses a doubly linked list structure.
• ArrayList provides fast random access (O(1)) but slow insertions/deletions (O(n)). Example: accessing elements by index.

• LinkedList allows fast insertions/deletions (O(1)) but slower random access (O(n)). Example: adding/removing elements at the beginning.

• ArrayList is preferred when you need frequent access to elements and f...read more
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Q2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Java’s synchronized keyword for thread synchronization? Can you explain how the ReentrantLock compares to synchronized?
Ans. 
Java's synchronized keyword offers thread safety but has limitations compared to ReentrantLock.
• Advantages of synchronized: Simple to use and understand.

• Disadvantages of synchronized: Can lead to thread contention and performance issues.

• ReentrantLock allows more flexibility, such as tryLock() and timed lock attempts.

• ReentrantLock supports fairness policies, which can help avoid starvation.

• Synchronized blocks are tied to...read more
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Q3. What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java? When should each be used, and what issues can arise from improper usage?
Ans. 
In Java, '==' checks reference equality, while '.equals()' checks value equality. Use them appropriately to avoid bugs.
• == compares object references, checking if two references point to the same object in memory.

• Example: String a = new String('test'); String b = new String('test'); a == b returns false.

• .equals() compares the actual content of the objects, checking if they are logically equivalent.

• Example: a.equals(b) r...read more
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Q4. How does the Java garbage collector work? Can you describe the different types of garbage collection algorithms available in Java?
Ans. 
Java's garbage collector automatically manages memory by reclaiming unused objects, improving performance and preventing memory leaks.
• Java uses automatic garbage collection to manage memory, freeing developers from manual memory management.

• The main garbage collection algorithms in Java include: Serial GC, Parallel GC, Concurrent Mark-Sweep (CMS), and G1 GC.

• Serial GC is a simple, single-threaded collector suitable for s...read more
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Q5. What are the main features of Java 8? Can you explain how lambdas and the Stream API have changed the way Java applications are written?
Ans. 
Java 8 introduced lambdas, Stream API, and other features that enhance functional programming and simplify code.
• Lambdas: Enable concise representation of functional interfaces. Example: (x, y) -> x + y.

• Stream API: Facilitates functional-style operations on collections. Example: list.stream().filter(x -> x > 10).collect(Collectors.toList()).

• Default Methods: Allow adding new methods to interfaces without breakin...read more
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Q6. Describe the differences between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java. Provide examples and explain how to handle them properly.
Ans. 
Checked exceptions must be handled or declared, while unchecked exceptions do not require explicit handling.
• Checked exceptions are subclasses of Exception (excluding RuntimeException). Example: IOException.

• Unchecked exceptions are subclasses of RuntimeException. Example: NullPointerException.

• Checked exceptions must be either caught using try-catch or declared in the method signature with throws.

• Unchecked exceptions can...read more
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Q7. What is the Java Memory Model, and how does it affect multithreading and synchronization? How does volatile help ensure memory visibility?
Ans. 
The Java Memory Model defines how threads interact through memory, ensuring visibility and ordering of shared variables.
• The Java Memory Model (JMM) specifies how threads interact through memory and what behaviors are allowed.

• It defines rules for visibility, atomicity, and ordering of operations in a multithreaded environment.

• Without proper synchronization, threads may see stale data due to caching or compiler optimizat...read more
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Q8. Can you explain the difference between method overloading and method overriding in Java? Provide examples where each should be used.
Ans. 
Method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameters; overriding replaces a superclass method in a subclass.
• Method Overloading: Same method name, different parameters (type, number, or both).

• Example of Overloading: 'int add(int a, int b)' and 'double add(double a, double b)'.

• Use Overloading for convenience and readability when methods perform similar functions.

• Method Overriding: Redefi...read more
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