100+ Summer Intern Interview Questions and Answers

Minimum number of persons required to find the poisoned milk bottle out of 8 bottles within 24 hours.

• Divide the bottles into groups of 3 and label them A, B, C.

• Give each person a different combination of groups to taste.

• If someone dies, the poisoned bottle is in that group.

• If no one dies, the poisoned bottle is in group D.

• Repeat the process with the bottles in the identified group.

Bid slightly less than the total amount in the other wallet to maximize profit.

• Find out the maximum amount you can bid without going over the total amount in the other wallet.

• Consider the number of bidders and their potential bids.

• Factor in the possibility of the other wallet having less money than your lost wallet.

• Example: If there are 10 bidders and the other wallet has at least 500 rupees, bid around 450-475 rupees.

• Example: If there are only 2 bidders and the other wallet ...read more

To find a missing number from 1 to 100 with O(1) time complexity.

• Use the formula n(n+1)/2 to find the sum of numbers from 1 to 100.

• Subtract the sum of given numbers from the sum of all numbers to find the missing number.

• Use a hash table to keep track of the given numbers and check for missing numbers in O(1) time.

Guesstimate the number of street lights required and expected profit for installing street lights in Lucknow.

• Conduct a survey to determine the number of streets in Lucknow

• Estimate the length of each street and the number of street lights required per km

• Calculate the total number of street lights required and the cost of installation

• Determine the profit margin based on the contract amount and installation cost

• Consider maintenance and operational costs in profit estimation

The engineer rotated the fan with a stick to overcome the initial friction and kickstart the motor.

• The fan may have been stuck due to lack of use or dust accumulation

• Rotating the fan manually helps overcome the initial friction and kickstarts the motor

• This method is a temporary fix and the fan may need further maintenance or repair

To increase reach of SBI's digital banking products, I will use various marketing tools such as social media, email marketing, and targeted advertising.

• Create engaging social media content to showcase the benefits of digital banking

• Send personalized email campaigns to existing customers promoting digital banking products

• Utilize targeted advertising on platforms such as Google and Facebook to reach potential customers

• Partner with influencers or bloggers to promote SBI's digita...read more

We will convince potential customers to open an account in this bank by highlighting our competitive interest rates, personalized customer service, and innovative digital banking solutions.

• Emphasize competitive interest rates to attract customers looking for better returns on their savings.

• Highlight personalized customer service to build trust and establish long-term relationships with customers.

• Showcase innovative digital banking solutions to appeal to tech-savvy customers w...read more

Valuation for a bank involves using various ratios to assess its financial health and performance.

• Valuation for a bank typically involves analyzing its financial statements and using ratios to assess its financial health and performance.

• Some commonly used ratios for bank valuation include the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net interest margin (NIM).

• The P/E ratio helps determine the market value of a bank relative to its earn...read more

Apart from programming and studies, I enjoy playing sports, reading books, and volunteering.

• Playing sports: I am an avid basketball player and participate in local leagues.

• Reading books: I love reading fiction novels and self-help books to expand my knowledge.

• Volunteering: I actively volunteer at a local animal shelter, helping with animal care and adoption events.

Count permutations with at least k positions having arr[i]=i

• Calculate number of permutations with exactly k positions having arr[i]=i

• Calculate number of permutations with exactly k+1 positions having arr[i]=i

• Subtract the above two values to get the final answer

Analysis of life insurance, general insurance, and fire and damage insurance with inputs on mode of delivery and role of brokers/agents.

• Life insurance provides financial protection to the family of the insured in case of death.

• General insurance covers non-life assets like health, travel, motor, etc.

• Fire and damage insurance covers loss or damage to property due to fire, natural calamities, etc.

• Online mode of delivery is not very feasible in India due to low internet penetrati...read more

JP Morgan is known for its global presence, diverse range of services, and innovative technology.

• JP Morgan has a strong global presence with operations in over 100 countries.

• They offer a diverse range of financial services including investment banking, asset management, and commercial banking.

• JP Morgan is known for its innovative technology, such as their blockchain platform Quorum.

• They have a strong reputation for risk management and compliance.

• JP Morgan has a focus on susta...read more

Roadside plantation is done along the sides of roads while normal plantation is done in fields or forests.

• Roadside plantation is done for aesthetic purposes and to prevent soil erosion.

• Normal plantation is done for commercial purposes like timber or fruit production.

• Roadside plantation requires regular maintenance to ensure safety for drivers and pedestrians.

• Normal plantation requires less maintenance as it is done in a controlled environment.

• Roadside plantation may also incl...read more

The relevant elements to consider in ascertaining the cost of creating a quote by an IT company

• Scope of the project

• Complexity of the requirements

• Labor costs

• Technology and tools required

• Timeframe for completion

• Overhead expenses

• Profit margin

• Competitor pricing

• Client's budget constraints

Toxic fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger goes into the tube side.

• Toxic fluid is typically directed into the tubes of the heat exchanger.

• This is done to prevent contamination of the environment or other fluids in the system.

• Examples include chemical processing plants where toxic fluids need to be cooled or heated efficiently.

Applying DC voltage on a transformer will cause no current to flow through the transformer due to the absence of changing magnetic field.

• Applying DC voltage on a transformer will not induce any current flow as there is no changing magnetic field to create electromagnetic induction.

• The transformer will not be able to step up or step down the voltage as it requires alternating current to work properly.

• The transformer may experience saturation due to the constant magnetic field,...read more

Emergency measures for a leading cement manufacturer facing declining profits and decreasing prices.

• Reduce production to match demand

• Cut down on operational costs

• Explore new markets and diversify product range

• Offer discounts and promotions to increase sales

• Negotiate with suppliers for better prices on raw materials

• Invest in research and development to improve product quality and efficiency

Factors to determine customer satisfaction with bank services

• Customer feedback and surveys

• Number of complaints and their resolution

• Response time to customer queries and issues

• Availability of multiple channels for customer support

• Ease of use and convenience of banking services

• Competitive interest rates and fees

• Personalized and tailored banking experience

• Transparency in transactions and account information

• Security measures and protection against fraud

• Efficiency in processing tr...read more

We can inspire people to grow atleast one plant by educating them about the benefits of plants and providing easy-to-follow instructions.

• Highlight the benefits of plants such as improving air quality, reducing stress, and providing fresh produce

• Provide easy-to-follow instructions on how to grow a plant, including the right soil, watering schedule, and sunlight requirements

• Offer incentives such as free seeds or discounts on gardening supplies

• Create a community around plant gro...read more

To develop a marketing campaign, I would conduct market research, set clear objectives, identify target audience, create compelling content, choose appropriate channels, and measure campaign effectiveness.

• Conduct market research to understand the target market, competitors, and industry trends.

• Set clear objectives for the campaign, such as increasing brand awareness or driving sales.

• Identify the target audience and create buyer personas to tailor the campaign messaging.

• Create...read more

The bank's pricing strategy lacks transparency and flexibility, which can be improved by implementing tiered pricing and offering personalized packages.

• Lack of transparency in pricing: The bank should provide clear and easily understandable pricing information to customers.

• Lack of flexibility in pricing: The bank should offer different pricing options to cater to the diverse needs of customers.

• Implement tiered pricing: Introduce different pricing tiers based on customer segme...read more

Bank accounts can be classified into various types based on their features and usage.

• Savings account - for individuals to save money and earn interest

• Current account - for businesses to carry out transactions

• Fixed deposit account - for long-term savings with higher interest rates

• Recurring deposit account - for regular savings with fixed monthly deposits

• NRI account - for non-resident Indians to manage their finances in India

• Joint account - for two or more individuals to share ...read more

Types of loans include personal, home, auto, student, and business loans. Digitalisation has made banking more convenient and accessible for consumers.

• Personal loans are unsecured loans for personal expenses

• Home loans are used to purchase or refinance a home

• Auto loans are used to purchase a vehicle

• Student loans are used to pay for education expenses

• Business loans are used to finance business operations

• Digitalisation has allowed for online banking, mobile banking, and digital ...read more

My blueprint for an Information Security project would involve conducting a thorough risk assessment and implementing appropriate controls.

• Conduct a comprehensive risk assessment to identify potential vulnerabilities

• Develop and implement appropriate security controls to mitigate identified risks

• Regularly monitor and update security measures to ensure continued effectiveness

• Provide training and education to employees on information security best practices

• Perform regular penetr...read more

Key concepts in computer science and data structures commonly evaluated in interviews.

• Data structures: arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs

• Algorithms: sorting algorithms (e.g. quicksort, mergesort), searching algorithms (e.g. binary search), dynamic programming, recursion

• Complexity analysis: time complexity (Big O notation), space complexity

• Object-oriented programming concepts: inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation

• Problem-solving skills: ability to break dow...read more

Marketing is the process of creating awareness and generating interest in a product or service, while selling is the act of directly exchanging goods or services for money.

• Marketing focuses on creating a demand for a product or service through various strategies such as advertising, public relations, and market research.

• Selling involves the actual transaction between the seller and the buyer, where the seller persuades the buyer to purchase the product or service.

• Marketing is...read more

Different speed control methods for IM and their practical implementation.

• The most common method is V/F control.

• Vector control is another method that provides high accuracy and dynamic response.

• Direct torque control is a popular method for high-performance applications.

• Practical implementation involves selecting the appropriate method based on the application requirements and using a suitable motor drive.

• The motor drive should be programmed with the desired control algorithm ...read more

The knee point is the point on the magnetization curve where a small increase in voltage causes a large increase in current. It is desired that transformer operates at knee point for better voltage regulation.

• Knee point is the point on the magnetization curve where the transformer core starts to saturate.

• At the knee point, a small increase in voltage causes a large increase in current, which can lead to overheating and damage to the transformer.

• Operating the transformer at th...read more

The best type of Circuit Breaker for higher voltages is a Gas-insulated Circuit Breaker (GCB) due to its superior insulation properties and ability to handle high voltages.

• Gas-insulated Circuit Breakers (GCBs) are filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas, which has excellent insulating properties.

• GCBs are compact in size and can handle high voltages up to 1100 kV, making them ideal for high voltage applications.

• They are highly reliable and require minimal maintenance compared to o...read more

Communication between subsystems involved using MQTT protocol and WiFi connections.

• Used MQTT protocol for lightweight messaging between devices

• Established WiFi connections for data transfer

• Implemented custom communication protocols for specific tasks

• Utilized serial communication for direct communication between Arduino and RPi

Computer vision advancements include deep learning, object detection, image segmentation, and 3D reconstruction.

• Deep learning techniques have significantly improved object recognition and image classification.

• Object detection algorithms like YOLO (You Only Look Once) and Faster R-CNN have enhanced real-time detection capabilities.

• Image segmentation methods such as U-Net and Mask R-CNN have improved pixel-level understanding of images.

• Advancements in 3D reconstruction techniqu...read more

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.

• The third law of thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system also approaches zero.

• It is impossible to reach absolute zero in practice, but this law helps in understanding the behavior of systems at extremely low temperatures.

• This law is important in the study of phase transitions and the behavior of matter at v...read more

Credit card companies' profitability can be analyzed through various financial metrics.

• Analyze revenue streams such as interest income, interchange fees, and annual fees

• Assess credit risk and default rates

• Evaluate operating expenses and efficiency ratios

• Compare profitability metrics such as return on assets and return on equity

• Consider market share and competition

• Example: American Express reported a net income of $6.9 billion in 2020, with a return on equity of 24.7%.

• Example:...read more

The cost per quote for an IT company is influenced by various cost elements.

• Labor costs: including salaries, benefits, and training for employees involved in the quoting process.

• Software and hardware costs: expenses related to the tools and technology used for generating quotes.

• Infrastructure costs: expenses for maintaining servers, networks, and other IT infrastructure required for the quoting process.

• Marketing and advertising costs: expenses for promoting the company's serv...read more

It depends on the purpose and individual's financial situation.

• Loan is better for long-term investments like buying a house or car.

• Credit is better for short-term expenses like paying bills or emergencies.

• Interest rates and repayment terms should be carefully considered.

• Individual's credit score and financial stability also play a role in decision making.

I would carefully review the balancesheet, identify the mistake, and make the necessary adjustments with proper documentation.

• Review the balancesheet thoroughly to identify the mistake

• Check for any errors in calculations or data entry

• Consult with colleagues or supervisors for assistance if needed

• Make the necessary adjustments with proper documentation to show the correction

• Ensure the balancesheet accurately reflects the financial position of the company

DCF modeling is essential in fixed income product industry for valuing bonds and other securities based on their future cash flows.

• DCF modeling helps in determining the present value of future cash flows from fixed income securities.

• It takes into account factors like interest rates, bond maturity, and credit risk to calculate the fair value of bonds.

• DCF modeling is crucial for pricing bonds, assessing risk, and making investment decisions in the fixed income market.

• It is wide...read more

The spread between government securities and corporate bonds typically varies based on factors such as credit risk, maturity, and market conditions.

• The spread between government securities and corporate bonds is influenced by the credit risk associated with the corporate bond issuer. Higher credit risk typically leads to a wider spread.

• Maturity also plays a role in determining the spread, with longer-term bonds generally having higher spreads compared to shorter-term bonds.

• Ma...read more

Yes, PAM can be implemented on an individual system like a personal laptop.

• PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) can be implemented on individual systems like personal laptops to enhance security.

• PAM allows for flexible authentication mechanisms to be used on a system, including password, biometric, token-based, etc.

• By configuring PAM on a personal laptop, users can strengthen the authentication process and protect their data.

• Examples of PAM implementations on personal lapto...read more

Open die forging and closed die forging differ in the amount of material constraint and the complexity of the final product.

• Open die forging involves shaping the metal between two flat dies with no pre-determined shape, resulting in a product with less constraint and more flexibility.

• Closed die forging involves shaping the metal within a pre-determined shape, using multiple dies to create a more complex final product with greater precision.

• Open die forging is typically used f...read more

To take a problem from a case study, I would follow a structured approach.

• Read and understand the case study thoroughly

• Identify the problem statement and define the scope

• Gather relevant data and information

• Analyze the data and identify the root cause of the problem

• Brainstorm and evaluate potential solutions

• Select the best solution and develop an action plan

• Implement the solution and monitor the results

• Make necessary adjustments if required

Sales is the process of selling products or services to customers in exchange for money.

• Sales involves identifying potential customers and their needs

• It also involves convincing customers to buy the product or service

• Sales can be done through various channels such as direct sales, online sales, or through intermediaries like wholesalers or retailers

• Effective sales techniques include building relationships with customers, understanding their pain points, and providing solution...read more

Northeastern states can utilize their resources through sustainable development and promoting tourism.

• Investing in eco-tourism to showcase natural beauty and wildlife reserves

• Developing infrastructure for adventure tourism like trekking, river rafting, and camping

• Promoting local handicrafts and traditional art forms to boost tourism and generate income

• Encouraging sustainable agriculture practices to utilize fertile land and promote organic farming

• Investing in renewable energy...read more

Plants can be grown on hard soil by improving soil quality, using raised beds, adding organic matter, and choosing plants that are adapted to the soil.

• Improve soil quality by adding nutrients and minerals

• Use raised beds to create a better growing environment

• Add organic matter such as compost or manure to improve soil structure

• Choose plants that are adapted to the soil type and conditions

• Consider using hydroponics or container gardening for particularly hard soils

I would conduct a thorough analysis of the bank's operations, identify areas of improvement, and develop a strategic plan to address the deficiencies.

• Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the bank's current operations

• Identify key areas of inefficiency or weakness

• Develop a strategic plan to address the identified issues

• Implement changes and monitor progress to ensure effectiveness

• Provide ongoing support and guidance to the bank's management team

The 3 financial statements are Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow Statement. They differ in their focus and purpose.

• Income Statement shows a company's revenue and expenses over a period of time

• Balance Sheet shows a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time

• Cash Flow Statement shows a company's inflow and outflow of cash over a period of time

• Income Statement focuses on profitability, while Balance Sheet focuses on solvency and liquidity

• Ca...read more

I would choose Investment Banking as it aligns with my career goals and interests.

• Investment Banking offers a fast-paced and challenging work environment

• It involves working on high-profile deals and transactions

• Treasury is more focused on managing a company's finances and cash flow

• Investment Banking offers better opportunities for career growth and higher salaries

• However, Treasury may offer a better work-life balance

• Ultimately, the decision depends on personal interests and c...read more