ITSource Technologies Structural Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Pigs for cleaning pipes in oil & gas industry are selected based on size, material, and design compatibility with the pipeline.

• Consider the size of the pig to ensure it fits the diameter of the pipeline

• Choose a pig made of materials compatible with the substances being transported in the pipeline

• Select a pig design that suits the cleaning requirements of the pipeline, such as brush pigs for removing debris

Desalters are used in oil refineries to remove salt and other impurities from crude oil before further processing.

• Desalters help prevent corrosion in downstream equipment by removing salt and other impurities from crude oil.

• They improve the efficiency of refining processes by reducing fouling and scaling in equipment.

• Desalters can use various methods such as electrostatic coalescence or chemical demulsification to sepa...read more

A VLAN is a virtual LAN that allows for the segmentation of network traffic to improve performance, security, and manageability.

• VLANs divide a physical network into multiple logical networks, each with its own broadcast domain.

• Devices within the same VLAN can communicate with each other as if they were connected to the same physical network.

• VLANs can be configured to isolate sensitive data or specific types of traffic ...read more

HSRP stands for Hot Standby Router Protocol, used for providing high availability in a network by allowing two or more routers to work together in a group.

• HSRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used for redundancy in a network.

• It allows multiple routers to work together in a group, with one router being the active router and the others as standby routers.

• If the active router fails, one of the standby routers takes over a...read more

OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that uses Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path to a destination network.

• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs) to build a complete topology of the network.

• Each router calculates the shortest path to every network using Dijkstra's algorithm.

• OSPF uses cost as its metric, which is based on the bandwidth of the link.

• OSPF supports multiple areas, which red...read more

BGP is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems.

• BGP uses TCP as its transport protocol.

• It operates on a hop-by-hop basis, meaning that it only exchanges routing information with its directly connected neighbors.

• BGP uses path attributes to determine the best path for a given destination.

• BGP can be used for both IPv4 and IPv6 routing.

• BGP is commonly used by Internet Ser...read more

Copper twisted pair can be checked using a cable tester to ensure proper connectivity and identify any faults.

• Use a cable tester to check for continuity and proper wiring

• Check for any faults such as shorts, opens, or miswires

• Verify that the cable meets the required specifications for the network

• Perform a loopback test to ensure that data can be transmitted and received properly

Identifying leased line modem fault

• Check if the modem is powered on and all cables are properly connected

• Check the modem's status lights for any abnormalities

• Perform loopback tests to check for connectivity issues

• Check the modem's configuration settings

• Replace the modem if all other troubleshooting steps fail

To find the reliability of a link on Cisco routers, use the show interface command.

• Log in to the Cisco router using the console or Telnet/SSH.

• Enter the command 'show interface' to display the status of all interfaces on the router.

• Look for the 'input errors' and 'output errors' fields to determine the reliability of the link.

• If there are a high number of errors, the link may be unreliable and require troubleshooting.

• Ot...read more