30+ Interview Questions and Answers

A test plan should consider test objectives, scope, test environment, test cases, and test data.

• Define clear test objectives and scope

• Identify the test environment and required resources

• Develop comprehensive test cases

• Ensure availability of appropriate test data

• Consider risk-based testing approach

• Include test schedules and timelines

• Define roles and responsibilities of testing team

• Include test exit criteria

Test scenario is a high-level description of the functionality to be tested, while test case is a detailed step-by-step procedure to test a specific aspect of the functionality.

• Test scenario is a broad description of what needs to be tested, while test case is a specific set of steps to test a particular functionality.

• Test scenario is usually created at the beginning of the testing process, while test cases are created later.

• Test scenarios are used to ensure that all the impo...read more

Different types of mobile testing include functional testing, performance testing, security testing, usability testing, and compatibility testing.

• Functional testing ensures that the app meets the specified requirements.

• Performance testing checks the app's speed, stability, and scalability.

• Security testing identifies vulnerabilities and ensures data protection.

• Usability testing evaluates the app's user-friendliness.

• Compatibility testing checks the app's compatibility with diff...read more

Native apps are built for specific platforms while hybrid apps are built using web technologies and can run on multiple platforms.

• Native apps are built using platform-specific programming languages like Swift for iOS and Java for Android.

• Hybrid apps are built using web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

• Native apps can access device-specific features like camera, GPS, and contacts.

• Hybrid apps can be deployed on multiple platforms like iOS, Android, and web browsers.

• E...read more

The latest version of IOS is IOS 15.

• IOS 15 was released on September 20, 2021.

• It includes new features such as FaceTime enhancements and redesigned notifications.

• It is compatible with iPhone 6s and later models.

• It also includes security updates and bug fixes.

Test case writing techniques include boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, decision table testing, and exploratory testing.

• Boundary value analysis involves testing the boundaries of input values.

• Equivalence partitioning involves dividing input values into groups that are expected to behave similarly.

• Decision table testing involves creating a table to map inputs to expected outputs.

• Exploratory testing involves exploring the software without a predefined test plan.

To setup a new Cassandra Datacenter, follow these steps:

• Choose a location for the new datacenter

• Install Cassandra on the new nodes

• Configure the new nodes to join the existing cluster

• Update the replication factor for the new datacenter

• Test the new datacenter for performance and reliability

Quality Assurance in software testing refers to the process of ensuring that the software meets the required quality standards.

• QA involves planning, designing, executing, and reporting on tests to ensure that the software meets the specified requirements.

• It involves identifying defects and working with developers to fix them.

• QA also involves ensuring that the software is user-friendly, reliable, and performs well under different conditions.

• It is an ongoing process that starts...read more

Non-functional testing is the process of testing a software application for its non-functional requirements.

• It includes testing for performance, scalability, reliability, usability, and security.

• Non-functional testing ensures that the application meets the user's expectations in terms of speed, stability, and security.

• Examples of non-functional testing include load testing, stress testing, security testing, and usability testing.

NGRX is a state management library for Angular applications that helps manage application state in a reactive way.

• NGRX is based on the Redux pattern, which involves storing the entire application state in a single immutable state tree.

• Actions are dispatched to describe state changes, and reducers specify how the state should change in response to actions.

• Selectors are used to efficiently retrieve specific pieces of state from the store.

• Effects are used to manage side effects,...read more

Testing process should start as early as possible in the software development life cycle.

• Testing should start in the requirements gathering phase

• Test cases should be created as soon as the requirements are finalized

• Early testing helps in identifying defects and reduces the cost of fixing them

• Testing should be an ongoing process throughout the development cycle

Quality Control in software testing refers to the process of ensuring that the software meets the desired quality standards.

• It involves reviewing and testing the software to identify defects and errors.

• It ensures that the software meets the functional and non-functional requirements.

• It involves creating and executing test cases to verify the software's behavior.

• It helps in improving the overall quality of the software and reducing the risk of failure.

• Examples of quality contr...read more

Accessibility testing is the process of evaluating a website or application's ability to be used by people with disabilities.

• It involves testing for compliance with accessibility standards such as WCAG 2.0

• It includes testing for keyboard accessibility, screen reader compatibility, and color contrast

• Accessibility testing helps ensure that all users, regardless of ability, can access and use the website or application

• Examples of accessibility testing tools include Axe, Wave, an...read more

Test strategy is a plan that outlines the approach to be taken for testing a software product.

• It defines the scope, objectives, and methods of testing.

• It includes the types of testing to be performed, such as functional, performance, and security testing.

• It also outlines the testing environment, test data, and resources required for testing.

• The test strategy is developed based on the project requirements and constraints.

• It is reviewed and updated throughout the project lifecy...read more

Software testing is required to ensure the quality, reliability, and functionality of software applications.

• Identify and fix defects or bugs in the software

• Ensure that the software meets the specified requirements

• Validate that the software functions as intended

• Enhance user experience by identifying usability issues

• Prevent potential failures or errors in production

• Increase customer satisfaction by delivering high-quality software

• Reduce maintenance costs by detecting issues ear...read more

High memory issue can be resolved by identifying and optimizing memory-intensive processes.

• Identify memory-intensive processes using task manager or performance monitor

• Optimize memory usage by closing unnecessary programs and services

• Increase virtual memory or add more RAM if necessary

• Check for memory leaks in applications and fix them

• Consider upgrading hardware if issue persists

Testing process should be stopped when the testing objectives have been met or when the cost of testing outweighs the benefits.

• Stop when all the test cases have been executed and passed

• Stop when the testing objectives have been met

• Stop when the cost of testing outweighs the benefits

• Stop when the deadline for release is approaching

• Stop when the software is stable and reliable

• Stop when the risk of finding new defects is low

Verification in software testing refers to the process of evaluating whether the software meets the specified requirements.

• Verification ensures that the software is built according to the design specifications.

• It involves checking whether the software meets the functional and non-functional requirements.

• Verification is done through reviews, walkthroughs, and inspections.

• It is a static testing technique that is performed before the software is executed.

• Examples of verification...read more

Compaction strategies are used to optimize database performance by reducing disk space usage.

• Leveled compaction

• Size-tiered compaction

• Time-window compaction

• Date-tiered compaction

• Tiered compaction

High CPU issue can be resolved by identifying the root cause and optimizing the system accordingly.

• Identify the process or application causing high CPU usage

• Check for any background processes or services consuming CPU resources

• Optimize the system by upgrading hardware, tweaking system settings, or optimizing code

• Consider load balancing or scaling out if the issue persists

• Monitor system performance regularly to prevent future issues

To select event rows from a table using SQL query, use the SELECT statement with appropriate conditions.

• Use the SELECT statement to specify the columns you want to retrieve from the table.

• Use the FROM clause to specify the table from which you want to retrieve the rows.

• Use the WHERE clause to specify the conditions that the rows must meet to be selected.

• Example: SELECT * FROM events WHERE event_type = 'concert';

Reads and writes happen through input/output operations between the database and the application.

• Data is read from the database and transferred to the application for processing.

• Data is written to the database from the application after processing.

• Reads and writes are performed through SQL statements or APIs.

• The database management system manages the read and write operations.

• Concurrency control mechanisms ensure data consistency during read and write operations.

SOLID is a set of principles for designing software that is easy to maintain, understand, and extend.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.

• O - Open-Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Subtypes must be substitutable for their base types.

• I - Interface Segregation Principle: Clients should not be forced to depend on interfaces they do not use.

• D...read more

To improve db performance, optimize queries, use indexes, and regularly maintain the database.

• Optimize queries by avoiding unnecessary joins and subqueries

• Use indexes to speed up data retrieval

• Regularly maintain the database by cleaning up unused data and optimizing table structures

• Consider partitioning large tables to improve query performance

• Use caching to reduce the number of database queries

• Upgrade hardware or consider using a cloud-based database service for better perfo...read more

Array list, linked list and hash map are data structures used to store and manipulate data.

• Array list stores data in contiguous memory locations and allows random access to elements.

• Linked list stores data in nodes that are linked to each other and allows efficient insertion and deletion of elements.

• Hash map stores data in key-value pairs and allows fast retrieval of values based on keys.

• Array list and linked list are both used for sequential access of elements, while hash ma...read more

Bloom Filter is a probabilistic data structure used to test whether an element is a member of a set.

• Bloom Filter uses a bit array and multiple hash functions to store and check for the presence of elements in a set.

• It can return false positives but never false negatives.

• It is commonly used in caching, spell checking, and network routers.

• Example: A Bloom Filter can be used to check if a URL has already been visited to avoid redundant requests.

Waterfall is a linear approach to software development while Agile is iterative and incremental.

• Waterfall follows a sequential design process while Agile follows an iterative approach.

• Waterfall requires complete and detailed planning upfront while Agile allows for flexibility and changes throughout the development process.

• Waterfall is best suited for projects with well-defined requirements while Agile is better for projects with evolving requirements.

• Waterfall has a higher ri...read more

BRD and FRD are documents that outline the requirements for a project. BRD focuses on business needs while FRD focuses on functional requirements.

• BRD includes business objectives, scope, stakeholders, and high-level requirements.

• FRD includes detailed functional requirements, use cases, and system specifications.

• Both documents should be clear, concise, and easily understandable by all stakeholders.

• It is important to involve all relevant stakeholders in the creation and review ...read more

Method overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Method overriding is having a method in a subclass with the same name and parameters as a method in its superclass.

• Method overloading is used to provide different ways of calling the same method with different parameters.

• Method overriding is used to provide a specific implementation of a method in a subclass that is already defined in its superclass.

• Method overloading is resolved at com...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a function or method to behave differently based on the object it is acting upon.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• It enables a single interface to be used for different data types or classes.

• Examples include method overloading and method overriding in object-oriented programming.