20+ Applitech Solutions Interview Questions and Answers

To prevent plastic defects, design engineers use methods such as mold flow analysis, material selection, gate design optimization, and part geometry considerations.

• Perform mold flow analysis to identify potential issues before production.

• Select the appropriate plastic material based on the requirements of the part.

• Optimize gate design to ensure proper filling and packing of the mold.

• Consider part geometry to minimize stress concentrations and improve overall quality.

• Use desig...read more

Various methods such as injection molding, blow molding, extrusion, and rotational molding are used in plastic manufacturing.

• Injection molding: molten plastic is injected into a mold to create a part

• Blow molding: air pressure is used to expand molten plastic into a mold

• Extrusion: plastic is melted and forced through a die to create a continuous profile

• Rotational molding: powdered plastic is rotated in a mold until it coats the entire surface

Renloyds number is a dimensionless number used in fluid mechanics to characterize the flow of a fluid over a surface.

• Renloyds number is defined as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a fluid flow.

• It is used to determine the type of flow (laminar or turbulent) that occurs over a surface.

• Renloyds number is calculated using the formula: Re = (ρ * V * L) / μ, where ρ is the density of the fluid, V is the velocity of the fluid, L is a characteristic length, and μ is ...read more

Draft angles are used in plastic to facilitate easy ejection of the molded part from the mold.

• Draft angles help prevent the part from getting stuck in the mold during ejection

• They reduce friction between the part and the mold walls

• Draft angles improve the overall quality and consistency of the molded part

• Common draft angles range from 1 to 3 degrees, depending on the material and design

Design library in SolidWorks is a feature that allows users to store and reuse commonly used parts, features, and assemblies.

• Design library provides easy access to standard components like screws, nuts, bolts, etc.

• Users can drag and drop items from the design library directly into their designs.

• It helps in saving time by reusing pre-designed components instead of creating them from scratch.

• Design library can be customized to include user-specific components and features.

• Examp...read more

The joining of 2 sheet metal processes can be achieved through methods like welding, riveting, adhesive bonding, or clinching.

• Welding: involves melting the edges of the two sheet metals and fusing them together.

• Riveting: involves using metal fasteners to join the two sheet metals together.

• Adhesive bonding: involves using a strong adhesive to bond the two sheet metals together.

• Clinching: involves deforming the edges of the two sheet metals to interlock them together.

Shrinkage in plastic refers to the reduction in size of a plastic part during the cooling process after molding.

• Shrinkage occurs due to the cooling and solidification of the molten plastic material.

• It is important to account for shrinkage when designing molds for plastic parts.

• Factors affecting shrinkage include the type of plastic material, mold temperature, and cooling rate.

• Examples of plastics with high shrinkage include ABS and polystyrene.

• Shrinkage can lead to dimensiona...read more

Root cause analysis is a systematic process of identifying the underlying cause of a problem or issue.

• Root cause analysis helps in understanding the fundamental reason behind a problem.

• It involves investigating the symptoms, identifying potential causes, and determining the primary cause.

• By addressing the root cause, it is possible to prevent the problem from recurring.

• Root cause analysis techniques include 5 Whys, Fishbone diagram, Fault Tree Analysis, etc.

• For example, if a ...read more

Plastic design consideration involves material selection, part geometry, manufacturability, and environmental impact.

• Material selection based on properties like strength, flexibility, and temperature resistance.

• Consideration of part geometry for moldability, assembly, and functionality.

• Ensuring manufacturability by designing for injection molding, extrusion, or other processes.

• Addressing environmental impact by choosing recyclable materials and minimizing waste.

• Testing for du...read more

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. More oil deposits are typically found in the evaporator component of VCRS.

• Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. It determines how easily a fluid can move within a system.

• In VCRS (Vehicle Cabin Refrigeration System), more oil deposits are usually found in the evaporator component due to lower temperatures and slower flow rates.

• Higher viscosity oils can lead to increased oil deposits in the evaporator, ...read more

GWP stands for Global Warming Potential, ODP stands for Ozone Depletion Potential. Natural refrigerants include CO2, ammonia, and hydrocarbons.

• GWP measures how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time period compared to CO2

• ODP measures the potential for a substance to destroy the ozone layer compared to CFC-11

• Natural refrigerants like CO2, ammonia, and hydrocarbons have low GWP and zero ODP, making them environmentally friendly alternatives

The main function of the compressor in VCRS is to compress the refrigerant gas, increasing its pressure and temperature. Without the compressor, the VCRS would not be able to cool the air effectively.

• Compressor compresses the refrigerant gas, increasing its pressure and temperature

• This high-pressure, high-temperature gas then flows through the condenser where it releases heat to the surrounding air

• If the compressor is removed, the VCRS would not be able to cool the air effect...read more

Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.

• Bernoulli's principle is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics that states that as the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases.

• The relationship between area and velocity is described by the equation A1V1 = A2V2, where A is the cross-sectional area and V is the velocity of the fluid.

• This relationship ...read more

Subcooling and superheating are processes in which a substance is cooled or heated beyond its saturation point, respectively.

• Subcooling is the process of cooling a liquid below its saturation temperature without changing its phase.

• Superheating is the process of heating a vapor above its saturation temperature without changing its phase.

• Subcooling helps in increasing the efficiency of refrigeration systems by ensuring that the refrigerant remains in liquid form throughout the ...read more

Copper has higher thermal conductivity than steel.

• Copper has a thermal conductivity of around 400 W/mK, while steel typically has a thermal conductivity of around 50 W/mK.

• This means that copper is a much better conductor of heat compared to steel.

• Copper is commonly used in heat exchangers and electrical wiring due to its high thermal conductivity.

• Steel, on the other hand, is used in applications where strength and durability are more important than thermal conductivity.

Stress is the internal resistance of a material to deformation, while pressure is the force exerted on a surface.

• Stress is a measure of the internal forces within a material, while pressure is a measure of the external force applied to a surface.

• Stress is a scalar quantity, while pressure is a vector quantity.

• Stress is typically measured in units of force per unit area (such as N/m^2 or Pa), while pressure is also measured in the same units.

• Stress can cause deformation or cha...read more

Different types of beams include cantilever beams, simply supported beams, fixed beams, and continuous beams.

• Cantilever beams are supported at only one end, with the other end free to move.

• Simply supported beams have supports at both ends, allowing for rotation and movement.

• Fixed beams have both ends fixed, preventing any rotation or movement.

• Continuous beams have more than two supports, creating multiple spans.

Saturation temperature of refrigerant is the temperature at which the refrigerant changes state from liquid to vapor at a given pressure.

• Saturation temperature is specific to each refrigerant and pressure level.

• It is an important parameter in the design and operation of refrigeration systems.

• For example, the saturation temperature of R-134a at 1 atm pressure is -26.1 degrees Celsius.

VARS stands for Variable Air Volume Reheat System, while VCRS stands for Variable Chilled Water Reheat System.

• VARS controls the air flow rate and temperature to maintain comfort in a space, while VCRS controls the chilled water flow rate and temperature.

• VARS is commonly used in HVAC systems for commercial buildings, while VCRS is used in systems where precise temperature control is required.

• VARS can be more energy efficient compared to VCRS in certain applications.

• Both system...read more

Bending stress is a type of stress that occurs when a material is subjected to bending.

• Bending stress is calculated using the formula: σ = M*c/I, where σ is the bending stress, M is the bending moment, c is the distance from the neutral axis to the outermost fiber, and I is the moment of inertia.

• Bending stress is commonly seen in beams, bridges, and other structures subjected to bending loads.

• The formula for bending stress can be derived from the basic principles of mechanics...read more

Designing a wrench involves determining the size, shape, material, and functionality based on the intended use.

• Identify the purpose of the wrench (e.g. for automotive, plumbing, or construction)

• Determine the appropriate size and shape of the wrench based on the target fasteners

• Select the material for the wrench based on strength and durability requirements

• Consider additional features such as adjustable jaws or ergonomic handles for user comfort

• Create prototypes for testing an...read more

Pressure vessels are designed by considering factors such as material selection, design codes, operating conditions, and safety measures.

• Select appropriate materials based on the intended use and operating conditions

• Follow design codes and standards such as ASME BPVC, EN 13445, and PD 5500

• Consider factors such as pressure, temperature, corrosion, and fatigue

• Incorporate safety measures such as relief valves, rupture disks, and pressure gauges

• Perform stress analysis and simulat...read more

A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle.

• Chillers are commonly used in air conditioning systems to cool buildings or industrial processes.

• They work by transferring heat from the liquid being chilled to a refrigerant, which then flows through a compressor and condenser to release the heat.

• The chilled liquid is then circulated through the system to absorb heat and cool the desired area.

• Examples of chillers ...read more

Passive components do not require an external power source to operate, while active components do require an external power source.

• Passive components include resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transformers.

• Active components include transistors, diodes, integrated circuits, and operational amplifiers.

• Passive components do not amplify or control the flow of electrical current, while active components do.

• Passive components are used to store, filter, or dissipate energy, while...read more

Stress-strain diagram shows the relationship between stress (force applied) and strain (resulting deformation) in a material.

• Stress is the force applied to a material, while strain is the resulting deformation.

• The diagram typically shows a linear elastic region, followed by a yield point, plastic deformation, and ultimately failure.

• Materials can exhibit different behaviors on the diagram, such as brittle, ductile, or elastic.

• The slope of the linear region is the Young's Modul...read more

Product design involves several stages from ideation to launch.

• Ideation and research

• Concept development

• Prototyping and testing

• Design for manufacturing

• Launch and post-launch evaluation

Static load is a constant force acting on a structure, while dynamic load is a varying force that changes with time.

• Static load remains constant over time, while dynamic load fluctuates.

• Examples of static load include the weight of a building or a bridge, while examples of dynamic load include wind or earthquake forces.

• Static load is easier to predict and design for, while dynamic load requires more complex analysis and considerations.

• Structures designed for static load may n...read more