ICMR-National Institute of Virology Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. API Gateway implementation
Ans. 
API Gateway implementation is a centralized service that routes, manages, and secures API calls.
• API Gateway acts as a single entry point for all API calls

• It can handle authentication, rate limiting, caching, and request/response transformations

• Examples include AWS API Gateway, Apigee, Kong
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Q2. Circuit breaker implementation
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Circuit breaker is a design pattern used to prevent system overload by temporarily stopping requests to a failing service.
• Circuit breaker monitors requests to a service and opens when the service fails repeatedly.

• It helps prevent cascading failures and allows the system to gracefully degrade.

• Once the circuit breaker is open, it can periodically check if the service has recovered before allowing requests again.
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Q3. What is deadlock? How to avoid it?
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Deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
• Avoid circular wait by ensuring processes request resources in the same order.

• Prevent hold and wait by requiring processes to request all needed resources at once.

• Implement a timeout mechanism to break potential deadlocks.

• Use resource allocation graphs to detect and prevent deadlocks.

• ...read more
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Q4. Explain equals() method
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The equals() method is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.
• The equals() method is a method of the Object class in Java.

• It is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.

• The default implementation of equals() in the Object class compares memory addresses, so it is often overridden in custom classes to compare content.

• Example: String class overrides equals() method to compare the content
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Q5. How mongodb was integrated in your application?
Ans. 
MongoDB was integrated in the application by using the official Java driver and configuring connection settings.
• Used the official MongoDB Java driver to interact with the database

• Configured connection settings such as host, port, database name, and authentication credentials

• Implemented CRUD operations using MongoDB Java driver methods

• Utilized MongoDB aggregation framework for complex queries
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Q6. What is hibernate?
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Hibernate is an open-source Java framework that simplifies the development of database interactions in Java applications.
• Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool that maps Java objects to database tables.

• It provides a way to perform database operations using Java objects instead of writing SQL queries.

• Hibernate handles the mapping of Java classes to database tables and vice versa, as well as the generation ...read more
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Q7. Runnable vs Callable interface
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Runnable is a functional interface with a single run() method, while Callable is a functional interface with a single call() method.
• Runnable is used for tasks that do not return a result, while Callable is used for tasks that return a result.

• Callable can throw checked exceptions, while Runnable cannot.

• Callable returns a Future object, which can be used to retrieve the result of the computation.

• Example: Runnable - execu...read more
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Q8. Which type of data is returned by Callable interface?
Ans. 
The Callable interface in Java returns a Future object.
• Callable interface returns a Future object which represents the result of a computation that may not be available yet.

• The Future object can be used to retrieve the result of the computation, check if it is done, or cancel the computation.

• Example: Callable<Integer> task = () -> { return 42; }
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Q9. HashMap internal working
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Q10. Concurrent HashMap internal working
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Q11. How to monitor health of your application?
Ans. 
Monitor application health using metrics, logs, alerts, and performance monitoring tools.
• Use monitoring tools like Prometheus, Grafana, or New Relic to track key metrics such as CPU usage, memory usage, response times, and error rates.

• Implement logging to record important events and errors in your application. Use tools like ELK stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) for log analysis.

• Set up alerts to notify you of any...read more
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Q12. How to call an API in a Microservice architecture?
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To call an API in a Microservice architecture, use HTTP requests or messaging protocols like gRPC.
• Use HTTP requests to communicate between microservices

• Implement RESTful APIs for easy integration

• Leverage messaging protocols like gRPC for efficient communication

• Consider using service discovery mechanisms for dynamic API calls
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Q13. Explain Profiles
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Profiles in Java are configurations that define the capabilities of a Java platform.
• Profiles allow developers to target specific types of devices or applications.

• They help in reducing the size of the Java runtime environment by including only the necessary APIs.

• Examples include Java SE Embedded Profile for embedded devices and Java SE Compact Profile for resource-constrained environments.
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Q14. What is OpenFeign, and how is it used in microservices architecture?
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OpenFeign is a declarative web service client used to simplify the process of making HTTP requests in microservices architecture.
• OpenFeign allows developers to define RESTful web services as interfaces and automatically generate the necessary implementation code.

• It integrates seamlessly with Spring Cloud and other microservices frameworks to facilitate communication between services.

• OpenFeign supports features like loa...read more
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Q15. What is the implementation process for service registry and discovery?
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Service registry and discovery involves registering services and allowing clients to discover and connect to them.
• Implement a service registry where services can register themselves with metadata

• Use a service discovery mechanism for clients to find and connect to services

• Implement health checks to ensure services are available and healthy

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic among multiple instances of a service
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Q16. What are Spring boot actuators?
Ans. 
Spring Boot Actuators are built-in tools that provide insight into the running application.
• Actuators expose various endpoints to monitor and manage the application.

• They can be used to check health, metrics, environment details, and more.

• Examples include /actuator/health, /actuator/metrics, and /actuator/env.
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Q17. Synchronous vs Asynchronous communication
Ans. 
Synchronous communication is blocking, while asynchronous communication is non-blocking.
• Synchronous communication waits for a response before continuing, while asynchronous communication does not wait.

• Examples of synchronous communication include traditional function calls, while examples of asynchronous communication include callbacks and promises.

• Synchronous communication can lead to performance issues if there are d...read more
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Q18. Explain Synchronized keyword
Ans. 
Synchronized keyword is used in Java to control access to shared resources by multiple threads.
• Synchronized keyword can be applied to methods or code blocks to ensure only one thread can access the synchronized code at a time.

• It prevents race conditions and ensures thread safety by creating a lock on the object or class.

• Example: synchronized void myMethod() { // synchronized code block }
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Q19. What are the consequences of excessively using synchronized blocks and methods in Java?
Ans. 
Excessive use of synchronized blocks and methods in Java can lead to performance issues and potential deadlocks.
• Decreased performance due to increased contention for locks

• Potential deadlocks if multiple threads are waiting for each other to release locks

• Increased complexity and difficulty in debugging and maintaining code

• Use synchronized sparingly and consider alternatives like ConcurrentHashMap or Lock interface
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Q20. How can you determine the number of threads needed for your application?
Ans. 
The number of threads needed for an application can be determined based on factors like the type of tasks, hardware resources, and performance requirements.
• Consider the type of tasks your application needs to perform - CPU-bound tasks may benefit from more threads, while I/O-bound tasks may not.

• Take into account the hardware resources available - more threads may be beneficial on a multi-core processor compared to a si...read more
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Q21. Explain Executor framework
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Executor framework is a framework in Java that provides a way to manage and execute tasks asynchronously.
• Allows for managing thread execution in a more efficient way

• Provides a way to decouple task submission from task execution

• Supports various types of executors like ThreadPoolExecutor and ScheduledExecutorService

• Helps in handling tasks concurrently and asynchronously
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Q22. Explain BlockingQueue
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BlockingQueue is an interface in Java that represents a queue which supports operations that wait for the queue to become non-empty when retrieving an element and wait for space to become available in the queue when adding an element.
• BlockingQueue is part of the java.util.concurrent package.

• It is used for implementing producer-consumer scenarios where multiple threads are involved.

• Methods like put() and take() are used...read more
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Q1. Why did you leave your previous company?
Ans. 
Seeking new challenges and opportunities for growth.
• Desire for career advancement

• Looking for new challenges

• Seeking better work-life balance

• Company restructuring or downsizing

• Relocation to a new area
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Q2. Other basic questions asked regarding the relevant skills and technologies I have worked with.
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Q1. It's a good job but time taking
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Q2. It's not giving a correct
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Q3. Salary, and it's a payment job how to return that money
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Q4. When the interview process, when u call me iam legally waiting for ur call
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Q1. I Intrested join to our company, is a collaboration to students it's give a good future so iam soo excited joined next wave.
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Q2. When we call the interview process, iam eagle waiting.
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Q1. How much experience you have into froud management?
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Q2. H uch money you can take from parents?
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Q1. State Head sis equal to Business Development Executive.
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Q2. State Head is not aware about the product.
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Sales marketing event management

Q1. How to generate lids
Ans. 
Generating leads involves identifying potential customers and engaging with them to convert into sales opportunities.
• Identify target market and ideal customer profile

• Utilize digital marketing strategies such as SEO, social media, and email campaigns

• Attend industry events and network with potential leads

• Offer valuable content through blogs, webinars, and whitepapers

• Utilize lead generation tools such as CRM software and
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Q2. How to convince parents
Ans. 
Convince parents by highlighting benefits, addressing concerns, and providing evidence.
• Highlight the benefits of the product or service to the parents, such as improved academic performance or safety features.

• Address any concerns or objections they may have, such as cost or potential risks.

• Provide evidence or testimonials from other parents who have had positive experiences with the product or service.

• Offer a trial or ...read more
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Q3. First of all I visit capable societies malls and parks to generate leads and visit new apartments transfer parents visit and convince for admissions
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Q4. First of all I said many facilities in school and showing different curriculum extra curriculum activities other school not providing I said to parent than conveyance and solve parents problem
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Q5. How do achieve target
Ans. 
Achieve target by setting clear goals, creating a strategic plan, monitoring progress, adjusting strategies as needed, and staying motivated.
• Set clear and achievable goals

• Create a strategic plan outlining steps to reach the target

• Monitor progress regularly to track performance

• Adjust strategies as needed based on feedback and results

• Stay motivated and focused on the end goal
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Q6. How to find genuinely in field
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Finding genuinely in field requires networking, research, and building relationships.
• Attend industry events and conferences to meet professionals in the field

• Utilize social media platforms like LinkedIn to connect with industry experts

• Join relevant professional organizations and associations to expand your network

• Conduct informational interviews with professionals to learn more about the field

• Stay updated on industry t...read more
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Sales and marketing events marketing team management how to calculate lid how to collect positive data

Q1. Tell me about yourself.
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Q2. What do you mean by sales?
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Q3. What skills are required for a career in sales?
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Q1. What do you mean by sales?
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Q2. Why do you want to join Ed Tech?
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Q3. How will you convince an aspirant to buy our course?
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Q1. What is a typical day like for you at the company?
Ans. 
A typical day at the company involves overseeing daily operations, managing staff, handling customer inquiries, and ensuring targets are met.
• Start the day by reviewing the previous day's performance and setting goals for the current day

• Hold a morning meeting with staff to delegate tasks and address any issues

• Monitor inventory levels and place orders as needed

• Assist customers with inquiries or complaints

• Conduct performa...read more
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Q2. Team spirit is seen best here.
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Q3. What is the work environment and culture like at the company?
Ans. 
The work environment at the company is collaborative, fast-paced, and focused on continuous improvement.
• Collaborative team atmosphere where employees work together towards common goals

• Fast-paced environment with opportunities for growth and development

• Culture of continuous improvement and innovation

• Open communication and feedback channels to encourage employee engagement
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Q4. What is the best part of working at the company?
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The best part of working at the company is the supportive and collaborative work environment.
• Supportive and collaborative work environment

• Opportunities for growth and development

• Strong company culture

• Recognition for hard work

• Great team dynamics
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Create a plan with xyz budget and showcase optimisation skills

Q1. Total years of work ex
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Q2. Expertise in the domain applied for
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Q3. Any relevant contacts in the industry
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Yes, I have a strong network of contacts in the industry including suppliers, vendors, and industry professionals.
• I have built relationships with key suppliers who provide quality products at competitive prices.

• I regularly attend industry events and conferences to network with other professionals and stay updated on industry trends.

• I am a member of industry-specific organizations where I have connected with industry le...read more
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Q1. Salary discussion and negation scope
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Q2. Variable pay discussion
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